The 40th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1867, to March 4, 1869, during the third and fourth years of Andrew Johnson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority. In the Senate, the Republicans had the largest majority a party has ever held.

This Congress was held during the Reconstruction era after the Civil War and U.S. President Abraham Lincoln's assassination. Arkansas, Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Louisiana, and South Carolina were readmitted to representation in both the Senate and the House. Georgia was readmitted with representation in the House only. The Republican majority passed an amendment that became the 15th Amendment for voting rights.

Major events

• March 30, 1867: Alaska Purchase

• February 24, 1868: Impeachment of Andrew Johnson

• May 16, 1868: President Johnson acquitted

• May 26, 1868: President Johnson acquitted again

• November 3, 1868: 1868 presidential election: Ulysses S. Grant (R) defeated Horatio Seymour (D)

• December 25, 1868: President Johnson granted unconditional pardons to all Civil War rebels

• January 20, 1869: Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the first woman to testify before Congress

Major legislation

Three Military Reconstruction Acts, continued:

• March 23, 1867, ch. 6,

• July 19, 1867, ch. 30,

• March 11, 1868, ch. 25,

• July 27, 1868: Expatriation Act of 1868, ch. 249,

Constitutional amendments

• July 10, 1868: Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution declared ratified

February 26, 1869: Approved an amendment to the Constitution prohibiting the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification

• Amendment was later ratified on February 3, 1870, becoming the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Treaty

• April 29, 1868: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868), , signed

• February 16, 1869: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868) ratified

Territories organized

• July 25, 1868: Wyoming Territory organized, Sess. 2, ch. 135,

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

During this Congress, Arkansas, Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Louisiana, and South Carolina were readmitted to representation in both the Senate and the House. Georgia was readmitted with representation in the House only.

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

• President: Vacant

• President pro tempore: Benjamin Wade (R)

• Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony

• Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: James Rood Doolittle

House of Representatives

Speaker: Schuyler Colfax (R), until March 3, 1869

• Theodore M. Pomeroy (R), elected March 3, 1869. Served for 1 day.

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

1. Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1868 or 1869; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1870 or 1871; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1872 or 1873.

List of United States senators from AlabamaAlabama

1. 2. Willard Warner (R), from July 13, 1868

2. 3. George E. Spencer (R), from July 13, 1868

List of United States senators from ArkansasArkansas

1. 2. Alexander McDonald (R), from June 22, 1868

2. 3. Benjamin F. Rice (R), from June 23, 1868

List of United States senators from CaliforniaCalifornia

1. 1. John Conness (R)

2. 3. Cornelius Cole (R)

List of United States senators from ConnecticutConnecticut

1. 1. James Dixon (R)

2. 3. Orris S. Ferry (R)

List of United States senators from DelawareDelaware

1. 1. George Read Riddle (D), until March 29, 1867

   1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D), from April 11, 1867

   2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

List of United States senators from FloridaFlorida

1. 1. Adonijah Welch (R), from June 17, 1868

2. 3. Thomas W. Osborn (R), from June 25, 1868

List of United States senators from GeorgiaGeorgia

1. 2. Vacant

2. 3. Vacant

List of United States senators from IllinoisIllinois

1. 2. Richard Yates (R)

2. 3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

List of United States senators from IndianaIndiana

1. 1. Thomas A. Hendricks (D)

2. 3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

List of United States senators from IowaIowa

1. 2. James W. Grimes (R)

2. 3. James Harlan (R)

List of United States senators from KansasKansas

1. 2. Edmund G. Ross (R)

2. 3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)

List of United States senators from KentuckyKentucky

1. 2. James Guthrie (D), until February 7, 1868

   1. Thomas C. McCreery (D), from February 19, 1868

   3. Garrett Davis (D)

List of United States senators from LouisianaLouisiana

1. 2. John S. Harris (R), from July 8, 1868

2. 3. William Pitt Kellogg (R), from July 9, 1868

List of United States senators from MaineMaine

1. 1. Lot M. Morrill (R)

2. 2. William P. Fessenden (R)

List of United States senators from MarylandMaryland

1. 1. Reverdy Johnson (D), until July 10, 1868

   1. William Pinkney Whyte (D), from July 13, 1868

   3. George Vickers (D), from March 7, 1868

List of United States senators from MassachusettsMassachusetts

1. 1. Charles Sumner (R)

2. 2. Henry Wilson (R)

List of United States senators from MichiganMichigan

1. 1. Zachariah Chandler (R)

