Events

Pre-1600

• 224 The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V, effectively ending the Parthian Empire.

• 357 Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory over Magnus Magnentius.

• 1192 Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I), King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title to the throne is confirmed by election. The killing is carried out by Hashshashin.

• 1253 Nichiren, a Japanese Buddhist monk, propounds Namu Myōhō Renge Kyō for the first time and declares it to be the essence of Buddhism, in effect founding Nichiren Buddhism.

• 1294 Temür, grandson of Kublai, is elected Khagan of the Mongols with the reigning title Oljeitu.

• 1503 The Battle of Cerignola is fought. It is noted as one of the first European battles in history won by small arms fire using gunpowder.

1601–1900

• 1611 Establishment of the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, the Catholic University of the Philippines and the largest Catholic university in the world.

• 1625 A combined Spanish and Portuguese fleet of 52 ships commences the recapture of Bahia from the Dutch during the Dutch–Portuguese War.

• 1738 Pope Clement XII issues the first papal condemnation of Freemasonry and formally prohibits Catholics from becoming Freemasons.

• 1758 The Marathas defeat the Afghans in the Battle of Attock and capture the city.

• 1788 Maryland becomes the seventh state to ratify the United States Constitution.

• 1789 The Mutiny on the Bounty occurs, with the ship's captain, Lieutenant William Bligh and 18 sailors, set adrift, and the rebel crew setting sail for Tahiti. Eventually the majority of rebels sail for Pitcairn Island.

• 1792 France invades the Austrian Netherlands (present day Belgium and Luxembourg), beginning the French Revolutionary Wars.

• 1794 Sardinians, headed by Giovanni Maria Angioy, start a revolution against the Savoy domination, expelling Viceroy Balbiano and his officials from Cagliari, the capital and largest city of the island.

• 1796 The Armistice of Cherasco is signed by Napoleon Bonaparte and Vittorio Amedeo III, King of Sardinia, expanding French territory along the Mediterranean coast.

• 1858 The Bawani Imli massacre, where 52 Indian freedom fighters are hanged to death on a tamarind tree by British colonial forces.

• 1859 The sailing clipper ship Pomona is wrecked on the coast of Ireland with the loss of 424 of the 448 passengers and crew aboard.

• 1869 Chinese and Irish laborers for the Central Pacific Railroad working on the first transcontinental railroad lay ten miles of track in one day, a feat which has never been matched.

• 1881 Billy the Kid escapes from the Lincoln County jail in Mesilla, New Mexico.

• 1887 A week after being arrested by the Prussian Secret Police, French police inspector Guillaume Schnaebelé is released on order of Wilhelm I, German Emperor, defusing a possible war.

1901–present

• 1910 Frenchman Louis Paulhan wins the 1910 London to Manchester air race, the first long-distance aeroplane race in the United Kingdom.

• 1920 The Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic is founded.

• 1923 Wembley Stadium is opened, named initially as the Empire Stadium.

• 1930 The Independence Producers host the first night game in the history of Organized Baseball in Independence, Kansas.

• 1937 South African medical researcher Max Theiler develops the yellow fever vaccine at the Rockefeller Foundation in New York City.

• 1941 The Ustaše massacre nearly 200 Serbs in the village of Gudovac, the first massacre of their genocidal campaign against Serbs of the Independent State of Croatia.

• 1944 World War II: Nine German E-boats attack US and UK units during Exercise Tiger, the rehearsal for the Normandy landings, killing 946.

• 1945 Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are shot dead by Walter Audisio, a member of the Italian resistance movement.

• 1945 The Holocaust: Nazi Germany carries out its final use of gas chambers to execute 33 Upper Austrian socialist and communist leaders in Mauthausen concentration camp.

• 1947 Thor Heyerdahl and five crew mates set out from Peru on the Kon-Tiki to demonstrate that Peruvian natives could have settled Polynesia.

• 1948 Igor Stravinsky conducts the premiere of his American ballet, Orpheus at the New York City Center.

• 1949 The Hukbalahap are accused of assassinating former First Lady of the Philippines Aurora Quezon, while she is en route to dedicate a hospital in memory of her late husband; her daughter and ten others are also killed.

