Wikipedia / 45th United States Congress
Wikipedia / 45th United States Congress
The 45th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1877, to March 4, 1879, during the first two years of Rutherford Hayes's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.
The 45th Congress remained politically divided between a Democratic House and Republican Senate. President Hayes vetoed an Army appropriations bill from the House which would have ended Reconstruction and prohibited the use of federal troops to protect polling stations in the former Confederacy. Striking back, Congress overrode another of Hayes's vetoes and enacted the Bland-Allison Act that required the purchase and coining of silver. Congress also approved a generous increase in pension eligibility for Northern Civil War veterans.
Major events
March 4, 1877: Rutherford B. Hayes became President of the United States
Major legislation
February 28, 1878: Bland–Allison Act (Coinage Act (Silver Dollar)), Sess. 2, ch. 20,
April 29, 1878: National Quarantine Act of 1878, Sess. 2, ch. 66,
June 3, 1878: Timber and Stone Act, Sess. 2, ch. 151,
June 18, 1878: Posse Comitatus Act, Sess. 2, ch. 263, §15,
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
During this Congress, two Senate seats and one House seat were added for the new state, Colorado.
Senate
Republicans controlled the Senate through a VP-tie-breaking majority.
House of Representatives
Leadership
Senate
House of Representatives
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1880; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1882; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1878.
List of United States senators from AlabamaAlabama
2. John T. Morgan (D)
3. George E. Spencer (R)
List of United States senators from ArkansasArkansas
2. Augustus H. Garland (D)
3. Stephen W. Dorsey (R)
List of United States senators from CaliforniaCalifornia
1. Newton Booth (AM)
3. Aaron A. Sargent (R)
List of United States senators from ColoradoColorado
2. Henry M. Teller (R)
3. Jerome B. Chaffee (R)
List of United States senators from ConnecticutConnecticut
1. William W. Eaton (D)
3. William H. Barnum (D)
List of United States senators from DelawareDelaware
1. Thomas F. Bayard Sr. (D)
2. Eli Saulsbury (D)
List of United States senators from FloridaFlorida
1. Charles W. Jones (D)
3. Simon B. Conover (R)
List of United States senators from GeorgiaGeorgia
2. Benjamin H. Hill (D)
3. John B. Gordon (D)
List of United States senators from IllinoisIllinois
2. David Davis (I)
3. Richard J. Oglesby (R)
List of United States senators from IndianaIndiana
1. Joseph E. McDonald (D)
3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R), until November 1, 1877
Daniel W. Voorhees (D), from November 6, 1877
List of United States senators from IowaIowa
2. Samuel J. Kirkwood (R)
3. William B. Allison (R)
List of United States senators from KansasKansas
2. Preston B. Plumb (R)
3. John J. Ingalls (R)
List of United States senators from KentuckyKentucky
2. James B. Beck (D)
3. Thomas C. McCreery (D)
List of United States senators from LouisianaLouisiana
2. William Pitt Kellogg (R)
3. James B. Eustis (D)
List of United States senators from MaineMaine
1. Hannibal Hamlin (R)
2. James G. Blaine (R)
List of United States senators from MarylandMaryland
1. William Pinkney Whyte (D)
3. George R. Dennis (D)
List of United States senators from MassachusettsMassachusetts
1. Henry L. Dawes (R)
2. George F. Hoar (R)
List of United States senators from MichiganMichigan
1. Isaac P. Christiancy (R), until February 10, 1879
Zachariah Chandler (R), from February 22, 1879
2. Thomas W. Ferry (R)
List of United States senators from MinnesotaMinnesota
1. Samuel J. R. McMillan (R)
2. William Windom (R)
List of United States senators from MississippiMississippi
1. Blanche Bruce (R)
2. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D)
List of United States senators from MissouriMissouri
