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Wikipedia / List of Python software

The Python programming language is actively used by many people, both in industry and academia, for a wide variety of purposes.

Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) for Python

Unit testing frameworks

Python package managers and Python distributions

Applications

Productivity

Multimedia

Gaming

File hosting

Network tools

  • Celery – an asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.

  • Conch – implementation of the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol with Twisted.

  • Shinken – a computer system and network monitoring software application compatible with Nagios.

  • Wicd – a network manager for Linux.

  • Xpra – a tool which runs X clients, usually on a remote host, and directs their display to the local machine without losing any state.

Package managers

Software management

Other

Web applications

Video games

Web frameworks

  • BlueBream – a rewrite by the Zope developers of the Zope 2 web application server.

  • CherryPy – an object-oriented web application server and framework.

  • CubicWeb – a web framework that targets large-scale semantic web and linked open data applications and international corporations.

  • Django – an MVT (model, view, template) web framework.

  • Flask – a modern, lightweight, well-documented micro-framework based on Werkzeug and Jinja 2.

  • Google App Engine – a platform for developing and hosting web applications in Google-managed data centers, including Python.

  • Grok – a web framework based on Zope Toolkit technology.

  • Nevow – a web application framework originally developed by the company Divmod.

  • Pylons – a lightweight web framework emphasizing flexibility and rapid development.

  • Pyramid – a minimalistic web framework inspired by Zope, Pylons and Django.

  • Python Paste – a set of utilities for web development that has been described as "a framework for web frameworks".

  • Quixote – a framework for developing Web applications in Python.

  • RapidSMS – a web framework which extends the logic and capabilities of Django to communicate with SMS messages.

  • Spyce – a technology to embed Python code into webpages.

  • Tornado – a lightweight non-blocking server and framework.

  • TurboGears – a web framework combining SQLObject/SQLAlchemy, Kid/Genshi, and CherryPy/Pylons.

  • web2py – a full-stack enterprise web application framework, following the MVC design.

  • Zope 2 – an application server, commonly used to build content management systems.

Graphics frameworks

UI frameworks

  • appJar – cross-platform, open-source GUI library for Python. Provides easy wrapper functions around most of Tkinter with extra functionality built in.

  • Kivy – open-source Python library for developing multitouch application software with a natural user interface (NUI).

  • PyGTK – a popular cross-platform GUI library based on GTK+; furthermore, other GNOME libraries also have bindings for Python.

  • PyQt – another cross-platform GUI library based on Qt; as above, KDE libraries also have bindings.

  • PySide – an alternative to the PyQt library, released under the BSD-style licence.

  • Tkinter – is Python's de facto GUI it is shipped in most versions of Python and is integrated in the IDLE. It is based Tcl command tool.

  • wxPython – a port of wxWidgets and a cross-platform GUI library for Python.

  • Flet – is a framework that allows building web, desktop and mobile applications in Python based on Flutter by Google

Scientific packages

Machine learning and deep learning

LLM inference and serving

Mathematical libraries

  • CuPy – a library for GPU-accelerated computing.

  • Dask – a library for parallel computing.

  • Manim – open-source Python mathematical animation and visualisation library from 3Blue1Brown.

  • Matplotlib – providing MATLAB-like plotting and mathematical functions (using NumPy).

  • NetworkX – library for studying graphs and networks

  • NumPy – a language extension that adds support for large and fast, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices.

  • Plotly – is a scientific plotting library for creating browser-based graphs.

  • SageMath – is a large mathematical software application which integrates the work of nearly 100 free software projects.

  • SymPy – a symbolic mathematical calculations package.

  • PyMC – python module containing Bayesian statistical models and fitting algorithms, including Markov chain Monte Carlo.

Additional development packages

  • Beautiful Soup – package for parsing HTML and XML documents.

  • Cheetah – Python-powered template engine and code-generation tool.

  • Construct – python library for the declarative construction and deconstruction of data structures.

  • Genshi – template engine for XML-based vocabularies.

  • IPython – development shell both written in and designed for Python.

  • Jinja – Python-powered template engine, inspired by Django's template engine.

  • Kid – simple template engine for XML-based vocabularies.

  • Meson build system – software tool for automating the building (compiling) of software.

  • mod_wsgi – module that provides a WSGI compliant interface for hosting Python based web applications with the Apache web server.

  • PyObjC – Python to Objective-C bridge that allows writing OS X software in Python.

  • Robot Framework – generic test automation framework for acceptance testing and acceptance test-driven development (ATDD).

  • Setuptools – package development process library designed to facilitate packaging Python projects by enhancing the Python (distribution utilities) standard library.

  • Sphinx – which converts reStructuredText files into HTML websites and other formats including PDF, EPub and Man pages.

  • SQLAlchemy – database backend and ORM.

  • SQLObject – an ORM for providing an object interface to a database.

  • Storm – an ORM from Canonical.

  • Twisted – a networking framework for Python.

  • VPython – the Python programming language plus a 3D graphics module called Visual.

Embedded as a scripting language

Python is, or can be used as the scripting language in these notable software products:

Commercial uses

  • CCP Games uses Stackless Python in both its server-side and client-side applications for its MMO Eve Online.

  • Instagram's backend is written in Python.

  • NASA is using Python to implement a CAD/CAE/PDM repository and model management, integration, and transformation system which will be the core infrastructure for its next-generation collaborative engineering environment. It is also the development language for OpenMDAO, a framework developed by NASA for solving multidisciplinary design optimization problems.

  • "Python has been an important part of Google since the beginning, and remains so as the system grows and evolves. Today dozens of Google engineers use Python."

  • Reddit was originally written in Common Lisp, but was rewritten in Python in 2005.

  • Yahoo! Groups uses Python "to maintain its discussion groups".

  • YouTube uses Python "to produce maintainable features in record times, with a minimum of developers".

  • Enthought uses Python as the main language for many custom applications in Geophysics, Financial applications, Astrophysics, simulations for consumer product companies.

Python implementations

Implementations of Python include:

  • CLPython – Implementation, written in Common Lisp.

CPython – The reference implementation, written in C11. Some notable distributions include:

Historic Python implementations include:

  • Parrot – Virtual machine being developed mainly as the runtime for Raku, and intended to support dynamic languages like Python, Ruby, Tcl, etc.

  • Psyco – specialized JIT compiler project that has mostly been eclipsed by PyPy.

  • Pyrex – Python-like Python module development project that has mostly been eclipsed by Cython.

  • Python for S60 – CPython port to the S60 platform.

  • Stackless Python – CPython with coroutines.

  • Unladen Swallow – performance-orientated implementation based on CPython which natively executed its bytecode via an LLVM-based JIT compiler. Funded by Google, stopped circa 2011.

See also

References