Bittium is a genus of very small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cerithiidae, the horn snails.

Distribution

This genus is found worldwide.

Species

Species in the genus Bittium include:

• Bittium aedonium (Watson, 1880)

• Bittium afrum

• Bittium amboynense (Watson, 1881)

• Bittium anembatum (Melvill, 1904)

• Bittium aquaticum

• Bittium arenaense Hertlein & Strong, 1951

• Bittium armillatum (Carpenter, 1864)

• Bittium arnoldi Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium atramentarium Melvill & Standen, 1901

• Bittium bandatum Bozzetti, 2019

• Bittium bartolomense Bartsch, 1917

• Bittium batillarium Kuroda & Habe, 1971

• Bittium casmaliense Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium cerithium

• Bittium cerralvoense Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium challisae Bartsch, 1917

• Bittium chrysomallum Melvill, 1901

• Bittium circa Moreno, 2006

• Bittium clathratalum

• † Bittium courtillerianum (Millet, 1865)

• † Bittium crassicostatum (Etheridge & Bell, 1898)

• † Bittium crassum Landau, Ceulemans & Van Dingenen, 2018

• Bittium decussatum (Carpenter, 1857)

• Bittium delicatum (Watson, 1880)

• Bittium depauperatum (Watson, 1880)

• Bittium diminutivum (Philippi, 1845)

• Bittium dumblei

• Bittium editum (Powell, 1930)

• Bittium elegantissimum (Hedley, 1899)

• † Bittium eniwetokense Ladd, 1972

• Bittium exiguum

• Bittium fastigiatum Carpenter, 1864

• Bittium filosum

• Bittium fretense

• † Bittium gallicum Landau, Ceulemans & Van Dingenen, 2018

• Bittium giganteum Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium glareosum Gould, 1861

• † Bittium gliberti Van Dingenen, Ceulemans & Landau, 2016

• Bittium hartbergense

• Bittium hawaiiensis

• Bittium impendens (Hedley, 1899)

• Bittium incile Watson, 1897

• Bittium inornatum Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium insulsum Preston, 1908

• Bittium koeneni

• Bittium lacteum (Philippi, 1836)

• Bittium laevicordatum (Powell, 1937)

• † Bittium larrieyense Vignal, 1911

• Bittium latreillii (Payraudeau, 1826)

• † Bittium lozoueti Van Dingenen, Ceulemans & Landau, 2016

• Bittium lusciniae (Watson, 1880)

• Bittium mexicanum Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium midwayense Kosuge, 1979

• Bittium multiliratum

• Bittium nanum (Mayer, 1864)

• Bittium nicholsi Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium nitens Carpenter, 1864

• Bittium ornatissimum Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium paleonotum

• Bittium paludosum

• Bittium panamense Bartsch, 1911

• Bittium peruvianum (d'Orbigny, 1841)

• Bittium philomelae (Watson, 1880)

• Bittium pigrum (Watson, 1880)

• † Bittium pingue Landau, Ceulemans & Van Dingenen, 2018

• Bittium porcellanum Watson, 1886

• Bittium proteum (Jousseaume, 1930)

• Bittium pupiforme (Watson, 1880)

• Bittium quadricinctum E. A. Smith, 1903

• † Bittium renauleauense Landau, Ceulemans & Van Dingenen, 2018

• Bittium reticulatum (da Costa, 1778) –

• Bittium rubanocinctum

• Bittium russiensis

• Bittium salinae

• Bittium sanjuanense Bartsch, 1917

• Bittium santamariense Bartsch, 1917

• Bittium scalatum

• Bittium semigranosum

• Bittium semigranulosum'

• Bittium serra Bartsch, 1917

• Bittium simplex (Jeffreys, 1867)

• Bittium spina

• Bittium stigmosum

• Bittium submamillatum (Jeffreys, 1867)

• † Bittium sublima (d'Orbigny, 1852)

• Bittium tenebrisbrunneis Poppe & Tagaro, 2026

• Bittium tenuispina

• Bittium terebelloides

• † Bittium transenna (Bayan, 1873)

• Bittium tumidum Bartsch, 1907

• Bittium turritella

• Bittium vancouverense Dall & Bartsch, 1910

• † Bittium venustulum (Millet, 1865)

• † Bittium vignali Dollfus, 1909

• Bittium watsoni (Jeffreys, 1885)

• Bittium xanthum Watson, 1886

• Species brought into synonymy:

• Bittium adamsi Dall, 1889: synonym of Finella adamsi (Dall, 1889)

• Bittium alternatum (Say, 1822) and Bittium nigrum (Totten, 1834) are synonyms of Bittiolum alternatum (Say, 1822)

• Bittium asperum Gabb, 1861: synonym of Lirobittium asperum (Gabb, 1861)

• Bittium attenuatum Carpenter, 1864 – slender cerith: synonym of Lirobittium attenuatum (Carpenter, 1864)

• Bittium boeticum (Pease, 1860) and Bittium pusillum (Gould, 1851) are synonyms of Cerithium boeticum Pease, 1860

• Bittium catalinense Bartsch, 1907: synonym of Lirobittium purpureum (Carpenter, 1864)

