Task systems are mathematical objects used to model the set of possible configurations of online algorithms. They were introduced by Borodin, Linial and Saks (1992) to model a variety of online problems. A task system determines a set of states and costs to change states. Task systems obtain as input a sequence of requests such that each request assigns processing times to the states. The objective of an online algorithm for task systems is to create a schedule that minimizes the overall cost incurred due to processing the tasks with respect to the states and due to the cost to change states.

If the cost function to change states is a metric, the task system is a metrical task system (MTS). This is the most common type of task systems. Metrical task systems generalize online problems such as paging, list accessing, and the k-server problem (in finite spaces).

Formal definition

is a set of statesth task.

The objective of the algorithm is to find a schedule such that the cost is minimized.

Known results

As usual for online problems, the most common measure to analyze algorithms for metrical task systems is the competitive analysis on the competitive ratio due to Borodin et al. (1992).

. The lower bound is due to Bartal et al. (2006, 2005). The upper bound is due to Bubeck, Cohen, Lee and Lee (2018) who improved upon a result of Fiat and Mendel (2003).

There are many results for various types of restricted metrics.

See also

• Adversary model

• Competitive analysis

• K-server problem

• Online algorithm

• Page replacement algorithm

• Real-time computing

References