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Wikipedia / Hiraab

The Hiraab clan (, ), is a prominent Somali clan belonging to the larger Hawiye clan. Renowned for its influential role, the Hiraab clan has produced numerous significant leaders within Somalia, including six presidents, the first president and prime minister of Somalia, and various other prominent figures. The clan's historical contributions include pioneering military leadership roles, and establishing a foundational influence in Somalia.

Mainly residing in central and southern Somalia, stretching from Galkayo to Kismaayo, the Hiraab clan also has a presence in Ethiopia and Kenya. Among their notable historical milestones, the Hiraab clan are the predominant inhabitants of Mogadishu, the capital city of Somalia. They have exerted substantial influence over the city, making substantial contributions across the city's diverse sectors.

History

The first clan to ever challenge the Ajuuraan rulers was the Darandoolle clan a section of Hiraab. In The Ajuuraan had decreed: “At the wells in our territory, the people known as Darandoolle and the other Hiraab cannot water their herds by day, but only at night.” … Then all the Darandoolle gathered in one place. The leaders decided to make war on the Ajuuraan. They found the imam of the Ajuuraan seated on a rock near a well called Ceel Cawl. They killed him with a sword. As they struck him with the sword, they split his body together with the rock on which he was seated. He died immediately and the Ajuuraan migrated out of the country. In another variation of the story, a young Darandoolle warrior was born with a gold ring on his finger, a sign of his future preeminence. The Darandoolle then rallied around their young leader, who eventually assumed the title of Imam of the Hiraab and took up residence in Muqdisho.

The mother of Hiraab was Faduma Karanle. By 1700, the Hiraab and other clans occupied a large territory stretching the interior from the Shabelle valley to the arid lands of Mudug and to the coastal areas of Mogadishu towards Hobyo. After the immediate fall of the Ajuuraan, the Hiraab established an independent rule, under the Yacquub dynasty, for at least two centuries. Called Regno di Magadozo or the Kingdom of Magadoxo in official medieval bulletins, at their peak they would go on to dominate what became Greater Benadir.

Distribution

The Hiraab clan predominantly inhabits the central and southern regions of Somalia, including Galgaduud, Mudug, Middle Shabelle, Hiiraan, Banadir, Lower Shabelle, and, to a lesser extent, Sool, Lower Juba, and the Somali region of Ethiopia.

In Mudug, the Sacad sub-clan of the Habar Gidir exerts political and local dominance over the Galkayo and the Hobyo district and city.

the Saruur of the Habar Gidir are the majority in the Harardhere district.

The Galgaduud region is a stronghold of the Hiraab clan, forming the majority in five out of sevendistricts and the second largest group in the remaining two. They hold significant influence and control over these districts, occupying most key positions. The Saleeban sub-clan dominates the Adado, the Ayr sub-clan is the majority in the Dusmareb and Guriel districts, the Waceysle sub-clan leads in the El Dher district, and the Duduble sub-clan is predominant in the El Buur district. The Ayr sub-clan also extends into the Abudwak and Balanbale districts, holding various positions and key towns.

In the Middle Shabelle region of the Hirshabelle state, the Abgaal sub-clan forms a majority, controlling the governor's office and other key districts, including the fertile lands of the Jowhar] and Bal'ad districts and the tourist-attractive coastal towns near Mogadishu. In Hiiraan, the Hiraab live in three out of eight districts: Gerijir, Mataban, where the Habar Gidir form a plurality, and Jawiil district, which is inhabited by the Udejeen.

In Banadir, the Hiraab are concentrated around the national capital Mogadishu, and were the earliest inhabitants. They primarily occupy 16 of the 18 districts, holding district governor positions in 12 and vice-governor roles in the rest. They also have a presence in the other 2 districts, which are the Deynile and Hamarweyne districts, and hold vice-governor roles in them as well. The Hiraab clan has established itself as a significant force in the city, holding key positions such as the mayor, head of police, head of security services, and head of the courts. The community has been prominent in Mogadishu since the 17th century with the Hiraab Imamate.

In the Somali Region of Ethiopia, the Hiraab inhabit key districts and towns near the Hiiraan and Somalia border, including Ferfer, where the Udejeen clan resides. The Habar Gidir live near the Galmudug border in towns like Labobaar in the Korahey zone. The Ayr sub-clan's Fiqishini members are found in the Dollo zone's Qararo Hawiye town and the Erer zone. The Sheekhaal sub-clan lives in Afdher's Raaso district and areas near the capital Jiiga, such as Gursum. They also inhabit parts of Oromia.