2. 2. Jacob M. Howard (R)

List of United States senators from MinnesotaMinnesota

1. 1. Alexander Ramsey (R)

2. 2. Daniel S. Norton (R)

List of United States senators from MississippiMississippi

1. 1. Vacant

2. 2. Vacant

List of United States senators from MissouriMissouri

1. 1. John B. Henderson (R)

2. 3. Charles D. Drake (R)

List of United States senators from NebraskaNebraska

1. 1. Thomas Tipton (R)

2. 2. John M. Thayer (R)

List of United States senators from NevadaNevada

1. 1. William M. Stewart (R)

2. 3. James W. Nye (R)

List of United States senators from New HampshireNew Hampshire

1. 2. Aaron H. Cragin (R)

2. 3. James W. Patterson (R)

List of United States senators from New JerseyNew Jersey

1. 1. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)

2. 2. Alexander G. Cattell (R)

List of United States senators from New YorkNew York

1. 1. Edwin D. Morgan (R)

2. 3. Roscoe Conkling (R)

List of United States senators from North CarolinaNorth Carolina

1. 2. Joseph C. Abbott (R), from July 14, 1868

2. 3. John Pool (R), from July 14, 1868

List of United States senators from OhioOhio

1. 1. Benjamin Wade (R)

2. 3. John Sherman (R)

List of United States senators from OregonOregon

1. 2. George H. Williams (R)

2. 3. Henry W. Corbett (R)

List of United States senators from PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

1. 1. Charles R. Buckalew (D)

2. 3. Simon Cameron (R)

List of United States senators from Rhode IslandRhode Island

1. 1. William Sprague IV (R)

2. 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

List of United States senators from South CarolinaSouth Carolina

1. 2. Thomas J. Robertson (R), from July 15, 1868

2. 3. Frederick A. Sawyer (R), from July 16, 1868

List of United States senators from TennesseeTennessee

1. 1. David T. Patterson (D)

2. 2. Joseph S. Fowler (R)

List of United States senators from TexasTexas

1. 1. Vacant

2. 2. Vacant

List of United States senators from VermontVermont

1. 1. George F. Edmunds (R)

2. 3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

List of United States senators from VirginiaVirginia

1. 1. Vacant

2. 2. Vacant

List of United States senators from West VirginiaWest Virginia

1. 1. Peter G. Van Winkle (R)

2. 2. Waitman T. Willey (R)

List of United States senators from WisconsinWisconsin

1. 1. James R. Doolittle (R)

2. 3. Timothy O. Howe (R)

House of Representatives

The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

List of United States representatives from AlabamaAlabama

1. . Francis W. Kellogg (R), from July 22, 1868

2. . Charles W. Buckley (R), from July 21, 1868

3. . Benjamin W. Norris (R), from July 21, 1868

4. . Charles W. Pierce (R), from July 21, 1868

5. . John B. Callis (R), from July 21, 1868

6. . Thomas Haughey (R), from July 21, 1868

List of United States representatives from ArkansasArkansas

1. . Logan H. Roots (R), from June 22, 1868

2. . James M. Hinds (R), June 22, 1868 – October 22, 1868

   1. James T. Elliott (R), from January 13, 1869

   . Thomas Boles (R), from June 22, 1868

List of United States representatives from CaliforniaCalifornia

1. . Samuel B. Axtell (D)

2. . William Higby (R)

3. . James A. Johnson (D)

List of United States representatives from ConnecticutConnecticut

1. . Richard D. Hubbard (D)

2. . Julius Hotchkiss (D)

3. . Henry H. Starkweather (R)

4. . William H. Barnum (D)

List of United States representatives from DelawareDelaware

1. . John A. Nicholson (D)

List of United States representatives from FloridaFlorida

1. . Charles M. Hamilton (R), from July 1, 1868

List of United States representatives from GeorgiaGeorgia

1. . Joseph W. Clift (R), from July 25, 1868

2. . Nelson Tift (D), from July 25, 1868

3. . William P. Edwards (R), from July 25, 1868

4. . Samuel F. Gove (R), from July 25, 1868

5. . Charles H. Prince (R), from July 25, 1868

6. . Vacant

7. . Pierce M. B. Young (D), from July 25, 1868

List of United States representatives from IllinoisIllinois

1. . Norman B. Judd (R)

2. . John F. Farnsworth (R)

3. . Elihu B. Washburne (R)

4. . Abner C. Harding (R)

5. . Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)

