Wikipedia / List of computing and IT abbreviations
Wikipedia / List of computing and IT abbreviations
This is a list of computing and IT acronyms, initialisms and abbreviations.
0–9
0-day—Zero-day vulnerability
1GL—First-generation programming language
1NF—First normal form
10B2—10BASE-2
10B5—10BASE-5
10B-F—10BASE-F
10B-FB—10BASE-FB
10B-FL—10BASE-FL
10B-FP—10BASE-FP
10B-T—10BASE-T
100B-FX—100BASE-FX
100B-TX—100BASE-TX
100BVG—100BASE-VG
286—Intel 80286 processor
2B1Q—2 binary 1 quaternary
2FA—Two-factor authentication
2GL—Second-generation programming language
2NF—Second normal form
3DES—Triple Data Encryption Standard
3GL—Third-generation programming language
3GPP—3rd Generation Partnership Project – 3G comms
3GPP2—3rd Generation Partnership Project 2
3NF—Third normal form
386—Intel 80386 processor
486—Intel 80486 processor
4B5BLF—4-bit 5-bit local fiber
4GL—Fourth-generation programming language
4NF—Fourth normal form
5GL—Fifth-generation programming language
5NF—Fifth normal form
6NF—Sixth normal form
8B10BLF—8-bit 10-bit local fiber
802.11—wireless LAN
8D—Eight disciplines problem solving
A
A11Y—Accessibility
AAA—Authentication, authorization, and accounting
AABB—Axis-aligned bounding box
AAC—Advanced Audio Coding
AAL—ATM Adaptation Layer
AALC—ATM Adaptation Layer Connection
AARP—AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol
ABAC—Attribute-Based Access Control
ABCL—Actor-Based Concurrent Language
ABI—Application Binary Interface
ABM—Asynchronous Balanced Mode
ABR—Area Border Router
ABR—Auto Baud-Rate detection
ABR—Available Bitrate
ABR—Average Bitrate
ABR—Adaptive Bitrate (Streaming)
AC—Acoustic Coupler
AC—Alternating Current
AC—Authorization certificate
ACD—Automatic Call Distributor
ACE—Advanced Computing Environment
ACID—Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability
ACK—Acknowledgement
ACK—Amsterdam Compiler Kit
ACL—Access Control List
ACL—Active Current Loop
ACM—Association for Computing Machinery
ACME—Automated Classification of Medical Entities
ACP—Airline Control Program
ACPI—Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
ACR—Allowed Cell Rate
ACR—Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio
AD—Active Directory
AD—Administrative Domain
ADC—Analog-to-Digital Converter
ADC—Apple Display Connector
ADB—Apple Desktop Bus
ADCCP—Advanced Data Communications Control Procedures
ACE—Advanced Computing Environment
ADDS—Applied Digital Data Systems
ADO—ActiveX Data Objects
ADSL—Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
ADT—Abstract Data Type
AE—Adaptive Equalizer
AE—Authenticated encryption
AEAD—Authenticated encryption with associated data
AES—Advanced Encryption Standard
AF—Anisotropic Filtering
AFIPS—American Federation of Information Processing Societies
AFP—Apple Filing Protocol
AGI—Artificial General Intelligence
AGP—Accelerated Graphics Port
AH—Active Hub
AH—Authentication Header
AHCI—Advanced Host Controller Interface
AI—Artificial Intelligence
AIS—Automated Indicator Sharing
AIX—Advanced Interactive eXecutive
Ajax—Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
AL—Active Link
AL—Access List
ALAC—Apple Lossless Audio Codec
ALE—Annualized loss expectancy
ALGOL—Algorithmic Language
ALSA—Advanced Linux Sound Architecture
ALU—Arithmetic and Logical Unit
AM—Access Method
AM—Active Matrix
AMOLED—Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode
AMQP—Advanced Message Queuing Protocol
AM—Active Monitor
AM—Allied Mastercomputer
AM—Amplitude Modulation
AMD—Advanced Micro Devices
AMI—Amazon Machine Image
AMQP—Advanced Message Queuing Protocol
AMR—Audio Modem Riser
ANN—Artificial Neural Network
ANSI—American National Standards Institute
ANT—Another Neat Tool
AoE—ATA over Ethernet
AOP—Aspect-Oriented Programming
AOT—Ahead-Of-Time
AP—Access point
APCI—Application-Layer Protocol Control Information
APFS—Apple File System
API—Application Programming Interface
APIC—Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
APIPA—Automatic Private IP Addressing
APL—A Programming Language
APR—Apache Portable Runtime
APT—Advanced persistent threat
ARC—Adaptive Replacement Cache
ARC—Advanced RISC Computing
ARIN—American Registry for Internet Numbers
ARIS—Architecture of Integrated Information Systems
ARM—Advanced RISC Machines
ARO—Annualized rate of occurrence
AROS—AROS Research Operating System
ARP—Address Resolution Protocol
ARPA—Address and Routing Parameter Area
ARPA—Advanced Research Projects Agency
ARPANET—Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
ART—Android Runtime
AS—Access Server
ASCII—American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASG—Abstract Semantic Graph
ASK—Amplitude-shift keying
ASIC—Application-Specific Integrated Circuit
ASIMO—Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility
ASLR—Address Space Layout Randomization
ASM—Algorithmic State Machine
ASMP—Asymmetric Multiprocessing
ASN.1—Abstract Syntax Notation 1
ASP—Active Server Pages
ASP—Application Service Provider
ASR—Asynchronous Signal Routine
AST—Abstract Syntax Tree
AT—Advanced Technology
AT—Access Time
AT—Active Terminator
ATA—Advanced Technology Attachment
ATAG—Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines
ATAPI—Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface
ATM—Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATT&CK—Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge
AUP—Acceptable use policy
AuthIP—Authenticated Internet Protocol
AuthN—Authentication
AuthZ—Authorization
AV—Antivirus software
AVC—Advanced Video Coding
AVI—Audio Video Interleaved
AWK—Aho Weinberger Kernighan
AWS—Amazon Web Services
AWT—Abstract Window Toolkit
B
B2B—Business-to-Business
B2C—Business-to-Consumer
B2E—Business-to-Employee
BaaS—Backend as a service
BaaS—Banking as a service
BaaS—Blockchain as a service
BAL—Basic Assembly Language
BAM—Block Availability Map
BAN—Body area network
BAS—Building automation systems
Bash—Bourne-again shell
BASIC—Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
BBP—Baseband ProcessorCo
BBS—Bulletin Board System
BC—Business Continuity
BCC—Blind Carbon Copy
BCD—Binary Coded Decimal
BCD—Boot Configuration Data
BCNF—Boyce–Codd normal form
BCP—Best Current Practice
BCP—Business continuity planning
BCS—British Computer Society
BE—Backend
BEEP—Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol
BER—Basic Encoding Rules
BER—Bit Error Rate
BFD—Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
BFD—Binary File Descriptor
BFS—Breadth-First Search
BFT—Byzantine Fault Tolerant
BGP—Border Gateway Protocol
BI—Business Intelligence
BIA—Business impact analysis
BiDi—Bi-Directional
bin—binary
BINAC—Binary Automatic Computer
BIND—Berkeley Internet Name Domain
BIOS—Basic Input Output System
BJT—Bipolar Junction Transistor
bit—binary digit
BLISS—Bimodal Lattice Signature Scheme
Blob—Binary large object
Blog—Web Log
BMP—Basic Multilingual Plane
BNC—Baby Neill Constant
BOINC—Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing
BOM—Byte Order Mark
BOOTP—Bootstrap Protocol
BPA—Oracle Business Process Analysis (BPA) Suite
BPDU—Bridge Protocol Data Units
BPEL—Business Process Execution Language
BPL—Broadband over Power Lines
BPM—Business Process Management
BPM—Business Process Modeling
bps—bits per second
BRM—Business Reference Model
BRMS—Business Rule Management System
BRR—Business Readiness Rating
BRS—Broadband Radio Service
BSA—Business Software Alliance
BSB—Backside Bus
BSD—Berkeley Software Distribution
BSoD—Blue Screen of Death
BSS—Block Started by Symbol
BT—BitTorrent
BT—Bluetooth
B TAM—Basic Telecommunications Access Method
BURS—Bottom-up rewrite system
BW—Bandwidth
BYOD—Bring Your Own Device
Byte—By eight (group of 8 bits)
C
CA—Certificate authority
CA—Computer Associates International, Inc.