In Lower Juba, the Sheekhaal sub-clan resides in major districts such as Hoosingo and Jamaame. In Lower Shabelle, their communities stretch from Afgoye, Merca, and Baraawe, inhabiting the lush lands of the region. The Abgaal also have a presence in some districts of Lower Jubba, such as Turdho. In the Sool and Togdheer regions of Somalia and Somaliland, the Fiqishini sub-clan of the Ayr lives in key cities like Adhi'adeye and constitutes a portion of Buuhoodle city in Togdheer.

Hiraab sub-clans

Ali Jimale Ahmed outlines the Hiraab clan genealogical tree in The Invention of Somalia:

Hiraab

Mudulood Hiraab

Ciise Mudulood (Udeejen)

Abokor

  • Adan Yacquub

Ali Yacquub

  • Reer Raage

Yusuf Yacquub

  • Xasan Yusuf (Reer Ugaas)

Macalin Maxamuud

  • Xersi Macalin

  • Kheyre Macalin

  • Siyaad Macalin

  • Dudub Macalin

  • Faatax Macalin

Abaadir

  • Maxamed Samatar

  • Wa'weyteen Mudulood

  • Maxamed Mudulood (Cabdi Sheikh)

Darandoole Mudulood

Hilibi Darandoole

Tolweyne

  • Dhagoweeyne

  • Reer Duleey

  • Gacal Maxamed

  • Cumar Caalin

  • Reer Faqi

  • Ximin Nacbe

Yabadhaale

  • Guudcadde

  • Abroone

  • Cosoble

  • Gacal Waaq

  • Galbe

Cismaan Darandoole

Wacdaan Cismaan

  • Yabarow

  • Ali Yaberow

Bana Yaberow

Maalinle

  • Maxamed Maalinle

Ibrahim Maalinle

  • Maxaad Mooldheere

  • Abuukar Mooldheere

    Yabar Ilkagaduud

    Samakaay

  • Warqatinle

  • Warqab

Moobleen Isman

Magacle Moobleen

  • Yabar Magacle

  • Cool Magacle

  • Xayaale Magacle

Abidig Moobleen

  • Tolweyne

  • Yabadhaale

  • Maqalsame

Abgaal

Harti (Maxamed, Bah Sarjeele (Ajuuraan)

Caleed Harti

Warsangeli Caleed

  • Cumar

  • Cabdalle

Suul Harti

Caroone Muuse

Maxamed Caroone

Gaabane Maxamed

  • Agoonyar

  • Owbakar

    Yabar Maxamed

    Nugaale (Habar Nugaal)

  • Cabdalla Caroone

  • Saleeban Caroone

  • Ciise Harti

Wacbudhan (Bah Hintire Bal'ad (Ajuuraan)

Yonis Danweyne

Galmaax Yonis

Yusuf Galmaax

Muuse Yuusuf

  • Maxamed Muuse

  • Wehliye Muuse

Cumar Galmaax

  • Celi Cumar

  • Reer Mataan

  • Abdulle Galmaax

Xuseen Yonis

  • Sahal Koraaye

  • koshin sahal

  • heyle sahal

    Adan Yonis

  • Maxamed Yonis

Kabaale Wacbudhan

  • Saleeban Muse

  • Xeyle Muse

Dauud

  • Isaaq Dauud

  • Yusuf Dauud

Waceysle (Warculus, Bah Hintire Bal'ad (Ajuuraan)

Saleeban Waceysle

Cumar Saleeban

  • Dhagaweyne Cumar

  • Faqay Cumar

Cabdalle Cumar

  • Cali Gaaf

Qombor

Absuge

Ilaaway Cismaan

Weheliye

  • Makaraan

  • Xabeey

  • Xalane

Aamin

  • Xuseen Aamin

  • Gacal Aamin

  • Iidle Aamin

Habar Gidir

Sa'ad

Awarere Sa'ad(Cawareere)

Odow

Da'ud

Muuse Culus

  • Reer Jalaf

  • Reer Nim'ale

Mahad Culus

  • Reer Barqadle

  • Reer Qurdhale

  • Mohamed Culus (Reer Mohamed)

Wuqujire

  • Maxamed (Lugayare)

  • Maxamud (Sinoole)

Uways Wuqujire

  • Hassan Uways (Reer Faraale)

  • Xuseen Uways (Bahwayn)

Xayloow

Cali (Indhayar)

Culus

  • Reer Hilowle

  • Reer Ayaanle

  • Abakar Culus

Abdalle Sa'ad(Cabdalle)