• 1952 Dwight D. Eisenhower resigns as Supreme Allied Commander of NATO in order to campaign in the 1952 United States presidential election.

• 1952 The Treaty of San Francisco comes into effect, restoring Japanese sovereignty and ending its state of war with most of the Allies of World War II.

• 1952 The Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty (Treaty of Taipei) is signed in Taipei, Taiwan between Japan and the Republic of China to officially end the Second Sino-Japanese War.

• 1965 United States occupation of the Dominican Republic: American troops land in the Dominican Republic to "forestall establishment of a Communist dictatorship" and to evacuate US Army troops.

• 1967 Vietnam War: Boxer Muhammad Ali refuses his induction into the United States Army and is subsequently stripped of his championship and license.

• 1969 Charles de Gaulle resigns as President of France.

• 1970 Vietnam War: US President Richard Nixon formally authorizes American combat troops to take part in the Cambodian campaign.

• 1973 The Dark Side of the Moon by Pink Floyd, recorded in Abbey Road Studios goes to number one on the US Billboard chart, beginning a record-breaking 741-week chart run.

• 1975 General Cao Văn Viên, chief of the South Vietnamese military, departs for the US as the North Vietnamese Army closes in on victory.

• 1977 The Red Army Faction trial ends, with Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and Jan-Carl Raspe found guilty of four counts of murder and more than 30 counts of attempted murder.

• 1978 The President of Afghanistan, Mohammad Daoud Khan, is overthrown and assassinated in a coup led by pro-communist rebels.

• 1983 The West German news magazine Stern begins publishing excerpts from the purported diaries of Adolf Hitler, later revealed to be forgeries.

• 1986 High levels of radiation resulting from the Chernobyl disaster are detected at Forsmark Nuclear Power Plant in Sweden, leading Soviet authorities to publicly announce the accident.

• 1988 Near Maui, Hawaii, flight attendant Clarabelle "C.B." Lansing is blown out of Aloha Airlines Flight 243, a Boeing 737, and falls to her death when part of the plane's fuselage rips open in mid-flight.

• 1991 Space Shuttle Discovery launches on STS-39, the first unclassified shuttle mission for the United States Department of Defense.

• 1994 Former Central Intelligence Agency counterintelligence officer and analyst Aldrich Ames pleads guilty to giving US secrets to the Soviet Union and later Russia.

• 1996 Whitewater controversy: President Bill Clinton gives a 4 hour videotaped testimony for the defense.

• 1996 Port Arthur massacre, Tasmania: A gunman, Martin Bryant, opens fire at the Broad Arrow Cafe in Port Arthur, Tasmania, killing 35 people and wounding 23 others.

• 2004 CBS News releases evidence of the Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse. The photographs show rape and abuse from the American troops over Iraqi detainees.

Births

Pre-1600

• AD 32 Otho, Roman emperor (died 69 AD)

• 1402 Nezahualcoyotl, Acolhuan philosopher, warrior, poet and ruler (died 1472)

• 1442 Edward IV, king of England (died 1483)

• 1545 Yi Sun-sin, Korean commander (died 1598)

• 1573 Charles de Valois, Duke of Angoulême, son of Charles IX (died 1650)

1601–1900

• 1604 Joris Jansen Rapelje, Dutch settler in colonial North America (died 1662)

• 1623 Wilhelmus Beekman, Dutch politician (died 1707)

• 1630 Charles Cotton, English poet and author (died 1687)

• 1676 Frederick I, prince consort and king of Sweden (died 1751)

• 1715 Franz Sparry, Austrian composer and educator (died 1767)

• 1758 James Monroe, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 5th President of the United States (died 1831)

• 1761 Marie Harel, French cheesemaker (died 1844)

• 1765 Sylvestre François Lacroix, French mathematician and academic (died 1834)

• 1819 Ezra Abbot, American scholar and academic (died 1884)

• 1827 William Hall, Canadian soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (died 1904)

• 1838 Tobias Asser, Dutch lawyer and scholar, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1913)

