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Wikipedia / Satyrini

The Satyrini is one of the tribes of the subfamily Satyrinae. It includes about 2200 species and is therefore the largest tribe in the subfamily.

Distribution

Satyrini butterflies have a worldwide distribution, but the distribution pattern differs between subtribes. Some subtribes are almost restricted to a single biogeographic region, such as the Pronophilina, which is found only in Andean cloud forests from Venezuela to Bolivia.

Biology

The larval food plants of many species in this tribe are grasses, i.e. Poaceae. It is considered that the Satyrini diversified at about the same time as the grasses did, and that the radiation of the tribe is therefore closely related to the evolution of the grasses.

In contrast, the tribe has a few genera which show uncommon feeding preferences. Three genera, Euptychia, Ragadia and Acrophtalmia, feed on Lycopsida, and moreover, some species of Euptychia have been reported to feed on mosses of Neckeraceae. This is interesting cases as these genera are not considered to be very closely related to each other.

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of the subfamily Satyrinae has recently undergone a significant revision. showed that most of the traditionally well known group are paraphyletic or polyphyletic and developed a new taxonomy, based on molecular phylogenetic. The classification scheme transferred many genera traditionally placed in the Elymniini to the Satyrini, and later studies have largely followed this classification. Thus, the Satyrini is now considered to include the genera previously placed in the Elymniini, such as Lethe, Pararge and Mycalesis. However, the phylogenetic statuses of some subtribes within the tribe are still unclear and the revision of the classification is likely to continue.

According to , the Satyrini includes the following subtribes and genera:

Parargina Moore, 1893

Lethina Reuter, 1896

Mycalesina Reuter, 1896

Eritina Miller, 1968

Ragadiina Herrich-Schäffer, 1864

Coenonymphina Tutt, 1896

Euptychiina Reuter, 1896

Erebiina Tutt, 1896

Maniolina Grote, 1897

Melanargiina Wheeler, 1903

Pronophilina Reuter, 1896

Satyrina Boisduval, 1833

Ypthimina Reuter, 1896

subtribe uncertain

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