Wikipedia / Positive form
Wikipedia / Positive form
In complex geometry, the term positive form refers to several classes of real differential forms of Hodge type (p, p).
(1,1)-forms
Real (p,p)-forms on a complex manifold M are forms which are of type (p,p is called semi-positive (sometimes just positive), respectively, positive (or positive definite) if any of the following equivalent conditions holds:
is the imaginary part of a positive semidefinite (respectively, positive definite) Hermitian form.
real and non-negative (respectively, positive).
).
is the complex structure operator.
Positive line bundles
In algebraic geometry, positive definite (1,1)-forms arise as curvature forms of ample line bundles (also known as positive line bundles). Let L be a holomorphic Hermitian line bundle on a complex manifold,
its complex structure operator. Then L is equipped with a unique connection preserving the Hermitian structure and satisfying
.
This connection is called the Chern connection.
of the Chern connection is always a purely imaginary (1,1)-form. A line bundle L is called positive times the first Chern class of L.) The Kodaira embedding theorem claims that a positive line bundle is ample, and conversely, any ample line bundle positive.
Positivity for (p, p)-forms
Semi-positive (1,1)-forms on M form a convex cone. When M is a compact complex surface, this cone is self-dual
For (p, p), there are two different notions of positivity. A form is called strongly positive if it is a linear combination of products of semi-positive forms, with positive real coefficients. A real (p, p) on an n-dimensional complex manifold M is called weakly positive if for all strongly positive (n-p, n-p).
Weakly positive and strongly positive forms form convex cones. On compact manifolds these cones are dual with respect to the Poincaré pairing.
Notes
References
P. Griffiths and J. Harris (1978), Principles of Algebraic Geometry, Wiley.