CaaS—Content as a service
CAD—Computer-aided design
CAE—Computer-aided engineering
CAID—Computer-aided industrial design
CAI—Computer-aided instruction
CAM—Computer-aided manufacturing
CAN—Campus network
CAP—Consistency availability partition tolerance (theorem)
CAPA—Corrective and preventive actiont
CAPI—Cryptographic Application Programming Interface
CAPTCHA—Completely automated public Turing test to tell computers and humans apart
CAQ—Computer-aided quality assurance
CASB—Cloud access security broker
CASE—Computer-aided software engineering
CAT—Computer-aided translation
Cat—Category rating
CBC—Cipher block chaining
CBC-MAC—Cipher block chaining message authentication code
CBPRNG—Counter-based pseudo-random number generator
CBRNG—Counter-based random number generator
cc—C compiler
CC—Carbon copy
CC—Creative Commons
CCE—Common Configuration Enumeration
CCM—Central control module
CCM—Cloud Controls Matrix
CCM—Combined Cipher Machine
CCMP—CCM mode Protocol
CCTV—Closed-circuit television
CCX—Cisco Compatible eXtensions
CD—Compact Disc
CDE—Common Desktop Environment
CDMA—Code-division multiple access
CDN—Content delivery network
CDP—Cisco Discovery Protocol
CDP—Continuous data protection
CD-R—CD-Recordable
CD-ROM—CD Read-Only Memory
CD-RW—CD-Rewritable
CDSA—Common Data Security Architecture
CEI—Comparably efficient interconnection
CER—Canonical Encoding Rules
CERT—Computer emergency response team
CES—Consumer Electronics Show
CF—Compact Flash
CFB—Cipher feedback
CFD—Computational fluid dynamics
CFF—Compact Font Format
CFG—Context-free grammar
CFG—Control-flow graph
CG—Computer graphics
CGA—Color graphics array
CGI—Common Gateway Interface
CGI—Computer-generated imagery
CGT—Computational Graph Theory
CHAP—Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol
CHRP—Common Hardware Reference Platform
CHS—Cylinder–head–sector
CI/CD—Continuous integration (CI) and continuous delivery (CD)
CICS—Customer Information Control System
CIDR—Classless inter-domain routing
CIFS—Common Internet Filesystem
CIM—Common Information Model
CIO—Chief information officer
CIP—Critical infrastructure protection
CIR—Committed information rate
CIS—Center for Internet Security
CIS—Centre for Internet and Society (India)
CIS—Computer and information science
CIS—Comodo Internet Security
CIS—Contact image sensor
CIS—Continuous ink system
CISA—Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
CISC—Complex-instruction-set computer
CISO—Chief information security officer
CIT—Center for Information Technology
CIT—Computer Information Technology
CJK—Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
CJKV—Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese
CLI—Command line interface
CLR—Common Language Runtime
CM—Configuration management
CM—Content management
CMDB—Configuration management database
CMM—Capability Maturity Model
CMMI—Capability Maturity Model Integration
CMOS—Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor
CMS—Content management system
CN—Canonical Name
CN—Common Name
CNC—Computerized numerical control
CNG—Cryptographic Next Generation
CNR—Communications and Networking Riser
CNRI—Corporation for National Research Initiatives
Coax—Coaxial cabling
COBOL—Common Business-Oriented Language
COM—Component Object Model or communication
ConfigMgr—Microsoft Configuration Manager
COOP—Continuity of Operations
COPE—Corporate-owned, personally enabled
CORBA—Common Object Request Broker Architecture
CORS—Cross-origin resource sharing
COTS—Commercial off-the-shelf
CPA—Cell processor architecture
CPAN—Comprehensive Perl Archive Network
CP/CMS—Control Program/Cambridge Monitor System
CPF—Control Program Facility
CP/M—Control Program/Monitor
CPRI—Common Public Radio Interface
CPS—Characters per second
CPU—Central processing unit
CQS—Command–query separation
CQRS—Command Query Responsibility Segregation
CR—Carriage return
CRAN—Comprehensive R Archive Network
CRC—Cyclic redundancy check
CRL—Certificate revocation list
CRLF—Carriage return line feed
CRM—Customer Relationship Management
CRS—Computer Reservations System
CRT—Cathode-ray tube
CRUD—Create, read, update, and delete
CS—Cable Select
CS—Computer science
CSA—Cloud Security Alliance
CSE—Computer science and engineering
CSF—Cybersecurity Framework
CSi—CompuServe
CSI—Common System Interface
CSM—Compatibility support module
CSMA/CD—Carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection
CSO—Chief security officer
CSP—Cloud service provider
CSP—Communicating sequential processes
CSP—Cryptographic Service Provider
CSPRNG—Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
CSR—Certificate signing request
CSRF—Cross-site request forgery
CSS—Cascading style sheets
CSS—Content-scrambling system
CSS—Closed-source software
CSU—Channel service unit
CSV—Comma-separated values
CT—Computerized tomography
cTAKES—clinical Text Analysis and Knowledge Extraction System
CTAN—Comprehensive TeX Archive Network
CTCP—Client-to-client protocol
CTI—Computer telephony integration
CTFE—Compile-time function execution
CTL—Computation tree logic
CTM—Close To Metal
CTR—Counter mode
CTS—Clear to send
CTSS—Compatible Time-Sharing System
CUA—Common User Access
CVC—Card Verifiable Certificate
CVE—Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
CVS—Concurrent Versions System
CVSS—Common Vulnerability Scoring System
CX—Customer experience
D
DAC—Digital-to-analog converter
DAC—Discretionary access control
DAL—Database Abstraction Layer
DAO—Data Access Object
DAO—Data Access Objects
DAO—Disk-At-Once
DAP—Directory Access Protocol
DARPA—Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
DAS—Direct Attached Storage
DAT—Digital Audio Tape
DB—Database
DSKT—DesktopDRM
DBA—Database AdministratorDV
DBCS—Double Byte Character Set
DBMS—Database Management System
DCC—Direct Client-to-Client
DCCP—Datagram Congestion Control Protocol
DCCA—Debian Common Core Alliance
DCL—Data Control Language
DCS—Distributed Control System
DCMI—Dublin Core Metadata Initiative
DCOM—Distributed Component Object Model
DD—Double Density
DDE—Dynamic Data Exchange
DDL—Data Definition Language
DDoS—Distributed Denial of Service
DE—Desktop environment
DDR—Double Data Rate
DEC—Digital Equipment Corporation
DEP—Data Execution Prevention
DER—Distinguished Encoding Rules
DES—Data Encryption Standard
dev—development
DFA—Deterministic Finite Automaton
DFD—Data Flow Diagram
DFS—Depth-First Search
DFS—Distributed File System
DGD—Dworkin's Game Driver
DH—Diffie–Hellman
DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHTML—Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language
DIF—Data Integrity Field
DIMM—Dual Inline Memory Module
DIN—Deutsches Institut für Normung
DIP—Dual In-line Package
DIP—Dependency inversion principle (in the context of SOLID principles)
DISM—Deployment Image and Service Management Tool
DIVX—Digital Video Express
DKIM—DomainKeys Identified Mail
DL—Download
DLL—Dynamic-link library
DLNA—Digital Living Network Alliance
DLP—Data loss prevention
DMA—Direct Memory Access
DMARC—Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance
DMCA—Digital Millennium Copyright Act
DMI—Direct Media Interface
DML—Data Manipulation Language
DML—Definitive Media Library
DMR—Dennis M. Ritchie
DMZ—Demilitarized Zone
DN—Distinguished Name
DNAT—Destination network address translation
DND—Drag-and-Drop
DNP3—Distributed Network Protocol 3
DNS—Domain Name System
DNSBL—Domain Name System blocklist
DNSSEC—Domain Name System Security Extensions
DOA—Dead on Arrival
DOCSIS—Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
DoH—DNS over HTTPS
DOM—Document Object Model
DORA—Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge
DoS—Denial of Service
DOS—Disk Operating System
DoT—DNS over TLS
DP—Dot Pitch
DPC—Deferred Procedure Call
DPI—Deep packet inspection
DPI—Dots per inch
DPMI—DOS Protected Mode Interface
DPMS—Display Power Management Signaling
DPO—Data Protection Officer or Data Privacy Officer
DR—Disaster Recovery
DRAM—Dynamic Random-Access Memory
DRBG—Deterministic random bit generator
DR-DOS—Digital Research – Disk Operating System
DRI—Direct Rendering Infrastructure
DRM—Digital rights management
DRM—Direct rendering manager
DRP—Disaster recovery plan
DSA—Digital Signature Algorithm
DSCP—Differentiated services code point
DSDL—Document Schema Definition Languages
DSDM—Dynamic Systems Development Method
DSL—Digital Subscriber Line
DSL—Domain-Specific Language
DSLAM—Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
DSN—Database Source Name
DSN—Data Set Name
DSP—Digital Signal Processor
DSRC—Dedicated short-range communications
