Tarweed or tarplant is a common name for several plants and may refer to:

Various plants in the tribe Madieae of the family Asteraceae:

• Anisocarpus madioides

• Blepharizonia

• Centromadia

• Deinandra

• Harmonia

• Hemizonella

• Hemizonia

• Holocarpha

• Jensia

• Madia

• Amsinckia lycopsoides

• Cuphea viscosissima