A substantive title, in the United Kingdom, is a title of nobility which is owned in its own right, as opposed to titles shared among cadets, borne as a courtesy title by a peer's relatives, or acquired through marriage.

Current monarchies

• – Prince of Wales (must be conferred by the monarch after merging in the Crown)

• – Duke of Cornwall (restricted to the eldest son of the monarch who is also heir apparent)

• – Duke of Rothesay (restricted to the eldest son of the monarch who is also heir apparent)

Granted titles

The Almanach de Gotha treated titles used by dynasties of abolished monarchies: the head of the house bearing a traditional title of the dynasty in lieu of or after the given name.

In accordance with a tradition dating back to the reign of Napoleon I, titles in pretence were treated by the Almanach de Gotha as if still borne by members of reigning dynasties.

References