DSS—Digital Signature Standard
DSSS—Direct-sequence spread spectrum
DSSSL—Document Style Semantics and Specification Language
DTD—Document Type Definition
DTE—Data Terminal Equipment or data transfer rate
DTLS—Datagram Transport Layer Security
DTO—Data Transfer Object
DTP—Desktop Publishing
DTR—Data Terminal Ready or Data transfer rate
DTSTTCPW—"do the simplest thing that could possibly work"
Dual_EC_DRBG—Dual Elliptic Curve Deterministic Random Bit Generator
DV—Domain-validated certificate
DVD—Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc
DVD-R—DVD-Recordable
DVD-ROM—DVD-Read-Only Memory
DVD-RW—DVD-Rewritable
DVI—Digital Visual Interface
DVR—Digital Video Recorder
DW—Data Warehouse
DXVA—DirectX Video Acceleration
E
EAAF—Enterprise Architecture Assessment Framework
EAI—Enterprise Application Integration
EAP—Extensible Authentication Protocol
EAP-AKA—EAP Authentication and Key Agreement
EAP-AKA'—EAP Authentication and Key Agreement prime
EAP-EKE—EAP Encrypted Key Exchange
EAP-FAST—EAP Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling
EAP-GTC—EAP Generic Token Card
EAP-IKEv2—EAP Internet Key Exchange v. 2
EAP-MD5—EAP Message Digest 5
EAP-NOOB—Nimble out-of-band authentication for EAP
EAP-POTP—EAP Protected One-Time Password
EAP-PSK—EAP Pre-Shared Key
EAP-PWD—EAP Password
EAP-SIM—EAP Subscriber Identity Module
EAP-TLS—EAP Transport Layer Security
EAP-TTLS—EAP Tunneled Transport Layer Security
EAS—Exchange ActiveSync
EBCDIC—Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
EBML—Extensible Binary Meta Language
EBS—Elastic Block Store
ebXML—Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language
EC2—Elastic Compute Cloud
ECB—Electronic codebook
ECC—Elliptic-curve cryptography
ECDH—Elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman
ECDHE—Elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman Ephemeral
ECDSA—Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
ECMA—European Computer Manufacturers Association
ECN—Explicit Congestion Notification
ECOS—Embedded Configurable Operating System
ECRS—Expense and Cost Recovery System
ECS—Entity-Component-System
ECU—Electronic control unit
EDA—Electronic Design Automation
EDGE—Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
EDI—Electronic Data Interchange
EDO—Extended Data Out
EDR—Endpoint detection and response
EDSAC—Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator
EDVAC—Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
EEPROM—Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
EF—Exposure factor
EFF—Electronic Frontier Foundation
EFI—Extensible Firmware Interface
EFM—Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation
EFM—Ethernet in the first mile
EFS—Encrypting File System
EGA—Enhanced Graphics Array
E-mail—Electronic mail
EGP—Exterior Gateway Protocol
eID—electronic ID card
EIDE—Enhanced IDE
EIGRP—Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
EISA—Extended Industry Standard Architecture
EJBCA—Enterprise JavaBeans Certificate Authority
EKE—Encrypted key exchange
ELF—Extremely Low Frequency
ELF—Executable and Linkable Format
ELM—ELectronic Mail
EMACS—Editor MACroS
EMCC—Eckert–Mauchly Computer Corporation
EMI—Electromagnetic interference
EMM—Enterprise mobility management
EMS—Expanded Memory Specification
ENIAC—Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer
EOF—End of File
EOL—End of Life
EOL—End of Line
EOM—End of Message
EOS—End of Support
EPC—Electronic Product Code
EPC—Evolved Packet Core
EPIC—Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing
EPP—Endpoint protection platform
EPROM—Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
ERD—Entity–Relationship Diagram
ERGS—Electronic Route Guidance System
ERM—Entity–Relationship Model
ERP—Enterprise Resource Planning
ESB—Enterprise service bus
ESCON—Enterprise Systems Connection
ESD—Electrostatic Discharge
ESI—Electronically Stored Information
ESN—Electronic serial number
ESP—Encapsulating Security Payload
ESR—Eric Steven Raymond
ESS—Extended service set
ETDR—Endpoint threat detection and response
ETL—Extract, Transform, Load
EtM—Encrypt-then-MAC
E&M—Encrypt-and-MAC
ETW—Event Tracing for Windows
EUC—Extended Unix Code
EULA—End User License Agreement
EWMH—Extended Window Manager Hints
EXT—EXTended file system
ETA—Estimated Time of Arrival
EV—Extended Validation Certificate
F
FAP—FORTRAN Assembly Program
FASM—Flat ASseMbler
FAST—Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling
FAT—File Allocation Table
FAQ—Frequently Asked Questions
FBDIMM—Fully Buffered Dual Inline Memory Module
FC-AL—Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop
FCB—File Control Block
FCS—Frame Check Sequence
FDC—Floppy-Disk Controller
FDD—Frequency-Division Duplexing
FDD—Floppy Disk Drive
FDE—Full disk encryption
FDDI—Fiber Distributed Data Interface
FDM—Frequency-Division Multiplexing
FDMA—Frequency-Division Multiple Access
FDS—Fedora Directory Server
FE—Frontend
FEC—Forward Error Correction
FEMB—Front-End Motherboard
FET—Field Effect Transistor
FEXT—Far-end crosstalk
FHS—Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
FHSS—Frequency-hopping spread spectrum
FICON—FIber CONnectivity
FIFO—First In First Out
FIM—File integrity monitoring
FIPS—Federal Information Processing Standards
FIRST—Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams
FISMA—Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002
FL—Function Level
FLAC—Free Lossless Audio Codec
FLOPS—FLoating-Point Operations Per Second
FLOSS—Free/Libre/Open-Source Software
FMC—Fixed Mobile Convergence "Mobile UC or Unified Communications over Wireless"
FNV—Fowler–Noll–Vo
FOLDOC—Free On-line Dictionary of Computing
FORTRAN—Formula Translation
FOSDEM—Free and Open-source Software Developers' European Meeting
FOSI—Formatted Output Specification Instance
FOSS—Free and Open-Source Software
FP—Function Programming
FP—Functional Programming
FPGA—Field-programmable gate array
FPS—Floating Point Systems
FPU—Floating-Point Unit
FRR—False Rejection Rate
FRU—Field-Replaceable Unit
FS—File System
FS—Forward secrecy
FSB—Front-Side Bus
fsck—File System Check
FSF—Free Software Foundation
FSM—Finite State Machine
FTP—File Transfer Protocol
FTPS—FTP-SSL or FTP Secure
FTTC—Fiber To The Curb
FTTH—Fiber To The Home
FTTP—Fiber To The Premises
FQDN—Fully Qualified Domain Name
FUD—Fear Uncertainty Doubt
FWS—Folding White Space
FXP—File eXchange Protocol
FYI—For Your Information
G
G11N—Globalization
GADS—Gateway Algorithms and Data Structures
Gas—GNU Assembler
Gb—Gigabit
GB—Gigabyte
Gbps—Gigabits per second
GC—Garbage collection
GCC—GNU Compiler Collection
GCJ—GNU Compiler for Java
GCM—Galois/Counter Mode
GCP—Google Cloud Platform
GCR—Group Coded Recording
GDB—GNU Debugger
GDI—Graphics Device Interface
GDPR—General Data Protection Regulation
GEM—Graphics Environment Manager
GFDL—GNU Free Documentation License
GIF—Graphics Interchange Format
GIGO—Garbage In, Garbage Out
GIMP—GNU Image Manipulation Program
GIMPS—Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search
GIS—Geographic Information System
GLUT—OpenGL Utility Toolkit
GML—Geography Markup Language
GNOME—GNU Network Object Model Environment
GNU—GNU's Not Unix
GnuPG or GNU—GNU Privacy Guard
GnuTLS—GNU Transport Layer Security
GOMS—Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules
GPASM—GNU PIC ASseMbler
GPFS—General Parallel File System
GPG—GNU Privacy Guard
GPGPU—General-Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units
GPIB—General-Purpose Instrumentation Bus
GPL—General Public License
GPL—General-Purpose Language
GPO—Group Policy Object
GPRS—General Packet Radio Service
GPT—GUID Partition Table
GPU—Graphics Processing Unit
GRASP—General Responsibility Assignment Software Patterns
GRE—Generic routing encapsulation
GRUB—Grand Unified Boot-Loader
GERAN—GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
GSM—Global System for Mobile Communications
GTC—Generic Token Card
GTK/GTK+—GIMP Toolkit
GUI—Graphical user interface
GUID—Globally Unique IDentifier
GWT—Google Web Toolkit
H
HA—High availability
HAL—Hardware Abstraction Layer
HAN—Home network
HASP—Houston Automatic Spooling Priority
HBA—Host Bus Adapter
HCI—Human—Computer Interaction
HD—High Density
HDD—Hard Disk Drive
HCL—Hardware Compatibility List
HD DVD—High Definition DVD
HDL—Hardware Description Language
HDMI—High-Definition Multimedia Interface
HECI—Host Embedded Controller Interface
HF—High Frequency
HFS—Hierarchical File System
HHD—Hybrid Hard Drive
HID—Human Interface Device
HIDS—Host-based intrusion detection system
HIG—Human Interface Guidelines