1. Francis Cockrell (D)
3. Lewis V. Bogy (D), until September 20, 1877
David H. Armstrong (D), September 29, 1877 - January 26, 1879
James Shields (D), from January 27, 1879
List of United States senators from NebraskaNebraska
1. Algernon Paddock (R)
2. Alvin Saunders (R)
List of United States senators from NevadaNevada
1. William Sharon (R)
3. John P. Jones (R)
List of United States senators from New HampshireNew Hampshire
2. Edward H. Rollins (R)
3. Bainbridge Wadleigh (R)
List of United States senators from New JerseyNew Jersey
1. Theodore F. Randolph (D)
2. John R. McPherson (D)
List of United States senators from New YorkNew York
1. Francis Kernan (D)
3. Roscoe Conkling (R)
List of United States senators from North CarolinaNorth Carolina
2. Matt W. Ransom (D)
3. Augustus S. Merrimon (D)
List of United States senators from OhioOhio
1. Allen G. Thurman (D)
3. John Sherman (R), until March 8, 1877
Stanley Matthews (R), from March 21, 1877
List of United States senators from OregonOregon
2. La Fayette Grover (D)
3. John H. Mitchell (R)
List of United States senators from PennsylvaniaPennsylvania
1. William A. Wallace (D)
3. Simon Cameron (R), until March 12, 1877
J. Donald Cameron (R), from March 20, 1877
List of United States senators from Rhode IslandRhode Island
1. Ambrose Burnside (R)
2. Henry B. Anthony (R)
List of United States senators from South CarolinaSouth Carolina
2. Matthew C. Butler (D)
3. John J. Patterson (R)
List of United States senators from TennesseeTennessee
1. James E. Bailey (D)
2. Isham G. Harris (D)
List of United States senators from TexasTexas
1. Samuel B. Maxey (D)
2. Richard Coke (D)
List of United States senators from VermontVermont
1. George F. Edmunds (R)
3. Justin S. Morrill (R)
List of United States senators from VirginiaVirginia
1. Robert E. Withers (D)
2. John W. Johnston (D)
List of United States senators from West VirginiaWest Virginia
1. Frank Hereford (D)
2. Henry G. Davis (D)
List of United States senators from WisconsinWisconsin
1. Angus Cameron (R)
3. Timothy O. Howe (R)
House of Representatives
The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
List of United States representatives from AlabamaAlabama
. James T. Jones (D)
. Hilary A. Herbert (D)
. Jeremiah N. Williams (D)
. Charles M. Shelley (D)
. Robert F. Ligon (D)
. Goldsmith W. Hewitt (D)
. William H. Forney (D)
. William W. Garth (D)
List of United States representatives from ArkansasArkansas
. Lucien C. Gause (D)
. William F. Slemons (D)
. Jordan E. Cravens (ID)
. Thomas M. Gunter (D)
List of United States representatives from CaliforniaCalifornia
. Horace Davis (R)
. Horace F. Page (R)
. John K. Luttrell (D)
. Romualdo Pacheco (R), until February 7, 1878
Peter D. Wigginton (D), from February 7, 1878
List of United States representatives from ColoradoColorado
. James B. Belford (R), until December 13, 1877
Thomas M. Patterson (D), from December 13, 1877
List of United States representatives from ConnecticutConnecticut
. George M. Landers (D)
. James Phelps (D)
. John T. Wait (R)
. Levi Warner (D)
List of United States representatives from DelawareDelaware
. James Williams (D)
List of United States representatives from FloridaFlorida
. Robert H. M. Davidson (D)
. Horatio Bisbee Jr. (R), until February 20, 1879
Jesse J. Finley (D), from February 20, 1879
List of United States representatives from GeorgiaGeorgia
. Julian Hartridge (D), until January 8, 1879
William B. Fleming (D), from February 10, 1879
. William E. Smith (D)
. Philip Cook (D)
. Henry R. Harris (D)
. Milton A. Candler (D)
. James H. Blount (D)
. William H. Felton (ID)
. Alexander H. Stephens (D)
. Hiram P. Bell (D), from March 13, 1877
List of United States representatives from IllinoisIllinois
. William Aldrich (R)
. Carter H. Harrison (D)
. Lorenzo Brentano (R)
. William Lathrop (R)
. Horatio C. Burchard (R)
. Thomas J. Henderson (R)
. Philip C. Hayes (R)
. Greenbury L. Fort (R)
