Wikipedia / Finitely generated algebra
Wikipedia / Finitely generated algebra
In mathematics, a finitely generated algebra (also called an algebra of finite type-algebra for short, is a commutative associative algebra defined by ring homomorphism, such that every element of -algebra homomorphism.
is a field such that every element of can be expressed as a polynomial, with coefficients in .
is surjective; thus, by applying the first isomorphism theorem.
Conversely for any ideal-algebras:
-algebra if and only if it is isomorphic-algebra to a quotient ring
Algebras that are not finitely generated are called infinitely generated.
A finitely generated ring-algebra.
An algebra being finitely generated (of finite type) should not be confused with an algebra being finite (see below). A finite algebra that is finitely generated as a module-algebra defined by ring homomorphism can be expressed as a linear combination being expressible as a polynomial in a finite set of generators in the case of the algebra being finitely generated.
Examples
The polynomial algebra is finitely generated. The polynomial algebra in countably infinitely many generators is infinitely generated.
.
of rational functions in one variable over an infinite field is not a finitely generated algebra over by a single element, , as a field.
is a finite field extension.
then the field extension is finite. This is called Zariski's lemma. See also integral extension.
is a finitely generated group then the group algebra.
"Quadratic and quaternion algebras are essentially all the associative R-algebras which are finitely generated projective R-modules and have a standard involution."
Properties
A homomorphic image of a finitely generated algebra is itself finitely generated. However, a similar property for subalgebras does not hold in general.
Hilbert's basis theorem is a finitely generated commutative algebra over a Noetherian ring then every ideal of A is finitely generated, or equivalently, is a Noetherian ring.
Relation with affine varieties
Finitely generated reduced commutative algebras are basic objects of consideration in modern algebraic geometry, where they correspond to affine algebraic varieties; for this reason, these algebras are also referred to as (commutative) affine algebras-algebra
called the affine coordinate ring is a regular map-algebras
is a contravariant functor from the category-algebras: this functor turns out to be an equivalence of categories
and, restricting to affine varieties (i.e. irreducible affine algebraic sets),
Finite algebras vs algebras of finite type
-algebra is a ring homomorphism-module is defined by
is called finite if it is finitely generated-modules
Again, there is a characterisation of finite algebras in terms of quotients:
-algebra is of finite type and integral.
Finite algebras and algebras of finite type are related to the notions of finite morphisms and morphisms of finite type.
References
See also