HIPS—Host-based intrusion prevention system
HIRD—Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth
HLASM—High Level ASseMbler
HLR—Home location register
HLS—HTTP Live Streaming
HMA—High Memory Area
HMAC—Hash-based message authentication code
HMI—Human–machine interface
HOTP—HMAC-based one-time password
HP—Hewlett-Packard
HPC—High-Performance Computing
HPFS—High Performance File System
HSDPA—High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
HTC—High-Throughput Computing
HSM—Hardware security module
HSM—Hierarchical storage management
HT—Hyper Threading
HTM—Hierarchical Temporal Memory
HTML—Hypertext Markup Language
HTTP—Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTPd—Hypertext Transport Protocol Daemon
HTTPS—HTTP Secure
HTX—HyperTransport eXpansion
HURD—Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons
HVD—Holographic Versatile Disc
Hz—Hertz
I
I²C—Inter-Integrated Circuit
I²S—Integrated Interchip Sound
I18N—Internationalization
IaaS—Infrastructure as a Service
IAB—Internet Architecture Board
IaC—Infrastructure as Code
IAM—Identity and access management
IANA—Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
iBCS—Intel Binary Compatibility Standard
IBM—International Business Machines
IBSS—Independent basic service set
IC—Integrated Circuit
ICANN—Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
ICE—In-Circuit Emulator
ICE—Intrusion Countermeasure Electronics
ICH—I/O Controller Hub
ICL—International Computers Limited
ICMP—Internet Control Message Protocol
ICP—Internet Cache Protocol
ICS—Industrial control system
ICS—Internet Connection Sharing
ICT—Information and Communication Technology
IDE—Integrated Development Environment
IDE—Integrated Drive Electronics
IDEA—International Data Encryption Algorithm
IDF—Intermediate Data Format
IDF—Intermediate Distribution Frame
IDL—Interactive Data Language
IDL—Interface Definition Language
IDN—Internationalized domain name
IdP—Identity provider (cybersecurity)
IDPS—Intrusion detection and prevention system
IDS—Intrusion Detection System
IE—Internet Explorer
IEC—International Electrotechnical Commission
IED—Intelligent electronic device
IEEE—Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEN—Internet Experiment Note
IETF—Internet Engineering Task Force
IFL—Integrated Facility for Linux
IGMP—Internet Group Management Protocol
IGRP—Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
IHV—Independent Hardware Vendor
IIOP—Internet Inter-Orb Protocol
IIoT—Industrial internet of things
IIS—Internet Information Services
IKE—Internet Key Exchange
IL—Intermediate Language
IM—Instant Message or Instant Messaging
IMAP—Internet Message Access Protocol
IME—Input Method Editor
INN—InterNetNews
INFOSEC—Information Systems Security
I/O—Input/output
IoT—Internet of things
IoC—Indicator of compromise
IoC—Inversion of control
IP—Intellectual Property
IP—Internet Protocol
IPAM—IP Address Management
IPC—Inter-Process Communication
IPL—Initial Program Load
IPMI—Intelligent Platform Management Interface
IPO—Inter Procedural Optimization
IPP—Internet Printing Protocol
IPS—In-Plane Switching
IPS—Instructions Per Second
IPS—Intrusion Prevention System
IPSJ—Information Processing Society of Japan
IPsec—Internet Protocol Security
IPTV—Internet Protocol Television
IPv4—Internet Protocol version 4
IPv6—Internet Protocol version 6
IPX—Internetwork Packet Exchange
IR—Intermediate representation
IRC—Internet Relay Chat
IrDA—Infrared Data Association
IRE—Institute of Radio Engineers
IRI—Internationalized Resource Identifier
IRP—I/O Request Packet
IRQ—Interrupt Request
IRT—Incident response team
IS—Information Systems
IS-IS—Intermediate System to Intermediate System
ISA—Industry Standard Architecture
ISA—Instruction Set Architecture
ISAC—Information Sharing and Analysis Center
ISAKMP—Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol
ISAM—Indexed Sequential Access Method
ISAP—Information Security Automation Program
ISATAP—Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol
ISC—Internet Storm Center
iSCSI—Internet Small Computer System Interface
ISDN—Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO—International Organization for Standardization
ISOC—Information security operations center
ISOC—Internet Society
iSNS—Internet Storage Name Service
ISP—Internet Service Provider
ISP—Interface segregation principle (in the context of SOLID principles)
ISPF—Interactive System Productivity Facility
ISR—Interrupt Service Routine
ISRG—Internet Security Research Group
ISSA—Information Systems Security Association
ISV—Independent Software Vendor
IT—Information Technology
ITIL—Information Technology Infrastructure Library
ITL—Interval Temporal Logic
ITS—Intelligent transportation system
ITU—International Telecommunication Union
ITU-T—International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector
IV—Initialization vector
IVR(S)—Interactive Voice Response (System)
J
J2EE—Java 2 Enterprise Edition
J2ME—Java 2 Micro Edition
J2SE—Java 2 Standard Edition
JAAS—Java Authentication and Authorization Service
JATS—Journal Article Tag Suite
JAXB—Java Architecture for XML Binding
JAX-RPC—Jakarta XML (formerly Java XML) for Remote Procedure Calls
JAXP—Java API for XML Processing
JBOD—Just a Bunch of Disks
JCE Java Cryptography Extension
JCL—Job Control Language
JCP—Java Community Process
JDBC—Java Database Connectivity
JDK—Java Development Kit
JEE—Java Enterprise Edition
JES—Job Entry Subsystem
JDS—Java Desktop System
JFC—Java Foundation Classes
JFET—Junction Field-Effect Transistor
JFS—IBM Journaling File System
JINI—Jini Is Not Initials
JIT—Just-In-Time
JME—Java Micro Edition
JMX—Java Management Extensions
JMS—Java Message Service
JNDI—Java Naming and Directory Interface
JNI—Java Native Interface
JNZ—Jump non-zero
JPEG—Joint Photographic Experts Group
JRE—Java Runtime Environment
JS—JavaScript
JSE—Java Standard Edition
JSON—JavaScript Object Notation
JSP—Jackson Structured Programming
JSP—JavaServer Pages
JTAG—Joint Test Action Group
JVM—Java Virtual Machine
JWE—JSON Web Encryption
JWS—JSON Web Signature
JWT—JSON Web Token
K
K&R—Kernighan and Ritchie
K8s—Kubernetes
Kb—Kilobit
KB—Keyboard
KB—Kilobyte
KB—Knowledge Base
Kbps—Kilobits per second
KC—Keyboard computer
KDC—Key distribution center
KDE—K Desktop Environment
KDF—Key derivation function
KEK—Key encryption key
kHz—Kilohertz
KiB—Kibibyte
KINK—Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys
KML—Keyhole Markup Language
KMS—Kernal Mode Setting
KMS—Key Management Server
KMS—Knowledge Management System
KPOP—Kerberized Post Office Protocol
KRACK—Key Reinstallation Attack
KPK—Key production key
KRL—Knowledge Representation Language
KVM—Keyboard, Video, Mouse
L
L10N—Localization
L2TP—Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
LACP—Link Aggregation Control Protocol
LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL Perl
LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL PHP
LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL Python
LAN—Local Area Network
LATA—Local Access and Transport Area
LBA—Logical Block Addressing
LB—Load Balancer
LBAC—Lattice-based access control
LCD—Liquid Crystal Display
LCDP—Low-code development platform
LCOS—Liquid Crystal On Silicon
LCR—Least Cost Routing
LDAP—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
LE—Logical Extents
LEAP—Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol
LED—Light-emitting diode
LF—Line Feed
LF—Low Frequency
LFI—Local file inclusion
LFS—Linux From Scratch
LGA—Land Grid Array
LGPL—Lesser General Public License
LIB—LIBrary
LIF—Low Insertion Force
LIFO—Last In First Out
LILO—Linux Loader
LISP—LISt Processing
LKML—Linux Kernel Mailing List
LLC—Logical link control
LM—Lan Manager
LOC—Lines of Code
LPC—Lars Pensjö C
LPI—Linux Professional Institute
LPT Line Print Terminal
LRU—Least Recently Used
LSB—Least Significant Bit
LSB—Linux Standard Base
LSI—Large-Scale Integration
LSP—Liskov substitution principle
LTE—Long-Term Evolution
LTL—Linear Temporal Logic
LTR—Left-to-Right
LTS—Long-term support
LUG—Linux User Group
LUN—Logical Unit Number
LV—Logical Volume
LVD—Low Voltage Differential
LVM—Logical Volume Management
LZW—Lempel-Ziv-Welch
M
MaaS—Mobility as a service
MaaS—Monitoring as a service
MAAWG—Messaging Anti-Abuse Working Group
MAC—Mandatory access control
MAC—Medium access control
MAC—Message authentication code
MANET—Mobile Ad-Hoc Network
MAN—Metropolitan Area Network
MAPI—Messaging Application Programming Interface
MAPS—Mail Abuse Prevention System
MAU—Media access unit
MAU—Medium Attachment Unit
Mb—Megabit
MB—Megabyte
MBCS—Multi Byte Character Set