. Thomas A. Boyd (R)
. Benjamin F. Marsh (R)
. Robert M. Knapp (D)
. William M. Springer (D)
. Thomas F. Tipton (R)
. Joseph G. Cannon (R)
. John R. Eden (D)
. William A. J. Sparks (D)
. William R. Morrison (D)
. William Hartzell (D)
. Richard W. Townshend (D)
List of United States representatives from IndianaIndiana
. Benoni S. Fuller (D)
. Thomas R. Cobb (D)
. George A. Bicknell (D)
. Leonidas Sexton (R)
. Thomas M. Browne (R)
. Milton S. Robinson (R)
. John Hanna (R)
. Morton C. Hunter (R)
. Michael D. White (R)
. William H. Calkins (R)
. James L. Evans (R)
. Andrew H. Hamilton (D)
. John Baker (R)
List of United States representatives from IowaIowa
. Joseph C. Stone (R)
. Hiram Price (R)
. Theodore W. Burdick (R)
. Nathaniel C. Deering (R)
. Rush Clark (R)
. Ezekiel S. Sampson (R)
. Henry J. B. Cummings (R)
. William F. Sapp (R)
. S. Addison Oliver (R)
List of United States representatives from KansasKansas
. William A. Phillips (R)
. Dudley C. Haskell (R)
. Thomas Ryan (R)
List of United States representatives from KentuckyKentucky
. Andrew Boone (D)
. James A. McKenzie (D)
. John William Caldwell (D)
. J. Proctor Knott (D)
. Albert S. Willis (D)
. John G. Carlisle (D)
. Joseph C. S. Blackburn (D)
. Milton J. Durham (D)
. Thomas Turner (D)
. John B. Clarke (D)
List of United States representatives from LouisianaLouisiana
. Randall L. Gibson (D)
. E. John Ellis (D)
. Chester B. Darrall (R), until February 20, 1878
Joseph H. Acklen (D), from February 20, 1878
. Joseph B. Elam (D)
. John E. Leonard (R), until March 15, 1878
John S. Young (D), from November 5, 1878
. Edward W. Robertson (D)
List of United States representatives from MaineMaine
. Thomas B. Reed (R)
. William P. Frye (R)
. Stephen D. Lindsey (R)
. Llewellyn Powers (R)
. Eugene Hale (R)
List of United States representatives from MarylandMaryland
. Daniel M. Henry (D)
. Charles B. Roberts (D)
. William Kimmel (D)
. Thomas Swann (D)
. Eli J. Henkle (D)
. William Walsh (D)
List of United States representatives from MassachusettsMassachusetts
. William W. Crapo (R)
. Benjamin W. Harris (R)
. Walbridge A. Field (R), until March 28, 1878
Benjamin Dean (D), from March 28, 1878
. Leopold Morse (D)
. Nathaniel P. Banks (R)
. George B. Loring (R)
. Benjamin F. Butler (R)
. William Claflin (R)
. William W. Rice (R)
. Amasa Norcross (R)
. George D. Robinson (R)
List of United States representatives from MichiganMichigan
. Alpheus S. Williams (D), until December 21, 1878
. Edwin Willits (R)
. Jonas H. McGowan (R)
. Edwin W. Keightley (R)
. John W. Stone (R)
. Mark S. Brewer (R)
. Omar D. Conger (R)
. Charles C. Ellsworth (R)
. Jay A. Hubbell (R)
List of United States representatives from MinnesotaMinnesota
. Mark H. Dunnell (R)
. Horace B. Strait (R)
. Jacob H. Stewart (R)
List of United States representatives from MississippiMississippi
. Henry L. Muldrow (D)
. Vannoy H. Manning (D)
. Hernando Money (D)
. Otho R. Singleton (D)
. Charles E. Hooker (D)
. James R. Chalmers (D)
List of United States representatives from MissouriMissouri
. Anthony F. Ittner (R)
. Nathan Cole (R)
. Lyne S. Metcalfe (R)
. Robert A. Hatcher (D)
. Richard P. Bland (D)
. Charles H. Morgan (D)
. Thomas T. Crittenden (D)
. Benjamin J. Franklin (D)
. David Rea (D)
. Henry M. Pollard (R)
. John B. Clark Jr. (D)
. John M. Glover (D)
. Aylett H. Buckner (D)
List of United States representatives from NebraskaNebraska
. Frank Welch (R), until September 4, 1878
Thomas J. Majors (R), from November 5, 1878
List of United States representatives from NevadaNevada
. Thomas Wren (R)
List of United States representatives from New HampshireNew Hampshire
. Frank Jones (D)
. James F. Briggs (R)
. Henry W. Blair (R)
List of United States representatives from New JerseyNew Jersey
. Clement H. Sinnickson (R)
. John H. Pugh (R)
. Miles Ross (D)
. Alvah A. Clark (D)
. Augustus W. Cutler (D)
. Thomas B. Peddie (R)
. Augustus A. Hardenbergh (D)