6. . Burton C. Cook (R)

7. . Henry P. H. Bromwell (R)

8. . Shelby M. Cullom (R)

9. . Lewis Winans Ross (D)

10. . Albert G. Burr (D)

11. . Samuel S. Marshall (D)

12. . Jehu Baker (R)

13. . Green B. Raum (R)

14. . John A. Logan (R)

List of United States representatives from IndianaIndiana

1. . William E. Niblack (D)

2. . Michael C. Kerr (D)

3. . Morton C. Hunter (R)

4. . William S. Holman (D)

5. . George W. Julian (R)

6. . John Coburn (R)

7. . Henry D. Washburn (R)

8. . Godlove S. Orth (R)

9. . Schuyler Colfax (R)

10. . William Williams (R)

11. . John P. C. Shanks (R)

List of United States representatives from IowaIowa

1. . James F. Wilson (R)

2. . Hiram Price (R)

3. . William B. Allison (R)

4. . William Loughridge (R)

5. . Grenville M. Dodge (R)

6. . Asahel W. Hubbard (R)

List of United States representatives from KansasKansas

1. . Sidney Clarke (R)

List of United States representatives from KentuckyKentucky

1. . Lawrence S. Trimble (D)

2. . Vacant

3. . Elijah Hise (D), until May 8, 1867

   1. Jacob Golladay (D), from December 5, 1867

   . J. Proctor Knott (D)

4. . Asa Grover (D)

5. . Thomas L. Jones (D)

6. . James B. Beck (D)

7. . George M. Adams (D)

8. . Samuel McKee (R), from June 22, 1868

List of United States representatives from LouisianaLouisiana

1. . J. Hale Sypher (R), from July 18, 1868

2. . James Mann (D), July 18, 1868 – August 26, 1868

3. . Joseph P. Newsham (R), from July 18, 1868

4. . Michel Vidal (R), from July 18, 1868

5. . W. Jasper Blackburn (R), from July 18, 1868

List of United States representatives from MaineMaine

1. . John Lynch (R)

2. . Sidney Perham (R)

3. . James G. Blaine (R)

4. . John A. Peters (R)

5. . Frederick A. Pike (R)

List of United States representatives from MarylandMaryland

1. . Hiram McCullough (D)

2. . Stevenson Archer (D)

3. . Charles E. Phelps (C)

4. . Francis Thomas (R)

5. . Frederick Stone (D)

List of United States representatives from MassachusettsMassachusetts

1. . Thomas D. Eliot (R)

2. . Oakes Ames (R)

3. . Ginery Twichell (R)

4. . Samuel Hooper (R)

5. . Benjamin F. Butler (R)

6. . Nathaniel P. Banks (R)

7. . George S. Boutwell (R)

8. . John D. Baldwin (R)

9. . William B. Washburn (R)

10. . Henry L. Dawes (R)

List of United States representatives from MichiganMichigan

1. . Fernando C. Beaman (R)

2. . Charles Upson (R)

3. . Austin Blair (R)

4. . Thomas W. Ferry (R)

5. . Rowland E. Trowbridge (R)

6. . John F. Driggs (R)

List of United States representatives from MinnesotaMinnesota

1. . William Windom (R)

2. . Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)

List of United States representatives from MississippiMississippi

1. . Vacant

2. . Vacant

3. . Vacant

4. . Vacant

5. . Vacant

List of United States representatives from MissouriMissouri

1. . William A. Pile (R)

2. . Carman A. Newcomb (R)

3. . Thomas E. Noell (D), until October 3, 1867

   1. James R. McCormick (D), from December 17, 1867

   . Joseph J. Gravely (R)

4. . Joseph W. McClurg (R), until July 1868

   1. John H. Stover (R), from December 7, 1868

   . Robert T. Van Horn (R)

5. . Benjamin F. Loan (R)

6. . John F. Benjamin (R)

7. . George W. Anderson (R)

List of United States representatives from NebraskaNebraska

1. . John Taffe (R)

List of United States representatives from NevadaNevada

1. . Delos R. Ashley (R)

List of United States representatives from New HampshireNew Hampshire

1. . Jacob H. Ela (R)

2. . Aaron F. Stevens (R)

3. . Jacob Benton (R)

List of United States representatives from New JerseyNew Jersey

1. . William Moore (R)

2. . Charles Haight (D)

3. . Charles Sitgreaves (D)

4. . John Hill (R)

5. . George A. Halsey (R)