MBD—Model-Based Design
Mbps—Megabits per second
MBR—Master Boot Record
MBSS—Mesh basic service set
MCA—Micro Channel Architecture
MCA—Microsoft Certified Architect
MCAD—Microsoft Certified Application Developer
MCAS—Microsoft Certified Application Specialist
MCC or MVCC—Multiversion concurrency control
MCDBA—Microsoft Certified DataBase Administrator
MCDST—Microsoft Certified Desktop Support Technician
MCITP—Microsoft Certified Information Technology Professional
MCM—Microsoft Certified Master
MCP—Microsoft Certified Professional
MCPD—Microsoft Certified Professional Developer
MCSA—Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator
MCSD—Microsoft Certified Solution Developer
MCSE—Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer
MCT—Microsoft Certified Trainer
MCTS—Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist
MDA—Monochrome Display Adapter
MDA—Mail Delivery Agent
MDA—Model-Driven Architecture
MDD/MDSD—Model-Driven (Software) Development
MDF—Main Distribution Frame
MDI—Multiple-Document Interface
MDM—Master data management
MDM—Mobile device management
ME—Microsoft Edge
ME—[Windows] Millennium Edition
MF—Medium Frequency
MFA—Multi-factor authentication
MFC—Microsoft Foundation Classes
MFD—Multi-function device
MFJ—Modification of Final Judgment
MFM—Modified Frequency Modulation
MFP—Multi-function printer
MFT—Master File Table
MGCP—Media Gateway Control Protocol
MHz—Megahertz
MIB—Management Information Base
MIC—Message integrity code
MICKEY—Mutual Irregular Clocking KEYstream generator
MICR—Magnetic Ink Character Recognition or Magnetic Ink Character Reader
MIDI—Musical Instrument Digital Interface
MIMD—Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data
MIME—Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
MIMO—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
MINIX—MIni-uNIX
MIPS—Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages
MIPS—Million Instructions Per Second
MISD—Multiple Instruction, Single Data
MIS—Management Information Systems
MIT—Massachusetts Institute of Technology
ML—Machine Learning
MMC—Microsoft Management Console
MMC—MultiMediaCard
MMDS—Mortality Medical Data System
MMDS—Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service
MMF—Multi-Mode (optical) Fiber
MM fonts—Multiple master fonts
MMIO—Memory-Mapped I/O
MMI—Man Machine Interface
MMF—Multi-mode fiber
MMORPG—Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game
MMS—Multimedia Message Service
MMU—Memory Management Unit
MMX—Multi-Media Extensions
MNG—Multiple-image Network Graphics
MoBo—Motherboard
MOM—Message-Oriented Middleware
MOO—MUD Object Oriented
MOP—Meta-Object Protocol
MOSFET—Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
MOS—Microsoft Office Specialist
MOTD—Message Of The Day
MoU—Memorandum of understanding
MOUS—Microsoft Office User Specialist
MOV—Apple QuickTime Multimedia File
MPAA—Motion Picture Association of America
MPEG—Motion Pictures Experts Group
MPLS—Multiprotocol Label Switching
MPL—Mozilla Public License
MPU—Microprocessor Unit
MQTT—Message Queues Telemetry Transport
MS—Memory Stick
MS—Microsoft
MSA—Master service agreement
MSA—Message submission agent
MSB—Most Significant Bit
MS-CHAP—Microsoft version of the Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol
MSDN—Microsoft Developer Network
MS-DOS—Microsoft Disk Operating System
MSI—Medium-Scale Integration
MSI—Message Signaled Interrupt
MSI—Microsoft Installer
MSMQ—Microsoft Message Queuing
MSN—Microsoft Network
MSP—Managed service provider
MSS—Managed security service
MSSP—Managed security service provider
MT—Machine Translation
MTA—Mail Transfer Agent
MTA—Microsoft Technology Associate
MTBF—Mean time between failures
MtE—MAC-then-Encrypt
MTS—Michigan Terminal System
MTTF—Mean time to failure
MTTR—Mean time to repair
MTU—Maximum Transmission Unit
MU—Memory Unit
MUA—Mail User Agent
MUD—Multi-User Dungeon
MVC—Model-View-Controller
MVP—Most Valuable Professional
MVS—Multiple Virtual Storage
MWC—Mobile World Congress
MWN—Municipal wireless network
MXF—Material Exchange Format
MX—Mail exchange
N
NAC—Network access control
NACK—Negative ACKnowledgement
NAIC—National Infrastructure Advisory Council
NAK—Negative AcKnowledge Character
NaN—Not a Number
NAP—Network Access Protection
NAPT—Network address and port translation
NAS—Network access server
NAS—Network-attached storage
NASL—Nessus Attack Scripting Language
NASM—Netwide ASseMbler
NAT—Network address translation
NAT-T—Network address translator traversal
NBO—Northbound interface
NCDP—No-code development platform
NCP—NetWare Core Protocol
NCQ—Native Command Queuing
NCR—National Cash Register
NCSA—National Center for Supercomputing Applications
NDIS—Network Driver Interface Specification
NDP—Neighbor Discovery Protocol
NDPS—Novell Distributed Print Services
NDS—Novell Der irectory Services
NEP—Network Equipment Provider
NetBIOS—Network Basic Input/Output System
NetBT—NetBIOS over TCP/IP
NEXT—Near-end crosstalk
NFA—Nondeterministic Finite Automaton
NFC—Near-field communication
NFS—Network File System
NGFW—Next-generation firewall
NGSCB—Next-Generation Secure Computing Base
NI—National Instruments
NIC—Network Interface Controller or Network Interface Card
NIDS—Network intrusion detection systems
NII—National Information Infrastructure
NIM—No Internal Message
NIO—Non-blocking I/O
NIPS—Network-based intrusion prevention system
NIST—National Institute of Standards and Technology
NLE—Non-Linear Editing system
NLP—Natural Language Processing
NLS—Native Language Support
NMI—Non-Maskable Interrupt
NNRP—Network News Reader Protocol
NNTP—Network News Transfer Protocol
NOC—Network Operations Center
NOOB—Nibble out-of-band authentication
NOP—No OPeration
NOS—Network Operating System
NP—Nondeterministic Polynomial time
NPL—Netscape Public License
NPPD—National Protection and Programs Directorate
NPTL—Native POSIX Thread Library
NPU—Network Processing Unit
NS—Netscape
NSIS—Nullsoft Scriptable Install System
NSN—Network service name
NSPR—Netscape Portable Runtime
NSS—Novell Storage Service
NSS—Network Security Services
NSS—Name Service Switch
NT—New Technology
NTFS—New Technology File System
NTLM—New Technology LAN Manager
NTP—Network Time Protocol
NUMA—Non-Uniform Memory Access
NURBS—Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline
NVD—National Vulnerability Database
NVMe—NVM Express
NVR—Network Video Recorder
NVRAM—Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory
NX—No-execute
O
OASIS—Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards
OAS—Oracle Advanced Security
OAT—Operational Acceptance Testing
OAuth—Open Authorization
OBSAI—Open Base Station Architecture Initiative
OCR—Optical Character Recognition
OCSP—Online Certificate Status Protocol
OCP—Open–closed principle
ODBC—Open Database Connectivity
OEM—Original Equipment Manufacturer
OES—Open Enterprise Server
OFDM—Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
OFTC—Open and Free Technology Community
OFX—Open Financial eXchange
OID—Object Identifier
OKV—Oracle Key Vault
OLAP—Online Analytical Processing
OLE—Object Linking and Embedding
OLED—Organic light-emitting diode
OLPC—One Laptop per Child
OLTP—Online Transaction Processing
OMF—Object Module Format
OMG—Object Management Group
OMR—Optical Mark Reader
OMTP—Open Mobile Terminal Platform
ONS—Oracle Net Services
ONT—Optical network terminal
ooRexx—Open Object Rexx
OO—Object-Oriented
OO—OpenOffice
OOE—Out-of-Order Execution
OOM—Out Of Memory
OOo—OpenOffice.org
OoOE—Out-of-Order Execution
OOP—Object-Oriented Programming
OOTB—Out of the box
OPML—Outline Processor Markup Language
ORB—Object Request Broker
ORBS—Open Relay Behavior-modification System
ORM—Object–Relational Mapping
OS—Open Source
OS—Operating System
OSCON—O'Reilly Open Source CONvention
OSDN—Open Source Development Network
OSI—Open Source Initiative
OSI—Open Systems Interconnection
OSINT—Open source intelligence
OSPF—Open Shortest Path First
OSS—Open Sound System
OSS—Open-source software
OSS—Operations Support System
OSSTMM—Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual
OSTG—Open Source Technology Group
OT—Operational technology
OTP—One-time password
OUI—Organizationally Unique Identifier
OV—Organization validation
OVAL—Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language
OWASP—Open Worldwide Application Security Project
OWE—Opportunistic Wireless Encryption
P
P2P—Peer-To-Peer
PaaS—Platform as a Service
PAC—Proxy auto-config
PAM—Pluggable Authentication Module
PAM—Privileged Access Management
PAN—Personal Area Network
PAP—Password Authentication Protocol