List of United States representatives from New YorkNew York
. James W. Covert (D)
. William D. Veeder (D)
. Simeon B. Chittenden (R)
. Archibald M. Bliss (D)
. Nicholas Muller (D)
. Samuel S. Cox (D)
. Anthony Eickhoff (D)
. Anson G. McCook (R)
. Fernando Wood (D)
. Abram S. Hewitt (D)
. Benjamin A. Willis (D)
. Clarkson N. Potter (D)
. John H. Ketcham (R)
. George M. Beebe (D)
. Stephen L. Mayham (D)
. Terence J. Quinn (D), until June 18, 1878
John M. Bailey (R), from November 5, 1878
. Martin I. Townsend (R)
. Andrew Williams (R)
. Amaziah B. James (R)
. John H. Starin (R)
. Solomon Bundy (R)
. George A. Bagley (R)
. William J. Bacon (R)
. William H. Baker (R)
. Frank Hiscock (R)
. John H. Camp (R)
. Elbridge G. Lapham (R)
. Jeremiah W. Dwight (R)
. John N. Hungerford (R)
. E. Kirke Hart (D)
. Charles B. Benedict (D)
. Daniel N. Lockwood (D)
. George W. Patterson (R)
List of United States representatives from North CarolinaNorth Carolina
. Jesse J. Yeates (D)
. Curtis H. Brogden (R)
. Alfred M. Waddell (D)
. Joseph J. Davis (D)
. Alfred M. Scales (D)
. Walter L. Steele (D)
. William M. Robbins (D)
. Robert B. Vance (D)
List of United States representatives from OhioOhio
. Milton Sayler (D)
. Henry B. Banning (D)
. Mills Gardner (R)
. John A. McMahon (D)
. Americus V. Rice (D)
. Jacob D. Cox (R)
. Henry L. Dickey (D)
. J. Warren Keifer (R)
. John S. Jones (R)
. Charles Foster (R)
. Henry S. Neal (R)
. Thomas Ewing Jr. (D)
. Milton I. Southard (D)
. Ebenezer B. Finley (D)
. Nelson H. Van Vorhes (R)
. Lorenzo Danford (R)
. William McKinley (R)
. James Monroe (R)
. James A. Garfield (R)
. Amos Townsend (R)
List of United States representatives from OregonOregon
. Richard Williams (R)
List of United States representatives from PennsylvaniaPennsylvania
. Chapman Freeman (R)
. Charles O'Neill (R)
. Samuel J. Randall (D)
. William D. Kelley (R)
. Alfred C. Harmer (R)
. William Ward (R)
. I. Newton Evans (R)
. Hiester Clymer (D)
. A. Herr Smith (R)
. Samuel A. Bridges (D)
. Francis D. Collins (D)
. Hendrick B. Wright (D)
. James B. Reilly (D)
. John W. Killinger (R)
. Edward Overton Jr. (R)
. John I. Mitchell (R)
. Jacob M. Campbell (R)
. William Stenger (D)
. Levi Maish (D)
. Levi A. Mackey (D)
. Jacob Turney (D)
. Russell Errett (R)
. Thomas M. Bayne (R)
. William S. Shallenberger (R)
. Harry White (R)
. John M. Thompson (R)
. Lewis F. Watson (R)
List of United States representatives from Rhode IslandRhode Island
. Benjamin T. Eames (R)
. Latimer W. Ballou (R)
List of United States representatives from South CarolinaSouth Carolina
. Joseph Rainey (R)
. Richard H. Cain (R)
. D. Wyatt Aiken (D)
. John H. Evins (D)
. Robert Smalls (R)
List of United States representatives from TennesseeTennessee
. James H. Randolph (R)
. Jacob M. Thornburgh (R)
. George G. Dibrell (D)
. Haywood Y. Riddle (D)
. John M. Bright (D)
. John F. House (D)
. Washington C. Whitthorne (D)
. John D. C. Atkins (D)
. William P. Caldwell (D)
. H. Casey Young (D)
List of United States representatives from TexasTexas
. John H. Reagan (D)
. David B. Culberson (D)
. James W. Throckmorton (D)
. Roger Q. Mills (D)
. Dewitt C. Giddings (D)
. Gustave Schleicher (D), until January 10, 1879
List of United States representatives from VermontVermont
. Charles H. Joyce (R)
. Dudley C. Denison (R)
. George W. Hendee (R)
List of United States representatives from VirginiaVirginia
. Beverly B. Douglas (D), until December 22, 1878
Richard Lee T. Beale (D), from January 23, 1879
. John Goode Jr. (D)
. Gilbert C. Walker (D)
. Joseph Jorgensen (R)
. George Cabell (D)
. John R. Tucker (D)
. John T. Harris (D)
. Eppa Hutton, II (D)
. Auburn Pridemore (D)
List of United States representatives from West VirginiaWest Virginia
. Benjamin Wilson (D)
. Benjamin F. Martin (D)
. John E. Kenna (D)
List of United States representatives from WisconsinWisconsin
. Charles G. Williams (R)
. Lucien B. Caswell (R)
. George C. Hazelton (R)