• Bittium cinctum Hutton, 1885: synonym of Seila cincta (Hutton, 1886)

• † Bittium cossmanni: synonym of † Hemicerithium cossmanni (Dall, 1892)

• Bittium diplax Watson, 1886 is a synonym of Cerithidium diplax (Watson, 1886)

• Bittium eschrichti (Middendorff, 1849): synonym of Neostylidium eschrichtii (Middendorff, 1849)

• Bittium estuarinumTate, 1893: synonym of Zeacumantus plumbeus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1855)

• Bittium exile (Hutton, 1873): synonym of Zebittium exile (Hutton, 1873)

• Bittium fetellum Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobittium fetellum (Bartsch, 1911) (original combination)

• Bittium furvum Watson, 1886 : synonym of Cacozeliana furva (Watson, 1886)

• Bittium fuscocapitulum Hedley & Petterd, 1906 : synonym of Cacozeliana fuscocapitulum (Hedley & Petterd, 1906)

• Bittium granarium (Kiener, 1842) is a synonym of Cacozeliana granarium (Kiener, 1842)

• Bittium hiloense: synonym of Bittinella hiloensis (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1908)

• Bittium houbricki Ponder, 1993 : synonym of Ittibittium houbricki (Ponder, 1993)

• Bittium icarus (Bayle, 1880) : synonym of Cacozeliana icarus (Bayle, 1880)

• Bittium interfossa (Carpenter, 1864): synonym of Lirobittium interfossa (Carpenter, 1864)

• Bittium jadertinum Brusina, 1865: synonym of Bittium reticulatum (da Costa, 1778)

• Bittium johnstonae Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobittium johnstonae (Bartsch, 1911) (original combination)

• Bittium larum Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobittium larum (Bartsch, 1911) (original combination)

• Bittium lawleyanum Crosse, 1863: synonym of Zeacumantus plumbeus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1855)

• Bittium leucocephalum Watson, 1886 : synonym of Argyropeza leucocephala (Watson, 1886)

• Bittium minutulum: synonym of Batillariella minutula (Thiele, 1930) (original combination)

• Bittium munitum (Carpenter, 1864): synonym of Lirobittium munitum (Carpenter, 1864)

• Bittium oldroydae Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobittium oldroydae (Bartsch, 1911) (original combination)

• Bittium oryza (Mörch, 1876) : synonym of Ittibittium oryza (Mörch, 1876)

• Bittium paganicum (Dall, 1919): synonym of Lirobittium paganicum (Dall, 1919)

• Bittium parcum Gould, 1861 is a synonym of Ittibittium parcum (Gould, 1861)

• Bittium perparvulum Watson, 1886 is a synonym of Cerithidium perparvulum (Watson, 1886)

• Bittium perpusillum Tryon, 1887 : synonym of Cerithium alutaceum (Gould, 1861)

• Bittium plumbeum: synonym of Zeacumantus plumbeus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1855)

• Bittium quadrifilatum Carpenter, 1864 – four-thread cerith: synonym of Lirobittium quadrifilatum (Carpenter, 1864) (original combination)

• Bittium scabrum (Olivi, 1792) : synonym of Bittium reticulatum (da Costa, 1778)

• Bittium seymourianum Strebel, 1908: synonym of Cerithiella seymouriana (Strebel, 1908) (original combination)

• Bittium subplanatum Bartsch, 1911: synonym of Lirobittium rugatum (Carpenter, 1864)

• Bittium torresiense Melvill & Standen, 1899 : synonym of Bittium elegantissimum (Hedley, 1899)

• Bittium variegatum Henn & Brazier, 1894 : synonym of Cacozeliana variegatum (Henn & Brazier, 1894)

• Bittium varium (Pfeiffer, 1840) – grass cerith is a synonym of Bittiolum varium (Pfeiffer, 1840)

• Bittium zebrum (Kiener, 1841) is a synonym of Cerithium zebrum Kiener, 1841

• Nomen dubium:

• Bittium alabastrulum (Mörch, 1876)

• Bittium caraboboense (Weisbord, 1962)

• Bittium galactis Mörch, 1876

• Bittium lima (Bruguière, 1792)

See also

• Cerithium

• Ittibittium

References

• Biggs H.E. (1971). On a proposed new genus of cerithid mollusca from the Dahlak islands, Red Sea. Journal of Conchology 27: 221–223, pl. 7

• Gründel J. (1976). Zur Taxonomie und Phylogenie der Bittium-Gruppe. Malakologische Abhandlungen 5(3): 33–59

• Houbrick R. (1978). Redescription of Bittium proteum (Jousseaume, 1930) with comments on its generic placements. The Nautilus 92 (1): 9–11

• Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp

• Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp.180–213

Further reading

• Gray, J. E. (1847). A list of the genera of recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 15: 129-219

• Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

• Gray, J.E. (1847). On the classification of the British Mollusca by W E Leach. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. ser. 1, 20: 267-273

• Verduin A. (1982). On the taxonomy and variability of recent european species of the genus Bittium Leach (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Prosobranchia). Basteria 46: 93-120

• Houbrick R. (1977). Reevaluation and new description of the genus Bittium (Cerithiidae). The Veliger 20 (2): 101-106