List of United States representatives from New YorkNew York

1. . Stephen Taber (D)

2. . Demas Barnes (D)

3. . William E. Robinson (D)

4. . John Fox (D)

5. . John Morrissey (D)

6. . Thomas E. Stewart (CR)

7. . John W. Chanler (D)

8. . James Brooks (D)

9. . Fernando Wood (D)

10. . William H. Robertson (R)

11. . Charles H. Van Wyck (R)

12. . John H. Ketcham (R)

13. . Thomas Cornell (R)

14. . John V. L. Pruyn (D)

15. . John Augustus Griswold (R)

16. . Orange Ferriss (R)

17. . Calvin T. Hulburd (R)

18. . James M. Marvin (R)

19. . William C. Fields (R)

20. . Addison H. Laflin (R)

21. . Roscoe Conkling (R), until March 4, 1867

    1. Alexander H. Bailey (R), from November 30, 1867

    . John C. Churchill (R)

22. . Dennis McCarthy (R)

23. . Theodore M. Pomeroy (R)

24. . William H. Kelsey (R)

25. . William S. Lincoln (R)

26. . Hamilton Ward Sr. (R)

27. . Lewis Selye (IR)

28. . Burt Van Horn (R)

29. . James M. Humphrey (D)

30. . Henry H. Van Aernam (R)

List of United States representatives from North CarolinaNorth Carolina

1. . John R. French (R), from July 15, 1868

2. . David Heaton (R), from July 25, 1868

3. . Oliver H. Dockery (R), from July 13, 1868

4. . John T. Deweese (R), from July 6, 1868

5. . Israel G. Lash (R), from July 20, 1868

6. . Nathaniel Boyden (C), from July 13, 1868

7. . Alexander H. Jones (R), from July 6, 1868

List of United States representatives from OhioOhio

1. . Benjamin Eggleston (R)

2. . Rutherford B. Hayes (R), until July 20, 1867

   1. Samuel F. Cary (IR), from November 21, 1867

   . Robert C. Schenck (R)

3. . William Lawrence (R)

4. . William Mungen (D)

5. . Reader W. Clarke (R)

6. . Samuel Shellabarger (R)

7. . Cornelius S. Hamilton (R), until December 22, 1867

   1. John Beatty (R), from February 5, 1868

   . Ralph P. Buckland (R)

8. . James M. Ashley (R)

9. . John T. Wilson (R)

10. . Philadelph Van Trump (D)

11. . George W. Morgan (D), until June 3, 1868

    1. Columbus Delano (R), from June 3, 1868

    . Martin Welker (R)

12. . Tobias A. Plants (R)

13. . John Bingham (R)

14. . Ephraim R. Eckley (R)

15. . Rufus P. Spalding (R)

16. . James A. Garfield (R)

List of United States representatives from OregonOregon

1. . Rufus Mallory (R)

List of United States representatives from PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

1. . Samuel J. Randall (D)

2. . Charles O'Neill (R)

3. . Leonard Myers (R)

4. . William D. Kelley (R)

5. . Caleb N. Taylor (R)

6. . Benjamin M. Boyer (D)

7. . John M. Broomall (R)

8. . J. Lawrence Getz (D)

9. . Thaddeus Stevens (R), until August 11, 1868

   1. Oliver J. Dickey (R), from December 7, 1868

   . Henry L. Cake (R)

10. . Daniel M. Van Auken (D)

11. . Charles Denison (D), until June 27, 1867

    1. George W. Woodward (D), from November 21, 1867

    . Ulysses Mercur (R)

12. . George F. Miller (R)

13. . Adam J. Glossbrenner (D)

14. . William H. Koontz (R)

15. . Daniel J. Morrell (R)

16. . Stephen F. Wilson (R)

17. . Glenni W. Scofield (R)

18. . Darwin A. Finney (R), until August 25, 1868

    1. S. Newton Pettis (R), from December 7, 1868

    . John Covode (R)

19. . James K. Moorhead (R)

20. . Thomas Williams (R)

21. . George V. Lawrence (R)

List of United States representatives from Rhode IslandRhode Island

1. . Thomas Jenckes (R)

2. . Nathan F. Dixon Jr. (R)

List of United States representatives from South CarolinaSouth Carolina

1. . B. Frank Whittemore (R), from July 18, 1868

2. . Christopher C. Bowen (R), from July 18, 1868

3. . M. Simeon Corley (R), from July 25, 1868

4. . James H. Goss (R), from July 18, 1868

List of United States representatives from TennesseeTennessee

1. . Roderick R. Butler (R)