. William P. Lynde (D)
. Edward S. Bragg (D)
. Gabriel Bouck (D)
. Herman L. Humphrey (R)
. Thaddeus C. Pound (R)
Non-voting members
. Hiram S. Stevens (D)
. Jefferson P. Kidder (R)
. Stephen S. Fenn (D)
. Martin Maginnis (D)
. Trinidad Romero (R)
. George Q. Cannon (R)
. Orange Jacobs (R)
. William W. Corlett (R)
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
Replacements: 5
Democratic: 1 seat net gain
Republican: 1 seat net loss
Deaths: 2
Resignations: 3
Interim appointments: 1
Contested elections: 0
Total seats with changes: 5
|- | Ohio (3) | nowrap | John Sherman (R) | Resigned March 8, 1877 to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.Successor elected March 21, 1877. | nowrap | Stanley Matthews (R) | March 21, 1877
|- | Pennsylvania (3) | nowrap | Simon Cameron (R) | Resigned March 12, 1877.Successor elected March 20, 1877. | nowrap | J. Donald Cameron (R) | March 20, 1877
|- | Missouri (3) | nowrap | Lewis V. Bogy (D) | Died September 20, 1877.Successor was appointed September 29, 1877, to continue the term. | nowrap | David H. Armstrong (D) | September 29, 1877
|- | Indiana (3) | nowrap | Oliver P. Morton (R) | Died November 1, 1877.Successor elected January 31, 1879. | nowrap | Daniel W. Voorhees (D) | November 6, 1877
|- | Missouri (3) | nowrap | David H. Armstrong (D) | Interim appointee retired.Successor elected January 26, 1879. | nowrap | James Shields (D) | January 27, 1879
|- | Michigan (1) | nowrap | Isaac P. Christiancy (R) | Resigned February 10, 1879 due to ill health.Successor elected February 22, 1879. | nowrap | Zachariah Chandler (R) | February 22, 1879
|}
House of Representatives
Replacements: 10
Democratic: 5 seat net gain
Republican: 5 seat net loss
Deaths: 7
Resignations: 1
Contested election: 5
Total seats with changes: 13
|- | | Vacant | Rep. Benjamin Harvey Hill resigned in previous congress | nowrap | Hiram P. Bell (D) | March 13, 1877 |- | | nowrap | James B. Belford (R) | Lost contested election December 13, 1877 | nowrap | Thomas M. Patterson (D) | December 13, 1877 |- | | nowrap | Romualdo Pacheco (R) | Lost contested election February 7, 1878 | nowrap | Peter D. Wigginton (D) | February 7, 1878 |- | | nowrap | Chester B. Darrall (R) | Lost contested election February 20, 1878 | nowrap | Joseph H. Acklen (D) | February 20, 1878 |- | | nowrap | John E. Leonard (R) | Died March 15, 1878 | nowrap | J. Smith Young (D) | November 5, 1878 |- | | nowrap | Walbridge A. Field (R) | Lost contested election March 28, 1878 | nowrap | Benjamin Dean (D) | March 28, 1878 |- | | nowrap | Terence J. Quinn (D) | Died June 18, 1878 | nowrap | John M. Bailey (R) | November 5, 1878 |- | | nowrap | Frank Welch (R) | style="font-size:80%" |Died September 4, 1878 | nowrap | Thomas J. Majors (R) | November 5, 1878 |- | | nowrap | Alpheus S. Williams (D) | Died December 21, 1878 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | | nowrap | Beverly B. Douglas (D) | Died December 22, 1878 | nowrap | Richard L. T. Beale (D) | January 23, 1879 |- | | nowrap | Julian Hartridge (D) | Died January 8, 1879 | nowrap | William B. Fleming (D) | February 10, 1879 |- | | nowrap | Gustav Schleicher (D) | Died January 10, 1879 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | | nowrap | Horatio Bisbee Jr. (R) | Lost contested election February 20, 1879 | nowrap | Jesse J. Finley (D) | February 20, 1879 |}
Committees
Senate
Agriculture (Chairman: Algernon S. Paddock; Ranking Member: Henry G. Davis)
Appropriations (Chairman: William Windom; Ranking Member: Henry G. Davis)
Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: John P. Jones; Ranking Member: George R. Dennis)
Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: Henry M. Teller; Ranking Member: Thomas C. McCreery)
Claims (Chairman: Samuel J. R. McMillan; Ranking Member: Francis M. Cockrell)
Commerce (Chairman: Roscoe Conkling; Ranking Member: John B. Gordon)
Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Stephen W. Dorsey; Ranking Member: Augustus S. Merrimon)
Education and Labor (Chairman: Ambrose E. Burnside; Ranking Member: John B. Gordon)
Elections of 1878 (Select)
Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Thomas F. Bayard; Ranking Member: Henry B. Anthony)
Epidemic Diseases (Select)
Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service (Select) (Chairman: Jerome B. Chaffee; Ranking Member: Augustus S. Merrimon)
Finance (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Bayard)
Foreign Relations (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: Thomas C. McCreery)
Hot Springs (Arkansas) Commission (Special)
Indian Affairs (Chairman: William B. Allison; Ranking Member: Thomas C. McCreery)
Judiciary (Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: David Davis)
Late Presidential Election Louisiana
Manufactures (Chairman: Edward H. Rollins; Ranking Member: John W. Johnston)
Mexican Relations (Select)
Military Affairs (Chairman: George E. Spencer; Ranking Member: Theodore F. Randolph)
Mines and Mining (Chairman: William Sharon; Ranking Member: Frank Hereford)
Mississippi River Levee System (Select) (Chairman: Blanche Bruce; Ranking Member: Francis M. Cockrell)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: Aaron A. Sargent; Ranking Member: William P. Whyte)
Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
Patents (Chairman: Newton Booth; Ranking Member: Francis Kernan)
Pensions (Chairman: John J. Ingalls; Ranking Member: Robert E. Withers)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Thomas W. Ferry; Ranking Member: Ambrose E. Burnside)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: Allen G. Thurman; Ranking Member: Isaac P. Christiancy)
Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Bainbridge Wadleigh; Ranking Member: John J. Ingalls)
Public Lands (Chairman: Richard J. Oglesby; Ranking Member: Joseph E. McDonald)
Railroads (Chairman: John H. Mitchell; Ranking Member: Stanley Matthews)
Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Isaac P. Christiancy; Ranking Member: William A. Wallace)
Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: John W. Johnston; Ranking Member: Henry L. Dawes)
Rules (Chairman: James G. Blaine; Ranking Member: Augustus S. Merrimon)
Tariff Regulation (Select)
Tenth Census (Select) (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: N/A)
Territories (Chairman: John J. Patterson; Ranking Member: Augustus H. Garland)
Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Select) (Chairman: Angus Cameron; Ranking Member: N/A)
Treasury Department Account Discrepancies (Select) (Chairman: Henry G. Davis; Ranking Member: John J. Ingalls)
House of Representatives
Accounts (Chairman: Charles B. Roberts; Ranking Member: Henry W. Blair)
Agriculture (Chairman: Augustus W. Cutler; Ranking Member: Walter L. Steele)
Appropriations (Chairman: John DeWitt Clinton Atkins; Ranking Member: Eugene Hale)
Banking and Currency (Chairman: Aylett H. Buckner; Ranking Member: Elizur K. Hart)
Claims (Chairman: John M. Bright; Ranking Member: Daniel N. Lockwood)
Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Alexander H. Stephens; Ranking Member: John B. Clarke)
Commerce (Chairman: John H. Reagan; Ranking Member: John E. Kenna)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Alpheus S. Williams then Joseph C.S. Blackburn; Ranking Member: Gabriel Bouck)
Education and Labor (Chairman: John Goode; Ranking Member: Van H. Manning)
Elections (Chairman: John T. Harris; Ranking Member: E. John Ellis)
Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Andrew H. Hamilton; Ranking Member: Nelson H. Van Vorhes)
Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: William A.J. Sparks; Ranking Member: Edwin Willits)
Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: Edward S. Bragg; Ranking Member: Nicholas Muller)
Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Benjamin A. Willis; Ranking Member: Jay A. Hubbell)
Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Jeremiah N. Williams; Ranking Member: Curtis H. Brogden)
Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: William M. Springer; Ranking Member: Thomas M. Bayne)
Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: John M. Glover; Ranking Member: Henry L. Dickey)
Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: Joseph C. S. Blackburn; Ranking Member: Benjamin T. Eames)
Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: William P. Lynde; Ranking Member: William S. Stenger)
Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Thomas Swann; Ranking Member: Benjamin Wilson)
Indian Affairs (Chairman: Alfred M. Scales; Ranking Member: George M. Beebe)
Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Americus V. Rice; Ranking Member: Clement H. Sinnickson)
Judiciary (Chairman: J. Proctor Knott; Ranking Member: David B. Culberson)
Manufactures (Chairman: Hendrick B. Wright; Ranking Member: Robert F. Ligon)
Mileage (Chairman: Thomas R. Cobb; Ranking Member: Lorenzo Danford)
Military Affairs (Chairman: Henry B. Banning; Ranking Member: Edward S. Bragg)
Militia (Chairman: Miles Ross; Ranking Member: Thomas Turner)
Mines and Mining (Chairman: George M. Beebe; Ranking Member: James T. Jones)
Mississippi Levees (Chairman: Edward W. Robertson; Ranking Member: Benjamin F. Martin)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: Washington C. Whitthorne; Ranking Member: Benjamin W. Harris)
Pacific Railroads (Chairman: James W. Throckmorton; Ranking Member: Charles O'Neill)
Patents (Chairman: Robert B. Vance; Ranking Member: Augustus W. Cutler)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Alfred M. Waddell; Ranking Member: Terence J. Quinn then Joseph G. Cannon)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: Thomas M. Gunter; Ranking Member: Dudley C. Denison)
Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Philip Cook; Ranking Member: James A. McKenzie)
Public Expenditures (Chairman: Robert A. Hatcher; Ranking Member: Robert H.M. Davidson)
Public Lands (Chairman: William R. Morrison; Ranking Member: William E. Smith)
Railways and Canals (Chairman: George C. Cabell; Ranking Member: Alvah A. Clark)
Revision of Laws (Chairman: William Walsh; Ranking Member: Walbridge A. Field)
Rules (Select) (Chairman: Samuel J. Randall; Ranking Member: James A. Garfield)
Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman: Levi A. Mackey; Ranking Member: William Kimmel)
Territories (Chairman: Benjamin J. Franklin; Ranking Member: George A. Bagley)
War Claims (Chairman: John R. Eden; Ranking Member: S. Addison Oliver)
Ways and Means (Chairman: Fernando Wood; Ranking Member: William D. Kelley)
Joint committees
Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Andrew H. Hamilton; Vice Chairman: Rep. Nelson H. Van Vorhes)
The Library (Chairman: Rep. Samuel S. Cox; Vice Chairman: Rep. Eugene Hale)
Printing (Chairman: Rep. Otho R. Singleton; Vice Chairman: Rep. Latimer W. Ballou)
Reorganization of the Army
Transfer of the Indian Bureau
Caucuses
Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)
Employees
List of federal agencies in the United States#United States CongressLegislative branch agency directors
Senate
Librarian: George F. Dawson
House of Representatives
Chaplain: I.L. Townsend (Episcopalian), until October 15, 1877
John Poise (Methodist), until December 3, 1877
W. P. Harrison (Methodist), elected December 3, 1877
Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: William H. Scudder
Doorkeeper: John W. Polk, elected October 17, 1877
Charles W. Field, elected April 8, 1878
Postmaster: James M. Steuart
Reading Clerks: Thomas S. Pettit (D) and Neill S. Brown Jr. (R)
See also
1876 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
1878 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)