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Wikipedia / Elastic pendulum

In physics and mathematics, in the area of dynamical systems, an elastic pendulum (also called spring pendulum or swinging spring) is a physical system where a piece of mass is connected to a spring so that the resulting motion contains elements of both a simple pendulum and a one-dimensional spring-mass system. For specific energy values, the system demonstrates all the hallmarks of chaotic behavior and is sensitive to initial conditions. At very low and very high energy, there also appears to be regular motion. The motion of an elastic pendulum is governed by a set of coupled ordinary differential equations. This behavior suggests a complex interplay between energy states and system dynamics.

Analysis and interpretation

The system is much more complex than a simple pendulum, as the properties of the spring add an extra dimension of freedom to the system. For example, when the spring compresses, the shorter radius causes the spring to move faster due to the conservation of angular momentum. It is also possible that the spring has a range that is overtaken by the motion of the pendulum, making it practically neutral to the motion of the pendulum.

Lagrangian

.

The Lagrangian is the kinetic energy is the potential energy.

Hooke's law is the spring constant.

The potential energy from gravity is the gravitational acceleration.

is the velocity

So the Lagrangian becomes:

Equations of motion

With two degrees of freedom, the equations of motion can be found using two Euler-Lagrange equations

:

:

results in nondimensional

The elastic pendulum is now described with two coupled ordinary differential equations. These can be solved numerically. Furthermore, one can use analytical methods to study the intriguing phenomenon of order-chaos-order.

There is also a second example : Double Elastic Pendulum . See

See also

References

Further reading

  • Holovatsky V., Holovatska Y. (2019) "Oscillations of an elastic pendulum" (interactive animation), Wolfram Demonstrations Project, published February 19, 2019.

  • Holovatsky V., Holovatskyi I., Holovatska Ya., Struk Ya. Oscillations of the resonant elastic pendulum. Physics and Educational Technology, 2023, 1, 10–17, https://doi.org/10.32782/pet-2023-1-2 http://journals.vnu.volyn.ua/index.php/physics/article/view/1093