2. . Horace Maynard (R)

3. . William B. Stokes (R)

4. . James Mullins (R)

5. . John Trimble (R)

6. . Samuel M. Arnell (R)

7. . Isaac R. Hawkins (R)

8. . David A. Nunn (R)

List of United States representatives from TexasTexas

1. . Vacant

2. . Vacant

3. . Vacant

4. . Vacant

List of United States representatives from VermontVermont

1. . Frederick E. Woodbridge (R)

2. . Luke P. Poland (R)

3. . Worthington C. Smith (R)

List of United States representatives from VirginiaVirginia

1. . Vacant

2. . Vacant

3. . Vacant

4. . Vacant

5. . Vacant

6. . Vacant

7. . Vacant

8. . Vacant

List of United States representatives from West VirginiaWest Virginia

1. . Chester D. Hubbard (R)

2. . Bethuel Kitchen (R)

3. . Daniel Polsley (R)

List of United States representatives from WisconsinWisconsin

1. . Halbert E. Paine (R)

2. . Benjamin F. Hopkins (R)

3. . Amasa Cobb (R)

4. . Charles A. Eldredge (D)

5. . Philetus Sawyer (R)

6. . Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)

Non-voting members

1. . Coles Bashford (I)

2. . George M. Chilcott (R)

3. . Walter A. Burleigh (R)

4. . Edward D. Holbrook (D)

5. . James M. Cavanaugh (D)

6. . Charles P. Clever (D), from September 2, 1867 - February 20, 1869

   1. J. Francisco Chaves (R), from February 20, 1869

   . William H. Hooper (D)

7. . Alvan Flanders (R)

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

Replacements: 3

• Democratic: 0 seat net loss

• Republican: 0 seat net gain

  Deaths: 1

• Resignations: 2

• Interim appointments: 1

• Seats from newly re-admitted states: 12

• Total seats with changes: 16

|- | Delaware (1) | nowrap | George R. Riddle (D) | Died March 29, 1867.Successor appointed April 5, 1867.Appointee was subsequently elected January 19, 1869, to finish the term. | nowrap | James A. Bayard Jr. (D) | April 5, 1867

|- | Kentucky (2) | nowrap | James Guthrie (D) | Resigned February 7, 1868, because of failing health.Successor elected February 19, 1868. | nowrap | Thomas C. McCreery (D) | February 19, 1868

|- | Maryland (3) | Vacant | Filled vacancy caused by action of the Senate in declining to permit Philip F. Thomas to qualify.Successor elected March 7, 1868. | nowrap | George Vickers (D) | March 7, 1868

|- | Florida (1) | Vacant | Florida re-admitted to the Union | nowrap | Adonijah Welch (R) | June 17, 1868

|- | Arkansas (2) | rowspan=2 | Vacant | rowspan=2 | Arkansas re-admitted to the Union | nowrap | Alexander McDonald (R) | June 22, 1868

|- | Arkansas (3) | nowrap | Benjamin F. Rice (R) | June 23, 1868

|- | Florida (3) | Vacant | Florida re-admitted to the Union | nowrap | Thomas W. Osborn (R) | June 25, 1868

|- | Louisiana (2) | rowspan=2 | Vacant | rowspan=2 | Louisiana re-admitted to the Union | nowrap | John S. Harris (R) | July 8, 1868

|- | Louisiana (3) | nowrap | William P. Kellogg (R) | July 9, 1868

|- | Alabama (2) | rowspan=2 | Vacant | rowspan=2 | Alabama re-admitted to the Union | nowrap | Willard Warner (R) | rowspan=3 | July 13, 1868

|- | Alabama (3) | nowrap | George E. Spencer (R)

|- | Maryland (1) | nowrap | Reverdy Johnson (D) | Resigned July 10, 1868, to become U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Successor appointed July 13, 1868. | nowrap | William P. Whyte (D)

|- | North Carolina (2) | rowspan=2 | Vacant | rowspan=2 | North Carolina re-admitted to the Union | nowrap | Joseph C. Abbott (R) | rowspan=2 | July 14, 1868

|- | North Carolina (3) | nowrap | John Pool (R)

|- | South Carolina (2) | rowspan=2 | Vacant | rowspan=2 | South Carolina re-admitted to the Union | nowrap | Thomas J. Robertson (R) | July 15, 1868