PARC—Palo Alto Research Center
PAPR—Power Architecture Platform Reference
PAT—Port address translation
PATA—Parallel ATA
PBKDF2—Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2
PBS—Portable Batch System
PBX—Private branch exchange
PC—Personal Computer
pcap—packet capture
PCB—Printed Circuit Board
PCB—Process Control Block
PC DOS—Personal Computer Disc Operating System
PCI—Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCI DSS—Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard
PCIe—PCI Express
PCI-X—PCI Extended
PCL—Printer Command Language
PCMCIA—Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PCM—Pulse-Code Modulation
PCRE—Perl Compatible Regular Expressions
PD—Public Domain
PDA—Personal Digital Assistant
PDF—Portable Document Format
PDH—Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PDP—Programmed Data Processor
PDU—Power distribution unit
PDU—Protocol data unit
PE—Physical Extents
PE—Portable Executable
PEAP—Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol
PEM—Privacy-Enhanced Mail
PERL—Practical Extraction and Reporting Language
PERMIS—PrivilEge and Role Management Infrastructure Standards
PES—Proposed Encryption Standard
PFS—Perfect forward secrecy
PG—Peripheral Gateway
PGA—Pin Grid Array
PGA—Programmable Gate Array
PGO—Profile-Guided Optimization
PGP—Pretty Good Privacy
PHIPA—Personal Health Information Protection Act
PHP—Hypertext Preprocessor
PHR—Personal health record
PHY—Physical layer
PIC—Peripheral Interface Controller
PIC—Programmable Interrupt Controller
PID—Proportional-Integral-Derivative
PID—Process ID
PII—Personally identifiable information
PIM—Personal Information Manager
PINE—Program for Internet News and Email
PING—Packet Internet Gopher
PIO—Programmed Input/Output
PIPEDA—Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act
PIR—Public Interest Registry
PIV—FIPS 201
Pixel—Picture element
PKCS—Public Key Cryptography Standards
PKI—Public Key Infrastructure
PLC—Power-Line Communication
PLC—Programmable logic controller
PLD—Programmable logic device
PL/I—Programming Language One
PL/M—Programming Language for Microcomputers
PL/P—Programming Language for Prime
PLT—Power-Line Telecommunications
PMM—POST Memory Manager
PNAC—Port-based network access control
PNA—Personal Navigation Assistant
PNG—Portable Network Graphics
PnP—Plug-and-Play
PNRP—Peer Name Resolution Protocol
POCE—Personally owned, company enabled
POCO—Plain Old Class Object
PoE—Power over Ethernet
POID—Persistent Object Identifier
POJO—Plain Old Java Object
POODLE—Padding Oracle On Downgraded Legacy Encryption
PoP—Point of Presence
POP3—Post Office Protocol v3
PoS—Point of Sale
POSIX—Portable Operating System Interface, formerly IEEE-IX
POST—Power-On Self Test
POTP—Protected One-Time Password
POTS—Plain old telephone service
PPC—PowerPC
PPI—Pixels Per Inch
PPM—Pages Per Minute
PPP—Point-to-Point Protocol
PPPoA—PPP over ATM
PPPoE—PPP over Ethernet
PPTP—Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
PR—Pull Request
PReP—PowerPC Reference Platform
PRNG—Pseudorandom number generator
PROM—Programmable Read-Only Memory
PS—PostScript
PS/2—Personal System/2
PSA—Professional Services Automation
PSK—Pre-shared key
PSM—Platform Specific Model
PSTN—Public Switched Telephone Network
PSU—Power Supply Unit
PSVI—Post-Schema-Validation Infoset
PTS-DOS—PhysTechSoft – Disk Operating System
PTZ—Pan–tilt–zoom camera
PUA—Potentially unwanted application
PUP—Potentially unwanted program
PV—Physical volume
PV—Process variable
PVG—Physical volume group
PVR—Personal Video Recorder
PXE—Preboot Execution Environment
PXI—PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation
PRC—Procedure Remote Call
Q
QA—Quality assurance
QC—Quality control
QC—Quick Charge
QDR—Quad Data Rate
QEMU—Quick Emulator
QFP—Quad Flat Package
QIF—Quicken Interchange Format
QoS—Quality of Service
QOTD—Quote of the Day
QSOP—Quarter-size small-outline package
Qt—a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as applications that run on various software and hardware platforms
QTAM—Queued Teleprocessing Access Method
R
RA—Registration authority
RAB—Rapid application building
RACE—Research and Development in Advanced Communications Technologies in Europe
RACF—Resource Access Control Facility
RAD—Rapid application development
RADIUS—Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service
RAID—Redundant Array of Independent Disks
RAII—Resource Acquisition Is Initialization
RAIT—Redundant Array of Inexpensive Tapes
RAM—Random-access machine
RAM—Random-access memory
RAM—Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability
RAN—Radio access network
RARP—Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
RAS—Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability
RAS—Remote access service
RAT—Radio access technology
RAT—Remote access trojan
RBAC—Role-based access control
RC—Region Code
RC—Release Candidate
RC—Run Commands
RC2—Rivest Cipher 2 (a block cipher)
RC4—Rivest Cipher 4 (a stream cipher)
RC5—Rivest Cipher 5 (a block cipher)
RC6—Rivest Cipher 6 (a block cipher)
RCA—Root Cause Analysis
RCS—Revision Control System
RD—Remote Desktop
rd—remove directory
RDBMS—Relational Database Management System
RDC—Remote Desktop Connection
RDF—Resource Description Framework
RDM—Relational Data Model
RDOS—Real-time Disk Operating System
RDP—Remote Desktop Protocol
RDS—Remote Desktop Services
REFAL—Recursive Functions Algorithmic Language
REST—Representational State Transfer
regex—Regular Expression
regexp—Regular Expression
RF—Radio Frequency
RFB—Remote FrameBuffer
RFC—Request For Comments
RFI—Radio Frequency Interference
RFI—Remote file inclusion
RFID—Radio-frequency identification
RG—Radio Guide
RGB—Red, Green, Blue
RHL—Red Hat Linux
RHEL—Red Hat Enterprise Linux
REXX—Restructured Extended Executor Language
RIA—Rich Internet Application
RIAA—Recording Industry Association of America
RIP—Raster Image Processor
RIP—Routing Information Protocol
RIPE—Réseaux IP Européens
RIPEMD—RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest
RIPEMD—RIPE Message Digest
RIR—Regional Internet registry
RISC—Reduced Instruction Set Computer
RISC OS—Reduced Instruction Set Computer Operating System
RJ—Registered jack
RJE—Remote Job Entry
RLE—Run-Length Encoding
RLL—Run-Length Limited
rmdir—remove directory
RMF—Risk Management Framework
RMI—Remote Method Invocation
RMS—Richard Matthew Stallman
ROM—Read-Only Memory
ROMB—Read-Out Motherboard
ROM-DOS—Read-Only Memory – Disk Operating System
RPA—Robotic Process Automation
RPC—Remote Procedure Call
RPG—Report Program Generator
RPM—RPM Package Manager
RPO—Recovery Point Objective
RRAS—Routing and Remote Access Service
RRSIG—Resource record signature
RSA—Rivest Shamir Adleman
RSBAC—Rule-set-based access control
RSI—Repetitive Strain Injury
RSR—Rapid Security Response
RSS—Radio Service Software
RSS—Remote service software
RSS—Rich Site Summary, RDF Site Summary, or Really Simple Syndication
RST—reStructuredText
RSTP—Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
RSVP—Resource Reservation Protocol
RTAI—Real-Time Application Interface
RTBH—Remote Triggered Black Hole Filtering
RTC—Real-Time Clock
RTD—Round-trip delay
RTE—Real-Time Enterprise
RTEMS—Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems
RTF—Rich Text Format
RTL—Right-to-Left
RTMP—Real Time Messaging Protocol
RTO—Recovery Time Objective
RTOS—Real-Time Operating System
RTP—Real-time Transport Protocol
RTS—Ready To Send
RTSP—Real-Time Streaming Protocol
RTT—Round-trip time
RTTI—Run-time Type Information
RTU—Remote Terminal Unit
RWD—Responsive Web Design
S
S3—Simple Storage Service
SA—Security association
SaaS—Software as a service
SAE—Simultaneous Authentication of Equals
SAE—System architecture evolution
SASE—Secure access service edge
SASS—Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets
SAM—Security Account Manager
SAML—Security Assertion Markup Language
SAN—Storage area network
SAN—Subject Alternative Name
SAS—Serial attached SCSI
SASE—Secure access service edge
SASE—Stand-alone synchronization equipment
SASL—Simple Authentication and Security Layer
SATA—Serial AT Attachment
SAX—Simple API for XML
SBOD—Spinning Beachball of Death
SBP-2—Serial Bus Protocol 2
sbin—superuser binary
sbs—Small Business Server
SCADA—Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SCAP—Security Content Automation Protocol
SCEP—Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol
SCCM—System Center Configuration Manager
SCID—Source code in database
SCM—Software configuration management
SCM—Source code management
SCO—Santa Cruz Operation Inc.
