OKB () is a transliteration of the Russian initials for "" (), which translates to "Experimental Design Bureau". It could also mean or "Special Design Bureau" in English. During the Soviet era, OKBs were closed institutions working on design and prototyping of advanced technology, usually for military applications. The corresponding English language term for such a bureau's activity is R&D or research and development.

For security, each bureau was only officially identified by a number, but were often semi-officially referenced by the name of its lead designer. For example, OKB-51 was led by Pavel Sukhoi, and it eventually became known as simply Sukhoi. Successful and famous bureaus often retained these names after the departure of their founding designer.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many OKBs became Scientific Production Associations (NPOs). There were some attempts to merge them in the 1990s, and there were widespread amalgamations in 2001–2006 to create "national champion" corporations, such as Almaz-Antey to consolidate surface-to-air missile development.

OKBs in aerospace industry

• KB-1 – NPO Almaz, Vitaly Shabanov

• OKB-1 – Korolev today RSC Energia

• OKB-1 – Dr. Brunolf Baade disbanded by 1953

• OKB-2 – early name of MKB Raduga (OKB-155-2)

• OKB-3 – Bratukhin

• OKB-4 – Matus Bisnovat's Design Bureau (different from NPO Molniya)

• OKB-8 – Novator (long-range SAMs)

• OKB-19 – Shvetsov, Soloviev. Now: "Perm MKB"

• OKB-20 – Klimov, Omsk-Motors

• OKB-21 – Alexeyev

• OKB-23 – Myasishchev (also OKB-482)

• OKB-24 – Mikulin

• OKB-26 – Klimov

• OKB-39 – Ilyushin

• OKB-45 – Klimov

• OKB-47 – Yakovlev originally, transferred to

• OKB-49 – Beriev

• OKB-51 – Sukhoi

• OKB-52 – Chelomei

• OKB-86 – Bartini

• OKB-115 – Yakovlev

• OKB-117 – Klimov, Izotov

• OKB-120 – Zhdanov (surname)

• OKB-124 – N/A (cooling systems for Tu-121)

• OKB-134 – Vympel

• OKB-140 – N/A (first hydro-alcohol starter-generators for Tu-121)

• OKB-153 – Antonov

• OKB-154 – Kosberg, previously OKB-296

• OKB-155 – Mikoyan (formerly Mikoyan-Gurevich)

• OKB-155-2 – (sometimes designated as OKB-2-155) OKB-155 spin-off in Dubna. Gurevich, Berezniak, Isaev... Now MKB Raduga.

• OKB-156 – Tupolev

• OKB-165 – Lyulka

• OKB-207 – Borovkov and Florov (Borovkov-Florov D, Borovkov-Florov I-207)

• OKB-240 – Yermolaev

• OKB-246 – OKBM (naval nuclear propulsion)

• OKB-256 – Tsybin

• OKB-276 – Kuznetsov

• OKB-296 – renamed to OKB-154 in 1946KB Khimavtomatika

• OKB-300 – Tumansky

• OKB-301 – Lavochkin

• OKB-329 – Mil

• SKB-385 – Makeev

• OKG-456 – Glushko

• OKB-458 – Chetverikov

• OKB-478 – Ivchenko

• OKB-575 – Kovrov

• OKB-586 – Yangel

• OKB-692 – JSC "Khartron" (formerly KB electropriborostroeniya, then NPO "Electropribor")

• OKB-794 – Leninets

• OKB-938 – Kamov

See also

• Defense industry of Russia

References

External links

• Factories, Research and Design Establishments of the Soviet Defence Industry: a Guide. University of Warwick, Department of Economics.

• Aviation.ru - "OKBs"

• The Russian design bureau at the centre of Europe's shadow-fleet investigation