Adan Abdalle

Ali Abdalle

  • Sufi Ali

  • Ahmed Ali

    Abrone Abdalle

Halane Abrone

Omar Halane

  • Guled Omar

Yusuf Omar

  • Jibril Yusuf

Ayanle Yusuf

  • Abdi Ayanle

  • Jamac Ayanle

  • Mohamed Ayanle

  • Geedi Ayanle

  • Sayid Ayanle

Agane Abdalle

Malinle Agabe

  • Bare Malinle

Fiqi Malinle

  • Daoud Fiqi

  • Ismail Fiqi

Ishaq Fiqi

  • Abdi Ishaq

Abdille Abdi

Jamac Abdille

  • Qalaf jama

  • Farah Malinle

    Abrone Agane

  • Abokor Agane

Mahamed (Ayr)

Wa'e/Wace Mahamed(Yabadhaale)

Sunad-Nabi Wa'e

  • Caaldheere

Mu'le/Mucle Mahamed(Tolweyne)

Abti-idig Mucle

Warwaaq Abti-idig(HabarAji)

  • Xaryanle Abti-idig(HabarAji)

  • Daaud(Sabuuh) Abti-idig(Habar-Islaaleed)

Dhowrakace Abti-idig(Habar Islaaleed)

Bilaal Dhowrakace(Yabardhowrakace)

  • Dhalow Dhowrakace

  • Madahdiir Dhowrakace

  • Dangub Dhowrakace

Samadoor Dhowrakace

  • Hassan Samadoorte

Ahmed Samadoorte

Caroole Ahmed

Bah Ina-Hassan

  • Babaanshe Caroole

  • Suubiye Caroole

  • Ayaanle Caroole

Bah Ina Suufi Kobdheer

  • Caalin Caroole(Reer Ugaas)

  • Cabsiiye Caroole

Saleban

Farah Saleebaan (Farax)

Heysow

  • Reer Warfaa

  • Bah-Abgaal

  • Saciid Ebakar

  • Reer Xirsi

  • Reer Gaafow

Maxamed Cabdi

  • Reer Warsame

  • Reer Muuse

  • Reer Caraaye

Warsame Saleebaan (Dashame)

  • Obokor

Gaabane

Maxamed

Rooble

  • Farax Rooble

Maxamed Rooble

  • Reer Ugaas

  • Cabdi (Cabdi-Gaab)

Saruur

Nabadwaa Saruur

Kubeenshe

  • Wehliye

Cali Wehliye

Faarax Cali

Cali Faarax

  • Rooble Cali

  • Jimcaale Cali

Maxamed Cali

  • Xuurshe Maxamed

  • Adan Maxamed

  • Odawaa Maxamed

  • Maxamuud Maxamed

Xuseen Nabadwaa

Birkaanle Xuseen

Ibraahim Birkaanle

Cumar Ibraahim

  • Xalane Cumar

  • Odasuge Cumar

Maxamuud Birkaanle

  • Rooble Maxamuud

  • Wacdaan Saruur

Duduble

  • Maxamed Camal

  • Maqlisame

  • Celi Waxadsame

  • Awradeen

  • Aarsade

Martiile Hiraab

  • Cimaateen Martiile

  • Wahariile Martiile

  • Dhuxul Martiile

  • Maashiye Martiile

Important members

Politics

Military leaders and personnel

  • General Daud Abdulle Hirsi, First Commander-In-Chief of the Somali National Army Forces

  • Salaad Gabeyre Kediye, Major General in the Somali Military

  • General Mohamed Nur Galaal, Frunze Trained Major General, Former Deputy Defence Minister, Chief Architect of the 1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War and the Ogaden War 1977, Commander of the 1990 Somali Rebellion in Mogadishu, Transitional National Government of Somalia Head of National Commission for Security and Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a Paramilitary Advisor, Four Time War Hero

  • Dahir Adan Elmi, Chief of Somali Armed Forces, Major General and the Commander of Qabdri-Daharre Battalion in Somalia-Ethiopian War in 1977 and awarded a Medal of Honour. He is regarded as the longest-serving General in the Somali Army

  • Abdi Hasan Awale Qeybdiid, Longest reigning Police Commissioner, dubbed Tiger Abdi in the infamous Black Hawk Down

  • Hassan Dahir Aweys, Decorated Colonel of the Ogaden War, Founder of the Islamic Courts Union

  • Ahmed Jila'ow Adow, former Director of the Somali Secret Services and a Mayor of Mogadishu in 1991

  • Mohammed Hussein Ali, Former Commissioner of the Kenya Police

  • Mohamed Ibrahim Liqliiqato, prominent military leader

Leading intellectuals

Athletes

Musicians

References