SCP—Seattle Computer Products
SCP—Secure copy protocol
SCRAM—Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism
SCSI—Small Computer System Interface
SCTP—Stream Control Transmission Protocol
SD—Secure Digital
SDD—Software design description
SDDC—Software-defined data center
SDDL—Security Descriptor Definition Language
SDH—Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDI—Single-document interface
SDIO—Secure Digital Input Output
SDK—Software development kit
SDL—Simple DirectMedia Layer
SDLC—Software development life cycle
SDN—Software-defined networking
SDP—Session Description Protocol
SDP—Software-defined perimeter
SDP—Software-defined protection
SDR—Software-defined radio
SDRAM—Synchronous dynamic random-access memory
SDSL—Symmetric digital subscriber line
SD-WAN—Software-defined wide area network
SDXF—Structured Data eXchange Format
SE—Single ended
SECC—Single-Edged Contact Cartridge
SED—Self-encrypting drive
SEH—Structured Exception Handling
SEI—Software Engineering Institute
SELinux—Security-Enhanced Linux
SEO—Search engine optimization
SFC—Sequential function chart
SFC—System File Checker
SFTP—Secure File Transfer Protocol
SFTP—Simple File Transfer Protocol
SGI—Silicon Graphics, Incorporated
SGML—Standard Generalized Markup Language
SGR—Select Graphic Rendition
SGX—Software Guard eXtensions
SHA—Secure Hash Algorithms
SHA-1—Secure Hash Algorithm 1
SHA-2—Secure Hash Algorithm 2
SHA-3—Secure Hash Algorithm 3
SHDSL—Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
S-HTTP—Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol
SIEM—Security information and event management
SIGCAT—Special Interest Group on CD-ROM Applications and Technology
SIGGRAPH—Special Interest Group on Graphics
SIMD—Single instruction, multiple data
SIM—Subscriber Identity Module
SIMM—Single inline memory module
SIP—Session Initiation Protocol
SIP—Supplementary Ideographic Plane
SISD—Single instruction, single data
SISO—Single-input and single-output
SLA—Service-level agreement
SLAAC—Stateless address autoconfiguration
SLE—Single-loss expectancy
SLED—SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop
SLES—SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
SLI—Scalable Link Interface
SLIP—Serial Line Internet Protocol
SLM—Service Level Management
SLOC—Source lines of code
SME—Subject matter expert
SMF—Single-mode fiber
SPM—Software project management
SPMD—Single program, multiple cata
SPOF—Single point of failure
SMA—SubMiniature version A
SMB—Server Message Block
SMBIOS—System Management BIOS
SMIL—Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language
S/MIME—Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
SMP—Supplementary Multilingual Plane
SMP—Symmetric multi-processing
SMPS—Switched-mode power supply
SMS—Short Message Service
SMS—System Management Server
SMT—Simultaneous multithreading
SMTP—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SMTPS—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Secure
SNA—Systems Network Architecture
SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol
SNP—Secure Network Programming
SNTP—Simple Network Time Protocol
SOA—Service-oriented architecture
SOAP—Simple Object Access Protocol
SOAP—Symbolic Optimal Assembly Program
SOAR—Security orchestration, automation and response
SOC—Security operations center
SOC—System and organization controls
SoC—System on a chip
SO-DIMM—Small outline DIMM
SOE—Standard Operating Environment
SOHO—Small office/home office
SOI—Silicon on insulator
SOLID—Single-responsibility, Open-closed, Liskov substitution, interface segregation, dependency inversion
SOPA—Stop Online Piracy Act
SOW—Statement of work
SP—Service pack
SPA—Single page application
SPARC—Scalable Processor Architecture
SPF—Sender Policy Framework
SPI—Serial Peripheral Interface
SPI—Stateful Packet Inspection
SPICE—Simple Protocol for Independent Computing Environments
SPIM—Spam over instant messaging
SPOF—Single point of failure
SQL—Structured Query Language
SQLi—SQL injection
SRAM—Static random-access memory
SRP—Single-responsibility principle
SRTP—Secure Real-time Transport Protocol
SSA—Static Single Assignment
SSADM—Structured systems analysis and design method
SSD—Software Specification Document
SSD—Solid-state drive
SSDP—Simple Service Discovery Protocol
SSE—Streaming SIMD Extensions
SSH—Secure Shell
SSI—Server Side Includes
SSI—Single-system image
SSI—Small-scale integration
SSID—Service set identifier
SSL—Secure Sockets Layer
SSO—Single sign-on
SSP—Supplementary Special-purpose Plane
SSRF—Server-side request forgery
SSSE—Supplementary Streaming SIMD Extensions
SSSP—Single Source Shortest Path
SSTC—Security Services Technical Committee
SSTP—Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol
STIX—Scientific and Technical Information eXchange
STOMP—Simple (or Streaming) Text Oriented Messaging Protocol
STP—Shielded twisted pair
STP—Spanning Tree Protocol
su—superuser
SUS—Single UNIX Specification
SUSE—Software und System-Entwicklung
SVC—Scalable Video Coding
SVC—Static VAR compensator
SVD—Structured VLSI Design
SVG—Scalable Vector Graphics
SVGA—Super Video Graphics Array
SVOT—Single version of the truth
SWF—Shock Wave Flash
SWG—Secure Web Gateway
SWT—Standard Widget Toolkit
Sysop—System operator
T
TAO—Track-At-Once
TACACS—Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System
TAP—Test Access Port
TAPI—Telephony Application Programming Interface
TASM—Turbo ASseMbler
TAXII—Trusted Automated eXchange of Indicator Information
TB—TeraByte
Tcl—Tool Command Language
TCM—The Computer Museum
TCP—Transmission Control Protocol
TCP/IP—Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TCSEC—Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria
TCU—Telecommunication Control Unit
TDE—Transparent data encryption
TDEA—Triple Data Encryption Algorithm
TDES—Triple Data Encryption Standard
TDMA—Time-Division Multiple Access
TDP—Thermal Design Power
TEAP—Tunnel Extensible Authentication Protocol
TEE—Trusted execution environment
TFT—Thin-Film Transistor
TFTP—Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TGS—Ticket Granting Service
TGT—Ticket Granting Ticket
THE—The Hessling Editor
TI—Texas Instruments
TIFF—Tagged Image File Format
TIP—Threat Intelligence Platform
TKIP—Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
TLA—Three-Letter Acronym
TLD—Top-Level Domain
TLS—Thread-Local Storage
TLS—Transport Layer Security
TLV—Type—length—value
TM—Translation memory
TMM—Testing Maturity Model
tmp—temporary
TMS—Translation management system
TNC—Terminal Node Controller
TNC—Threaded Neill-Concelman connector
TOCTOU, TOCTTOU or TOC/TOU—Time-of-check to time-of-use
TOTP—Time-based one-time password
TPF—Transaction Processing Facility
TPM—Trusted Platform Module
TROFF—Trace Off
TRON—Trace On
TRON—The Real-time Operating system Nucleus
TRSDOS—Tandy Radio Shack – Disk Operating System
TS—Timestamp
TSIG—Transaction signature
TSO—Time Sharing Option
TSP—Traveling Salesman Problem
TSR—Terminate and Stay Resident
TTF—TrueType Font
TTL—Transistor—Transistor Logic
TTLS—Tunneled Transport Layer Security
