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Wikipedia / MOSQUITO

In cryptography, MOSQUITO was a stream cipher algorithm designed by Joan Daemen and Paris Kitsos. They submitted it to the eSTREAM project, which was a part of eCRYPT. While presenting it in a document published in 2005, they explained some of their design intentions: Self-synchronizing stream encryption can be performed by using a block cipher in CFB mode. However, for single-bit self-synchronizing stream encryption, this is very inefficient. Therefore we believe that it would be useful to design a dedicated self-synchronizing stream cipher that is efficient in hardware.

It was subsequently broken by Antoine Joux and Frédéric Muller in 2006, who had this to say in their conference paper: All the dedicated Self-Synchronizing Stream Ciphers (SSSC) of the KNOT-MOSQUITO family are subject to differential chosen ciphertext attacks. Our results, combined with previous results on HBB, KNOT and SSS show that it is extremely difficult to design a SSSC resistant against chosen-ciphertext attacks.A tweaked version named MOUSTIQUE was proposed which made it to Phase 3 of the eSTREAM evaluation process as the only self-synchronizing cipher remaining, where it was noted that "in reaching the third phase of eSTREAM all the algorithms in this book have made a significant advance in the development of stream ciphers. However, MOUSTIQUE was subsequently broken by Käsper et al., leaving the design of a secure and efficient self-synchronizing stream cipher as an open research problem.

Specifications

. Register lengths:

CCSR — 128 bits;

  1. 53 bits;

  2. — 12 bits;

  3. — 3 bits.

the rule by which the bit in the i-th position in register j is calculated. Then:

  1. ;

  2. , if the subscript of any element on the right side of the equality becomes greater than 53, then this element is replaced by 0;

  3. ;

  4. ;

.

, implementing the calculations was relatively simple.

References