|- | South Carolina (3) | nowrap | Frederick A. Sawyer (R) | July 16, 1868

|}

House of Representatives

Replacements: 10

• Democratic: 2 seat net loss

• Republican: 0 seat net gain

• Independent Republican: 1 seat net gain

• Conservative: 0 seat net gain

• Deaths: 8

• Resignations: 3

• Contested election: 3

• Seats from re-admitted states: 32

• Total seats with changes: 44

|- | | Vacant | Vacancy in term | nowrap | Charles P. Clever (D) | September 2, 1867

|- | | rowspan=3 | Vacant | rowspan=3 | Arkansas re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | Logan H. Roots (R) | rowspan=3 | June 22, 1868

|- | | nowrap | James M. Hinds (R)

|- | | nowrap | Thomas Boles (R)

|- | | Vacant | John D. Young presented credentials but failed to qualify. Election was contested by McKee. | nowrap | Samuel McKee (R) | June 22, 1868

|- | | Vacant | Florida re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | Charles M. Hamilton (R) | July 1, 1868

|- | | rowspan=5 | Vacant | rowspan=5 | North Carolina re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | John T. Deweese (R) | rowspan=2 | July 6, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Alexander H. Jones (R)

|- | | nowrap | Oliver H. Dockery (R) | rowspan=2 | July 13, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Nathaniel Boyden (C)

|- | | nowrap | John R. French (R) | July 15, 1868

|- | | rowspan=5 | Vacant | rowspan=5 | Louisiana re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | J. Hale Sypher (R) | rowspan=5 | July 18, 1868

|- | | nowrap | James Mann (D)

|- | | nowrap | Joseph P. Newsham (R)

|- | | nowrap | Michel Vidal (R)

|- | | nowrap | W. Jasper Blackburn (R)

|- | | rowspan=3 | Vacant | rowspan=3 | South Carolina re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | Benjamin F. Whittemore (R) | rowspan=3 | July 18, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Christopher C. Bowen (R)

|- | | nowrap | James H. Goss (R)

|- | | Vacant | North Carolina re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | Israel G. Lash (R) | July 20, 1868

|- | | rowspan=6 | Vacant | rowspan=6 | Alabama re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | Charles W. Buckley (R) | rowspan=5 | July 21, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Benjamin W. Norris (R)

|- | | nowrap | Charles W. Pierce (R)

|- | | nowrap | John B. Callis (R)

|- | | nowrap | Thomas Haughey (R)

|- | | nowrap | Francis W. Kellogg (R) | July 22, 1868

|- | | rowspan=6 | Vacant | rowspan=6 | Georgia re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | Joseph W. Clift (R) | rowspan=6 | July 25, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Nelson Tift (D)

|- | | nowrap | William P. Edwards (R)

|- | | nowrap | Samuel F. Gove (R)

|- | | nowrap | Charles H. Prince (R)

|- | | nowrap | Pierce M. B. Young (D)

|- | | Vacant | North Carolina re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | David Heaton (R) | July 25, 1868

|- | | Vacant | South Carolina re-admitted into the Union | nowrap | Manuel S. Corley (R) | July 25, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Roscoe Conkling (R) | Resigned March 4, 1867, after being elected to the US Senate | nowrap | Alexander H. Bailey (R) | November 30, 1867

|- | | nowrap | Elijah Hise (D) | Died May 8, 1867 | nowrap | Jacob Golladay (D) | December 5, 1867

|- | | nowrap | Charles Denison (D) | Died June 27, 1867 | nowrap | George W. Woodward (D) | November 21, 1867

|- | | nowrap | Rutherford B. Hayes (R) | Resigned July 20, 1867, after being nominated Governor of Ohio | nowrap | Samuel F. Cary (IR) | November 21, 1867

|- | | nowrap | Thomas E. Noell (D) | Died October 3, 1867 | nowrap | James R. McCormick (D) | December 17, 1867

|- | | nowrap | Cornelius S. Hamilton (R) | Killed by insane son December 22, 1867 | nowrap | John Beatty (R) | February 5, 1868

|- | | nowrap | George W. Morgan (D) | Lost contested election June 3, 1868 | nowrap | Columbus Delano (R) | June 3, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Joseph W. McClurg (R) | Resigned in July 1868 | nowrap | John H. Stover (R) | December 7, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Thaddeus Stevens (R) | Died August 11, 1868 | nowrap | Oliver J. Dickey (R) | December 7, 1868

|- | | nowrap | Darwin A. Finney (R) | Died August 25, 1868 | nowrap | S. Newton Pettis (R) | December 7, 1868

|- | | nowrap | James Mann (D) | Died August 26, 1868 | Vacant | Not filled this term

|- | | nowrap | James M. Hinds (R) | Assassinated October 22, 1868 | nowrap | James T. Elliott (R) | January 13, 1869

|- | | nowwap | Charles P. Clever (D) | Lost contested election February 20, 1869 | nowrap | J. Francisco Chaves (R) | February 20, 1869

|}

Committees

Senate

• Agriculture (Chairman: Simon Cameron; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Tipton)