TTL—Time To Live
TTP—Tesla Transport Protocol
TTP—Time-Triggered Protocol
TTP—Trusted third party
TTS—Text-to-Speech
TTY—Teletype
TUCOWS—The Ultimate Collection of Winsock Software
TUG—TeX Users Group
Twinax—Twinaxial cabling
TX-0—Transistorized eXperimental computer zero
TWAIN—Technology Without An Interesting Name
U
UAAG—User Agent Accessibility Guidelines
UAC—User Account Control
UART—Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
UAS—Unmanned aircraft system
UAT—User Acceptance Testing
UAV—Unmanned aerial vehicle
UB—Undefined Behavior
UBA—User behavior analytics
UCS—Universal Character Set
UDDI—Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration
UDMA—Ultra DMA
UDP—User Datagram Protocol
UEBA—User and entity behavior analytics
UEFI—Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
UEM—Unified endpoint management
UHF—Ultra High Frequency
UI—User Interface
UIMA—Unstructured Information Management Architecture
UL—Upload
ULA—Uncommitted Logic Array
ULSI—Ultra Large Scale Integration
UMA—Upper Memory Area
UMB—Upper Memory Block
UML—Unified Modeling Language
UML—User-Mode Linux
UMPC—Ultra-Mobile Personal Computer
UMTS—Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UNC—Universal Naming Convention
UNIVAC—Universal Automatic Computer (By MKS)
UPS—Uninterruptible Power Supply or Uninterrupted Power Supply
URI—Uniform Resource Identifier
URL—Uniform Resource Locator
URN—Uniform Resource Name
USB—Universal Serial Bus
US-CERT—United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team
usr—User System Resources
USR—USRobotics
UTC—Coordinated Universal Time
UTF—Unicode Transformation Format
UTM—Unified Threat Management
UTP—Unshielded twisted pair
UTRAN—Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
UUCP—Unix to Unix Copy
UUID—Universally Unique Identifier
UVC—Universal Virtual Computer
UWP—Universal Windows Platform
UX—User Experience
V
V2X—Vehicle-to-everything
var—variable
VaR—Value at risk
VAX—Virtual Address eXtension
VB—Visual Basic
VBA—Visual Basic for Applications
VBS—Visual Basic Script
VCPI—Virtual Control Program Interface
VDC—Virtual data center
VDE—Virtual Desktop Environment
VDI—Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
VDM—Virtual DOS machine
VDS—Virtual dedicated server
VDSL—Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line
VDU—Visual Display Unit
VDX—Virtual Desktop eXtender
VEH—Vectored Exception Handling
VESA—Video Electronics Standards Association
VFAT—Virtual File Allocation Table
VFO—Variable-frequency oscillator
VFS—Virtual File System
VHD—Virtual Hard Disk
VG—Volume Group
VGA—Video Graphics Array
VHF—Very High Frequency
VLAN—Virtual Local Area Network
VLB—Vesa Local Bus
VLF—Very Low Frequency
VLIW—Very Long Instruction Word
VLK—Volume Licensing Key
VLSI—Very-Large-Scale Integration
VLSM—Variable-length subnet masking
VM—Virtual Machine
VM—Virtual Memory
VMM—Virtual Machine Monitor
VNC—Virtual Network Computing
VOD—Video On Demand
VoIP—Voice over Internet Protocol
VoLTE—Voice Over Long-Term Evolution
VPC—Virtual private cloud
VPN—Virtual private network
VPS—Virtual private server
VPU—Visual Processing Unit
VR—Virtual Reality
VRAM—Video Random-Access Memory
VRML—Virtual Reality Modeling Language
VSAM—Virtual Storage-Access Method
VSAT—Very Small Aperture Terminal
VT—Video Terminal
VTAM—Virtual Telecommunications Access Method
VTL—Virtual tape library
VUI—Voice user interface
W
W3C—World Wide Web Consortium
WAF—Web application firewall
WAFS—Wide Area File Services
WAI—Web Accessibility Initiative
WAIS—Wide Area Information Server
WAN—Wide Area Network
WAP—Wireless Access Point
WAP—Wireless Application Protocol
WASM—Watcom ASseMbler
WAVE—Wireless access in vehicular environments
WBEM—Web-Based Enterprise Management
WBS—Work breakdown structure
WCAG—Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
WCF—Windows Communication Foundation
WDDM—Windows Display Driver Model
WDM—Wavelength-Division Multiplexing
WDM—Windows Driver Model
WebDAV—WWW Distributed Authoring and Versioning
WEP—Wired Equivalent Privacy
WFI—Wait For Interrupt
WIDE—Widely Integrated Distributed Environment
WIDS—Wireless intrusion detection system
WiMAX—Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
WIMG—Write-Through Access (W), Cache-Inhibited Access (I), Memory Coherence (M), and Guarded (G)
WIMP—"windows, icons, menus, pointer"
WinFS—Windows Future Storage
WinRT—Windows RunTime
WINS—Windows Internet Name Service
WIPS—Wireless intrusion prevention system
WLAN—Wireless Local Area Network
WMA—Windows Media Audio
WMI—Windows Management Instrumentation
WMV—Windows Media Video
WNS—Windows Push Notification Service
WOL—Wake-on-LAN
WOR—Wake-on-Ring
WORA—Write once, run anywhere
WORE—Write once, run everywhere
WORM—Write Once Read Many
WPA—Wi-Fi Protected Access
WPAD—Web Proxy Autodiscovery Protocol
WPAN—Wireless Personal Area Network
WPF—Windows Presentation Foundation
WPS—Wi-Fi Protected Setup
WS—WebSocket
WS-D—Web Services Dynamic Discovery
WSDL—Web Services Description Language
WSFL—Web Services Flow Language
WSL—Windows Subsystem for Linux
WTLS—Wireless Transport Layer Security
WUSB—Wireless Universal Serial Bus
WWAN—Wireless Wide Area Network
WWID—World Wide Identifier
WWN—World Wide Name
WWW—World Wide Web
WYSIWYG—What You See Is What You Get
WZC—Wireless Zero Configuration
X
XACML—eXtensible Access Control Markup Language
XAML—eXtensible Application Markup Language
XCBL—XML Common Business Library
XCCDF—eXtensible Configuration Checklist Description Format
XDM—X Window Display Manager
XDMCP—X Display Manager Control Protocol
XDR—eXtended detection and response
XHTML—eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language
XILP—X Interactive ListProc
XML—eXtensible Markup Language
XMMS—X Multimedia System
XMPP—eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
XMS—eXtended Memory Specification
XNS—Xerox Network Systems
XP—Cross-Platform
XP—eXtreme Programming
XPCOM—Cross Platform Component Object Model
XPI—XPInstall
XPIDL—Cross-Platform IDL
XPS—XML Paper Specification
XSD—XML Schema Definition
XSL—eXtensible Stylesheet Language
XSL-FO—eXtensible Stylesheet Language Formatting Objects
XSLT—eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations
XSRF—Cross-site request forgery
XSS—Cross-Site Scripting
XT—Crosstalk
XTACACS—eXtended Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System
XTF—eXtensible Tag Framework
XTF—eXtended Triton Format
XUL—XML User Interface Language
XVGA—eXtended Video Graphics Adapter
Y
Y2K—Year Two Thousand
Y2K38—Year Two Thousand Thirty Eight
YACC—Yet Another Compiler Compiler
YAGNI—You Aren't Gonna Need It
YAML—YAML Ain't Markup Language
YAML—Yet Another Multicolumn Layout
YARN—Yet Another Resource Negotiator
YaST—Yet another Setup Tool
Z
ZCAV—Zone Constant Angular Velocity
ZCS—Zero Code Suppression
ZIF—Zero Insertion Force
ZIFS—Zero Insertion Force Socket
ZIP—ZIP file archive
ZISC—Zero Instruction Set Computer
ZOI—Zero One Infinity
ZOPE—Z Object Publishing Environment
ZMA—Zone Multicast Address
ZPL—Z-level Programming Language
See also
References
External links