• 1848 Ludvig Schytte, Danish pianist, composer, and educator (died 1909)

• 1854 Hertha Marks Ayrton, Polish-British engineer, mathematician, and physicist. (died 1923)

• 1855 José Malhoa, Portuguese painter (died 1933)

• 1863 Josiah Thomas, English-Australian miner and politician, 7th Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs (died 1933)

• 1863 Nikolai von Meck, Russian engineer (died 1929)

• 1865 Charles W. Woodworth, American entomologist and academic (died 1940)

• 1868 Lucy Booth, English composer (died 1953)

• 1868 Georgy Voronoy, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and academic (died 1908)

• 1874 Karl Kraus, Austrian journalist and author (died 1936)

• 1874 Sidney Toler, American actor and director (died 1947)

• 1876 Nicola Romeo, Italian engineer and businessman (died 1938)

• 1878 Lionel Barrymore, American actor and director (died 1954)

• 1886 Erich Salomon, German-born news photographer (died 1944)

• 1886 Art Shaw, American hurdler (died 1955)

• 1888 Walter Tull, English footballer and soldier (died 1918)

• 1889 António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese economist and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Portugal (died 1970)

• 1896 Na Hye-sok, South Korean journalist, poet, and painter (died 1948)

• 1896 Tristan Tzara, Romanian-French poet and critic (died 1963)

• 1897 Ye Jianying, Chinese general and politician, Head of State of the People's Republic of China (died 1986)

• 1900 Alice Berry, Australian activist (died 1978)

• 1900 Heinrich Müller, German SS officer, Gestapo chief, and key individual in the Holocaust (died 1945)

• 1900 Jan Oort, Dutch astronomer and academic (died 1992)

1901–present

• 1901 H. B. Stallard, English runner and surgeon (died 1973)

• 1902 Johan Borgen, Norwegian author and critic (died 1979)

• 1906 Kurt Gödel, Czech-American mathematician, philosopher, and academic (died 1978)

• 1906 Paul Sacher, Swiss conductor and philanthropist (died 1999)

• 1908 Ethel Catherwood, American-Canadian high jumper and javelin thrower (died 1987)

• 1908 Jack Fingleton, Australian cricketer, journalist, and sportscaster (died 1981)

• 1908 Oskar Schindler, Czech-German businessman (died 1974)

• 1909 Arthur Võõbus, Estonian-American theologist and orientalist (died 1988)

• 1910 Sam Merwin, Jr., American author (died 1996)

• 1911 Lee Falk, American director, producer, and playwright (died 1999)

• 1912 Odette Hallowes, French soldier and spy (died 1995)

• 1912 Kaneto Shindō, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2012)

• 1913 Rose Murphy, American singer (died 1989)

• 1914 Michel Mohrt, French author, historian (died 2011)

• 1916 Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian businessman, created Lamborghini (died 1993)

• 1917 Robert Cornthwaite, American actor (died 2006)

• 1921 Rowland Evans, American soldier, journalist, and author (died 2001)

• 1921 Simin Daneshvar, Iranian author and academic (died 2012)

• 1922 Barbara Lüdemann, German politician (died 1992)

• 1923 Carolyn Cassady, American author (died 2013)

• 1923 William Guarnere, American sergeant (died 2014)

• 1924 Dick Ayers, American author and illustrator (died 2014)

• 1924 Blossom Dearie, American singer and pianist (died 2009)

• 1924 Kenneth Kaunda, Zambian educator and politician, first president of Zambia (died 2021)

• 1925 T. John Lesinski, American judge and politician, 51st Lieutenant Governor of Michigan (died 1996)

• 1925 John Leonard Thorn, English lieutenant, author, and academic (died 2023)

• 1926 James Bama, American artist and illustrator (died 2022)

• 1926 Bill Blackbeard, American historian and author (died 2011)

• 1926 Harper Lee, American novelist (died 2016)

• 1926 Hulusi Sayın, Turkish general (died 1991)

• 1928 Yves Klein, French painter (died 1962)

• 1928 Eugene Merle Shoemaker, American geologist and astronomer (died 1997)