• Appropriations (Chairman: Lot M. Morrill; Ranking Member: Cornelius Cole)

• Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Aaron H. Cragin; Ranking Member: Charles R. Buckalew)

• Claims (Chairman: Timothy O. Howe; Ranking Member: Justin S. Morrill)

• Commerce (Chairman: Zachariah Chandler; Ranking Member: Henry W. Corbett)

• Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

• District of Columbia (Chairman: James Harlan; Ranking Member: James W. Patterson)

• Education

• Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Joseph S. Fowler; Ranking Member: Daniel S. Norton)

• Finance (Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: Alexander G. Cattell)

• Foreign Relations (Chairman: Charles Sumner; Ranking Member: Oliver P. Morton)

• Impeachment of President Andrew Johnson (Select)

• Impeachment Trial Investigation (Select)

• Indian Affairs (Chairman: John B. Henderson; Ranking Member: John M. Thayer)

• Judiciary (Chairman: Lyman Trumbull; Ranking Member: Roscoe Conkling)

• Manufactures (Chairman: William Sprague IV; Ranking Member: Cornelius Cole)

• Military Affairs and the Militia (Chairman: Henry Wilson; Ranking Member: Oliver P. Morton)

• Mines and Mining (Chairman: John Conness; Ranking Member: Richard Yates)

• Naval Affairs (Chairman: James W. Grimes; Ranking Member: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen)

• Ninth Census (Select)

• Ordnance and War Ships (Select) (Chairman: Jacob M. Howard; Ranking Member: Charles D. Drake)

• Pacific Railroad (Chairman: Jacob M. Howard; Ranking Member: William M. Stewart)

• Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: Waitman T. Willey; Ranking Member: Orris S. Ferry)

• Pensions (Chairman: Peter G. Van Winkle; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Tipton)

• Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Alexander Ramsey; Ranking Member: James Harlan)

• Private Land Claims (Chairman: Godlove Stein Orth; Ranking Member: Daniel S. Norton)

• Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: William P. Fessenden; Ranking Member: Orris S. Ferry)

• Public Lands (Chairman: Samuel C. Pomeroy; Ranking Member: George H. Williams)

• Representative Reform (Select)

• Retrenchment (Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: James W. Patterson)

• Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Roscoe Conkling; Ranking Member: N/A)

• Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: James W. Nye; Ranking Member: David T. Patterson)

• Rules

• Tariff Regulation (Select)

• Territories (Chairman: Richard Yates; Ranking Member: Alexander Ramsey)

• Treasury Printing Bureau (Select)

• Whole

House of Representatives

• Accounts (Chairman: John M. Broomall; Ranking Member: William C. Fields)

• Agriculture (Chairman: Rowland E. Trowbridge; Ranking Member: John T. Wilson)

• Appropriations (Chairman: Thaddeus Stevens; Ranking Member: Benjamin F. Butler)

• Banking and Currency (Chairman: Theodore M. Pomeroy; Ranking Member: Norman B. Judd)

• Claims (Chairman: John A. Bingham; Ranking Member: Amasa Cobb)

• Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: William D. Kelley; Ranking Member: John Hill)

• Commerce (Chairman: Elihu B. Washburne; Ranking Member: James M. Humphrey)

• District of Columbia (Chairman: Ebon C. Ingersoll; Ranking Member: Fernando Wood)

• Education and Labor (Chairman: Jehu Baker; Ranking Member: Thomas Cornell)

• Elections (Chairman: Henry L. Dawes; Ranking Member: Burton C. Cook)

• Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Chester D. Hubbard; Ranking Member: Ginery Twichell)

• Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Charles Upson; Ranking Member: Francis Thomas)

• Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: William A. Pile; Ranking Member: John H. Ketcham)

• Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Samuel M. Arnell; Ranking Member: Reader W. Clarke)

• Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: James M. Marvin; Ranking Member: Bethuel M. Kitchen)

• Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Williams; Ranking Member: Charles E. Phelps)

• Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Cadwallader C. Washburn; Ranking Member: Stevenson Archer)

• Freedmen's Affairs (Chairman: Thomas D. Eliot; Ranking Member: Daniel J. Morrell)

• Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Nathaniel P. Banks; Ranking Member: Austin Blair)

• Indian Affairs (Chairman: William Windom; Ranking Member: Glenni W. Scofield)

• Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Sidney Perham; Ranking Member: George F. Miller)

• Judiciary (Chairman: James F. Wilson; Ranking Member: William Lawrence)

• Manufactures (Chairman: Daniel J. Morrell; Ranking Member: William Moore)

• Mileage (Chairman: George W. Anderson; Ranking Member: Green B. Raum)

• Military Affairs (Chairman: James A. Garfield; Ranking Member: Green B. Raum)

• Militia (Chairman: Halbert E. Paine; Ranking Member: Austin Blair)

• Mines and Mining (Chairman: William Higby; Ranking Member: Morton C. Hunter)

• Naval Affairs (Chairman: Frederick A. Pike; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Ferry)

• Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Hiram Price; Ranking Member: Oakes Ames)

• Patents (Chairman: Thomas A. Jenckes; Ranking Member: Henry P.H. Bromwell)

• Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John F. Farnsworth; Ranking Member: John Lynch)

• Private Land Claims (Chairman: Godlove Stein Orth; Ranking Member: Alexander H. Bailey)

• Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: John Covode; Ranking Member: William Moore)

• Public Expenditures (Chairman: Calvin T. Hulburd; Ranking Member: John Coburn)

• Public Lands (Chairman: George W. Julian; Ranking Member: George W. Anderson)

• Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Luke P. Poland; Ranking Member: William Windom)

• Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Hamilton Ward; Ranking Member: Daniel Polsley)

• Revolutionary Pensions and the War of 1812 (Chairman: Benjamin F. Loan; Ranking Member: Lewis Selye)

• Roads and Canals (Chairman: Burton C. Cook; Ranking Member: Grenville M. Dodge)

• Rules (Select) (Chairman: Schuyler Colfax; Ranking Member: James G. Blaine)

• Standards of Official Conduct

• Territories (Chairman: James M. Ashley; Ranking Member: James Mullins)

• Ways and Means (Chairman: Robert C. Schenck; Ranking Member: John A. Logan)

• Whole

Joint committees

• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

• Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Stephen F. Wilson; Vice Chairman: Rep. William S. Holman)

• The Library (Chairman: John D. Baldwin; Vice Chairman: Rep. Rufus P. Spalding)

• Printing (Chairman: Rep. Addison H. Laflin; Vice Chairman: Rep. Henry L. Cake)

• Ordnance (Select) (Chairman: Rep. John A. Logan; Vice Chairman: Rep. Robert C. Schenck)

• Reorganize the Civil Service in the Departments

• Retrenchment (Chairman: Rep. Charles H. Van Wyck; Vice Chairman: Rep. Thomas A. Jenckes)

• Revise and Equalize the Pay of the Employees of Each House

• To Examine the Accounts for Repairs and Furnishing of the Executive Mansion (Chairman: Rep. Rufus P. Spalding; Vice Chairman: Rep. Adam J. Glossbrenner)

Caucuses

• Democratic (House)

• Democratic (Senate)

Employees

List of federal agencies in the United States#United States CongressLegislative branch agency directors

• Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark, appointed August 30, 1865

• Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Senate

• Chaplain of the Senate: Edgar H. Gray (Baptist)

Secretary of the Senate: John W. Forney, until June 4, 1868

• George C. Gorham, elected June 4, 1868

• Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: George T. Brown

House of Representatives

• Chaplain of the House: Charles B. Boynton (Congregationalist)

• Clerk of the House: Edward McPherson

• Doorkeeper of the House: Charles E. Lippincott

• Messenger to the Speaker: William D. Todd

• Postmaster of the House: William S. King

• Reading Clerks: Edward W. Barber (D) and William K. Mehaffey (R)

• Sergeant at Arms of the House: Nehemiah G. Ordway

See also

1866 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)

• 1866–67 United States Senate elections

• 1866–67 United States House of Representatives elections

1868 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)

• 1868 United States presidential election

• 1868–69 United States Senate elections

• 1868–69 United States House of Representatives elections

Notes

References

External links

• Statutes at Large, 1789-1875

• Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

• U.S. House of Representatives: House History

• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists