Typhlonectidae, also known as aquatic caecilians or rubber eels, are a family of caecilians found east of the Andes in South America.

They are viviparous animals, giving birth to young that possess external gills. Of the five extant genera in the family, Atretochoana, Potamotyphlus and Typhlonectes are entirely aquatic, while Chthonerpeton and Nectocaecilia are semi-aquatic. Atretochoana reaches in length, but other species in the family range from . A sixth typhlonectid genus, Ymboirana, was recently described and is known exclusively from fossil material.

Taxonomy

Genus Atretochoana

• Atretochoana eiselti

Genus Chthonerpeton

• Chthonerpeton arii

• Chthonerpeton braestrupi

• Chthonerpeton exile

• Chthonerpeton indistinctum

• Chthonerpeton noctinectes

• Chthonerpeton onorei

• Chthonerpeton perissodus

• Chthonerpeton viviparum

Genus Nectocaecilia

• Nectocaecilia petersii

Genus Potamotyphlus

• Potamotyphlus kaupii

Genus Typhlonectes

• Typhlonectes compressicauda

• Typhlonectes natans

Genus Ymboirana

• †Ymboirana acrux

References