• 1930 James Baker, American lawyer and politician, 61st United States Secretary of State

• 1930 Carolyn Jones, American actress (died 1983)

• 1933 Miodrag Radulovacki, Serbian-American neuropharmacologist and academic (died 2014)

• 1934 Lois Duncan, American journalist and author (died 2016)

• 1935 Pedro Ramos, Cuban baseball player

• 1936 Tariq Aziz, Iraqi journalist and politician, Iraqi Minister of Foreign Affairs (died 2015)

• 1937 Saddam Hussein, Iraqi general and politician, 5th President of Iraq (died 2006)

• 1937 Jean Redpath, Scottish singer-songwriter (died 2014)

• 1937 John White, Scottish international footballer (died 1964)

• 1938 Madge Sinclair, Jamaican-American actress (died 1995)

• 1941 Ann-Margret, Swedish-American actress, singer, and dancer

• 1941 Lucien Aimar, French cyclist

• 1941 John Madejski, English businessman and academic

• 1941 Karl Barry Sharpless, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate

• 1941 Iryna Zhylenko, Ukrainian poet and author (died 2013)

• 1942 Mike Brearley, English cricketer and psychoanalyst

• 1943 Aryeh Bibi, Iraqi-born Israeli politician

• 1944 Elizabeth LeCompte, American director and producer

• 1944 Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe, Belgian politician, 10th Minister-President of Wallonia

• 1944 Alice Waters, American chef and author

• 1946 Nour El-Sherif, Egyptian actor and producer (died 2015)

• 1946 Ginette Reno, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress

• 1946 Larissa Grunig, American theorist and activist

• 1947 Steve Khan, American jazz guitarist

• 1948 Terry Pratchett, English journalist, author, and screenwriter (died 2015)

• 1948 Marcia Strassman, American actress and singer (died 2014)

• 1949 Jeremy Cooke, English lawyer and judge

• 1949 Paul Guilfoyle, American actor

• 1949 Bruno Kirby, American actor and director (died 2006)

• 1950 Willie Colón, American salsa musician and social activist (died 2026)

• 1950 Jay Leno, American comedian, talk show host, and producer

• 1950 Steve Rider, English journalist and sportscaster

• 1951 Tim Congdon, English economist and politician

• 1951 Larry Smith, Canadian football player and politician

• 1952 Chuck Leavell, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player

• 1952 Mary McDonnell, American actress

• 1953 Roberto Bolaño, Chilean novelist, short-story writer, poet, and essayist (died 2003)

• 1953 Kim Gordon, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1953 Brian Greenhoff, English footballer and coach (died 2013)

• 1954 Timothy Curley, American educator

• 1954 Michael P. Jackson, American politician, 3rd Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security

• 1954 Vic Sotto, Filipino actor-producer, singer-songwriter, comedian and television personality

• 1954 Ron Zook, American football player and coach

• 1955 Saeb Erekat, Chief Palestinian negotiator (died 2020)

• 1955 Eddie Jobson, English keyboard player and violinist

• 1956 Jimmy Barnes, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1958 Hal Sutton, American golfer

• 1960 Tom Browning, American baseball player (died 2022)

• 1960 Elena Kagan, American lawyer and jurist, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

• 1960 Phil King, English bass player

• 1960 Ian Rankin, Scottish author

• 1960 Jón Páll Sigmarsson, Icelandic strongman and weightlifter (died 1993)

• 1960 Walter Zenga, Italian footballer and manager

• 1963 Lloyd Eisler, Canadian figure skater and coach

• 1963 Marc Lacroix, Belgian biochemist and academic

• 1964 Stephen Ames, Trinidadian golfer

• 1964 Noriyuki Iwadare, Japanese composer

• 1964 Ajay Kakkar, Baron Kakkar, English surgeon and academic

• 1964 Barry Larkin, American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster

• 1964 L'Wren Scott, American model and fashion designer (died 2014)

• 1966 John Daly, American golfer

• 1966 Too Short, American rapper, producer and actor

• 1967 Chris White, English engineer and politician

• 1968 Petra Bayr, Austrian politician

• 1968 Howard Donald, English singer-songwriter and producer

• 1968 Andy Flower, South-African-Zimbabwean cricketer and coach

• 1969 LeRon Perry Ellis, American basketball player

• 1970 Richard Fromberg, Australian tennis player

• 1970 Nicklas Lidström, Swedish ice hockey player and scout

• 1970 Diego Simeone, Argentinian footballer and manager

• 1971 Bridget Moynahan, American actress

• 1972 Violent J, American rapper

• 1972 Jean-Paul van Gastel, Dutch footballer and manager

• 1973 Jorge Garcia, American actor and producer

• 1973 Andrew Mehrtens, South African-New Zealand rugby player

• 1974 Penélope Cruz, Spanish actress and producer

• 1974 Margo Dydek, Polish basketball player and coach (died 2011)

• 1974 Vernon Kay, English radio and television host

• 1974 Dominic Matteo, Scottish footballer and journalist

• 1975 Michael Walchhofer, Austrian skier

• 1977 Titus O'Neil, American wrestler and football player

• 1978 Lauren Laverne, English singer and television and radio host

• 1979 Scott Fujita, American football player and sportscaster

• 1980 Bradley Wiggins, English cyclist

• 1981 Jessica Alba, American model and actress

• 1982 Nikki Grahame, English model and journalist (died 2021)

• 1982 Chris Kaman, American basketball player

• 1983 Josh Brookes, Australian motorcycle racer

• 1983 David Freese, American baseball player

• 1983 Roger Johnson, English footballer

• 1983 Thomas Waldrom, New Zealand-English rugby player

• 1984 Dmitri Torbinski, Russian footballer

• 1985 Lucas Jakubczyk, German sprinter and long jumper

• 1985 Deividas Stagniūnas, Lithuanian ice dancer

• 1986 Roman Polák, Czech ice hockey player

• 1986 Jenna Ushkowitz, Korean-American actress, singer, and dancer

• 1987 Daequan Cook, American basketball player

• 1987 Drew Gulak, American wrestler

• 1987 Samantha Ruth Prabhu, Indian actress and model

• 1987 Bradley Johnson, English footballer

• 1987 Zoran Tošić, Serbian footballer

• 1988 Jonathan Biabiany, French footballer

• 1988 Juan Mata, Spanish footballer

• 1989 Emil Salomonsson, Swedish footballer

• 1989 Kim Sung-kyu, South Korean singer

• 1992 Blake Bortles, American football player

• 1992 DeMarcus Lawrence, American football player

• 1993 Matt Chapman, American baseball player

• 1993 Eva Samková, Czech snowboarder

• 1994 Jakob Butturff, American bowler (died 2026)

• 1994 Wonpil, South Korean musician

• 1995 Connor Clifton, American ice hockey player

• 1995 Melanie Martinez, American singer

• 1997 Shane McClanahan, American baseball player

• 1997 Denzel Ward, American football player

• 1998 Song Yu-bin, South Korean singer and actor

• 2000 Victoria De Angelis, Italian musician

• 2000 Alek Thomas, American baseball player

• 2001 Anthony Volpe, American baseball player

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 224 Artabanus IV of Parthia (born 191)

• 948 Hu Jinsi, Chinese general and prefect

• 988 Adaldag, archbishop of Bremen

• 992 Jawhar as-Siqilli, Fatimid statesman

• 1109 Abbot Hugh of Cluny (born 1024)

• 1192 Conrad of Montferrat (born 1140)

• 1197 Rhys ap Gruffydd, prince of Deheubarth (born 1132)

• 1257 Shajar al-Durr, sovereign sultana of Egypt

• 1260 Luchesius Modestini, founding member of the Third Order of St. Francis

• 1400 Baldus de Ubaldis, Italian jurist (born 1327)

• 1489 Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland, English politician (born 1449)

• 1533 Nicholas West, English bishop and diplomat (born 1461)

1601–1900

• 1643 Francisco de Lucena, Portuguese politician (born 1578)

• 1710 Thomas Betterton, English actor and manager (born 1630)

• 1716 Louis de Montfort, French priest and saint (born 1673)

• 1726 Thomas Pitt, English merchant and politician (born 1653)

• 1741 Magnus Julius De la Gardie, Swedish general and politician (born 1668)

• 1772 Johann Friedrich Struensee, German physician and politician (born 1737)

• 1781 Cornelius Harnett, American merchant, farmer, and politician (born 1723)

• 1813 Mikhail Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (born 1745)

• 1816 Johann Heinrich Abicht, German philosopher, author, and academic (born 1762)

• 1841 Peter Chanel, French priest, missionary, and martyr (born 1803)

• 1853 Ludwig Tieck, German author and poet (born 1773)

• 1858 Johannes Peter Müller, German physiologist and anatomist (born 1801)

• 1865 Samuel Cunard, Canadian-English businessman, founded Cunard Line (born 1787)

• 1881 Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon, French sculptor and photographer (born 1818)

• 1883 John Russell, English hunter and dog breeder (born 1795)

1901–present

• 1902 Cyprien Tanguay, Canadian priest and historian (born 1819)

• 1903 Josiah Willard Gibbs, American scientist (born 1839)

• 1905 Fitzhugh Lee, American general and politician, 40th Governor of Virginia (born 1835)

• 1921 Maurice Moore (Irish republican), executed member of the Irish Republican Army (born 1894)

• 1925 Richard Butler, English-Australian politician, 23rd Premier of South Australia (born 1850)

• 1928 May Jordan McConnel, Australian trade unionist and suffragist (born 1860)

• 1929 Hendrik van Heuckelum, Dutch footballer (born 1879)

• 1936 Fuad I of Egypt (born 1868)

• 1939 Anne Walter Fearn, American physician (born 1867)

• 1944 Mohammed Alim Khan, Manghud ruler (born 1880)

• 1944 Frank Knox, American journalist and politician, 46th United States Secretary of the Navy (born 1874)

• 1945 Roberto Farinacci, Italian soldier and politician (born 1892)

• 1945 Hermann Fegelein, German general (born 1906)

• 1945 Benito Mussolini, Italian journalist, fascist dictator and politician, 27th Prime Minister of Italy (born 1883)

• 1946 Louis Bachelier, French mathematician and academic (born 1870)

• 1954 Léon Jouhaux, French union leader, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1879)

• 1956 Fred Marriott, American race car driver (born 1872)

• 1957 Heinrich Bär, German colonel and pilot (born 1913)

• 1962 Bennie Osler, South African rugby player (born 1901)

• 1963 Wilhelm Weber, German gymnast (born 1880)

• 1970 Ed Begley, American actor (born 1901)

• 1973 Clas Thunberg, Finnish speed skater (born 1893)

• 1976 Richard Hughes, British author and poet (born 1900)

• 1977 Ricardo Cortez, American actor (born 1900)

• 1977 Sepp Herberger, German footballer and coach (born 1897)

• 1978 Mohammed Daoud Khan, Afghan commander and politician, 1st President of Afghanistan (born 1909)

• 1980 Tommy Caldwell, American bass player (born 1949)

• 1987 Ben Linder, American engineer and activist (born 1959)

• 1989 Esa Pakarinen, Finnish actor and musician (born 1911)

• 1991 Steve Broidy, American film producer (born 1905)

• 1992 Francis Bacon, Irish painter (born 1909)

• 1993 Diva Diniz Corrêa, Brazilian zoologist (born 1918)

• 1993 Jim Valvano, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster (born 1946)

• 1994 Berton Roueché, American journalist and author (born 1910)

• 1996 Lester Sumrall, American minister, founded LeSEA (born 1913)

• 1997 Ann Petry, American novelist (born 1908)

• 1998 Jerome Bixby, American author and screenwriter (born 1923)

• 1999 Rory Calhoun, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (born 1922)

• 1999 Rolf Landauer, German-American physicist and engineer (born 1927)

• 1999 Alf Ramsey, English footballer and manager (born 1920)

• 1999 Arthur Leonard Schawlow, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1921)

