Bucerotiformes is an order of birds that contains the hornbills, ground hornbills, hoopoes and wood hoopoes. These birds were previously classified as members of Coraciiformes. The clade is distributed in Africa, Asia, Europe and Melanesia.

Systematics

Recent genetic data show that ground hornbills and Bycanistes form a clade outside the rest of the hornbill lineage. They are thought to represent an early African lineage, while the rest of Bucerotiformes evolved in Asia. The hoopoe subspecies Saint Helena hoopoe and the Madagascar subspecies are sometimes elevated to a full species. The two wood hoopoe genera, Phoeniculus and Rhinopomastus, appear to have diverged about 10 million years ago, so some systematists treat them as separate subfamilies or even separate families.

Extinct Messelirrisoridae and Laurillardiidae families were both considered to be stem groups of a previously categorized Upupiformes order prior to it being subcategorized into Bucerotiformes.

Taxonomy

Order Bucerotiformes

Family Messelirrisoridae

Genus Messelirrisor

• Messelirrisor halcyrostris

• Messelirrisor grandis

• Messelirrisor parvus

Family Laurillardiidae

Genus Laurillardia

• Laurillardia longirostris

• Laurillardia munieri

• Laurillardia smoleni

Suborder Upupi

Family Phoeniculidae

Genus Phoeniculus

• Green wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus purpureus

• Violet wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus damarensis

• Black-billed wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus somaliensis

• White-headed wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus bollei

• Forest wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus castaneiceps

Genus Rhinopomastus

• Black scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus aterrimus

• Common scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus cyanomelas

• Abyssinian scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus minor

Family Upupidae

Genus Upupa

• Eurasian hoopoe, Upupa epops

• Madagascar hoopoe, Upupa marginata

Suborder Buceroti

Family Bucerotidae

Genus Bucorvus

• Abyssinian ground hornbill, Bucorvus abyssinicus

• Southern ground hornbill, Bucorvus leadbeateri

Genus Bycanistes

• Trumpeter hornbill, Bycanistes bucinator

• Piping hornbill, Bycanistes fistulator

• Silvery-cheeked hornbill, Bycanistes brevis

• Black-and-white-casqued hornbill, Bycanistes subcylindricus

• Brown-cheeked hornbill, Bycanistes cylindricus

• White-thighed hornbill, Bycanistes albotibialis

Genus Horizocerus

• White-crested hornbill, Horizocerus albocristatus

• Black dwarf hornbill, Horizocerus hartlaubi

Genus Tockus

• Red-billed dwarf hornbill, Tockus camurus

• Monteiro's hornbill, Tockus monteiri

Red-billed hornbill group

• Northern red-billed hornbill, Tockus erythrorhynchus

• Damara red-billed hornbill, Tockus damarensis

• Southern red-billed hornbill, Tockus rufirostris

• Tanzanian red-billed hornbill, Tockus ruahae

• Western red-billed hornbill, Tockus kempi

• Eastern yellow-billed hornbill, Tockus flavirostris

• Southern yellow-billed hornbill, Tockus leucomelas

• Jackson's hornbill, Tockus jacksoni

• Von der Decken's hornbill, Tockus deckeni

• Crowned hornbill, Tockus alboterminatus

• Bradfield's hornbill, Tockus bradfieldi

• African pied hornbill, Tockus fasciatus

• Hemprich's hornbill, Tockus hemprichii

• Pale-billed hornbill, Tockus pallidirostris

• African grey hornbill, Tockus nasutus

Genus Ocyceros

• Malabar grey hornbill, Ocyceros griseus

• Sri Lanka grey hornbill, Ocyceros gingalensis

• Indian grey hornbill, Ocyceros biostris

Genus Anthracoceros

• Malabar pied hornbill, Anthracoceros coronatus

• Oriental pied hornbill, Anthracoceros albirostris

• Black hornbill, Anthracoceros malayanus

• Palawan hornbill, Antracoceros marchei

• Sulu hornbill, Anthracoceros montani

Genus Buceros

• Rhinoceros hornbill, Buceros rhinoceros

• Great hornbill, Buceros bicornis

• Rufous hornbill, Buceros hydrocorax

Genus Rhinoplax (sometimes included in Buceros)

• Helmeted hornbill, Rhinoplax vigil

Genus Anorrhinus

• Austen's brown hornbill, Anorrhinus austeni

• Tickell's brown hornbill, Anorrhinus tickelli

• Bushy-crested hornbill, Anorrhinus galeritus

Genus Penelopides

• Luzon hornbill, Penelopides manillae

• Mindoro hornbill, Penelopides mindorensis

• Visayan hornbill, Penelopides panini

• Samar hornbill, Penelopides samarensis

• Mindanao hornbill, Penelopides affinis

Genus Berenicornis (sometimes included in Aceros)

• White-crowned hornbill, Berenicornis comatus

Genus Aceros

• Rufous-necked hornbill, Aceros nipalensis

Genus Rhabdotorrhinus

• Wrinkled hornbill, Rhabdotorrhinus corrugatus

• Writhed hornbill, Rhabdotorrhinus leucocephalus

• Rufous-headed hornbill, Rhabdotorrhinus waldeni

• Sulawesi hornbill, Rhabdotorrhinus exarhatus

Genus Rhyticeros (sometimes included in Aceros)

• Wreathed hornbill, Rhyticeros undulatus

• Narcondam hornbill, Rhyticeros narcondami

• Sumba hornbill, Rhyticeros everetti

• Plain-pouched hornbill, Rhyticeros subruficollis

• Papuan hornbill, Rhyticeros plicatus

• Knobbed hornbill, Rhyticeros cassidix

Genus Ceratogymna

• Black-casqued hornbill, Ceratogymna atrata

• Yellow-casqued hornbill, Ceratogymna elate

References

Further reading