Roman School may refer to:

• School in ancient Rome, see Education in Ancient Rome

• The Roman School (music), a musical style established by Palestrina (1525 or 1526-1594) and his followers

• Scuola Romana (Roman School) or Scuola di via Cavour, a 20th-century art movement

• Roman School (history of religion), a methodological approach to the history of religion that was prominent in mid-20th century Italy