• 2000 Jerzy Einhorn, Polish-Swedish physician and politician (born 1925)

• 2000 Penelope Fitzgerald, English author and poet (born 1916)

• 2002 Alexander Lebed, Russian general and politician (born 1950)

• 2002 Lou Thesz, American wrestler and trainer (born 1916)

• 2005 Percy Heath, American bassist (born 1923)

• 2005 Chris Candido, American wrestler (born 1971)

• 2005 Taraki Sivaram, Sri Lankan journalist and author (born 1959)

• 2006 Steve Howe, American baseball player (born 1958)

• 2007 Dabbs Greer, American actor (born 1917)

• 2007 René Mailhot, Canadian journalist (born 1942)

• 2007 Tommy Newsom, American saxophonist and bandleader (born 1929)

• 2007 Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist and philosopher (born 1912)

• 2007 Bertha Wilson, Scottish-Canadian lawyer and jurist (born 1923)

• 2009 Ekaterina Maximova, Russian ballerina and actress (born 1939)

• 2009 Richard Pratt, Polish-Australian businessman (born 1934)

• 2011 Erhard Loretan, Swiss mountaineer (born 1959)

• 2012 Fred Allen, New Zealand rugby player and coach (born 1920)

• 2012 Matilde Camus, Spanish poet and author (born 1919)

• 2012 Al Ecuyer, American football player (born 1937)

• 2012 Patricia Medina, English actress (born 1919)

• 2012 Milan N. Popović, Serbian psychiatrist and author (born 1924)

• 2012 Aberdeen Shikoyi, Kenyan rugby player (born 1985)

• 2013 Brad Lesley, American baseball player (born 1958)

• 2013 Fredrick McKissack, American author (born 1939)

• 2013 John C. Reynolds, American computer scientist and academic (born 1935)

• 2013 Jack Shea, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1928)

• 2013 János Starker, Hungarian-American cellist and educator (born 1924)

• 2013 Paulo Vanzolini, Brazilian singer-songwriter and zoologist (born 1924)

• 2013 Bernie Wood, New Zealand journalist and author (born 1939)

• 2014 Barbara Fiske Calhoun, American cartoonist and painter (born 1919)

• 2014 William Honan, American journalist and author (born 1930)

• 2014 Dennis Kamakahi, American guitarist and composer (born 1953)

• 2014 Edgar Laprade, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1919)

• 2014 Jack Ramsay, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster (born 1925)

• 2014 Idris Sardi, Indonesian violinist and composer (born 1938)

• 2014 Frederic Schwartz, American architect, co-designed Empty Sky (born 1951)

• 2014 Ryan Tandy, Australian rugby player (born 1981)

• 2015 Antônio Abujamra, Brazilian actor and director (born 1932)

• 2015 Marcia Brown, American author and illustrator (born 1918)

• 2015 Michael J. Ingelido, American general (born 1916)

• 2016 Jenny Diski, English author and screenwriter (born 1947)

• 2017 Mariano Gagnon, American Catholic priest and author (born 1929)

• 2018 James Hylton, American race car driver (born 1934)

• 2019 Richard Lugar, American politician (born 1932)

• 2019 John Singleton, American film director (born 1968)

• 2021 Michael Collins, American astronaut (born 1930)

• 2021 El Risitas, Spanish comedian (born 1956)

• 2024 Brian McCardie, Scottish actor and writer (born 1965)

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

• Aphrodisius and companions

• Gianna Beretta Molla

• Kirill of Turov (Orthodox, added to Roman Martyrology in 1969)

• Louis de Montfort

• Blessed Marie Louise Trichet

• Pamphilus of Sulmona

• Peter Chanel

• Vitalis and Valeria of Milan

• April 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Mujahideen Victory Day (Afghanistan)

• National Heroes Day (Barbados)

• Restoration of Sovereignty Day (Japan)

• Sardinia Day (Sardinia)

Workers' Memorial Day and World Day for Safety and Health at Work (international)

• National Day of Mourning (Canada)

• Ed Balls Day

References

External links

• BBC: On This Day

• Historical Events on April 28