Events

Pre-1600

• 79 Mount Vesuvius begins stirring, on the feast day of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire.

• 406 The Western Roman army under Stilicho corners and defeats the Ostrogothic army in the battle of Faesulae.

• 476 Odoacer, chieftain of the Germanic tribes (Herulic – Scirian foederati), is proclaimed rex Italiae ("King of Italy") by his troops.

• 1244 Siege of Jerusalem: The city surrenders to the Khwarazmiyya, ending Christian control of Jerusalem for the next 672 years.

• 1268 The Battle of Tagliacozzo: The army of Prince Conradin is nearly destroyed by Charles of Anjou, ending Hohenstaufen control over the Kingdom of Sicily and leaving the Angevins in control.

• 1305 William Wallace is put on trial and subsequently hanged, drawn and quartered.

• 1328 Battle of Cassel: French troops stop an uprising of Flemish farmers.

• 1382 The Golden Horde, led by Khan Tokhtamysh, begins the Siege of Moscow, which ends four days later with the storming of the city and the death of Muscovite Prince Ostei.

• 1514 The Battle of Chaldiran ends with a decisive victory for the Sultan Selim I, Ottoman Empire, over the Shah Ismail I, founder of the Safavid dynasty.

• 1521 Christian II of Denmark is deposed as king of Sweden and Gustav Vasa is elected regent.

• 1541 French explorer Jacques Cartier lands near Quebec City in his third voyage to Canada.

• 1572 French Wars of Religion: Mob violence against thousands of Huguenots in Paris results in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.

• 1595 Long Turkish War: Wallachian prince Michael the Brave confronts the Ottoman army in the Battle of Călugăreni and achieves a tactical victory.

• 1600 Battle of Gifu Castle: The eastern forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the western Japanese clans loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori, leading to the destruction of Gifu Castle and serving as a prelude to the Battle of Sekigahara.

1601–1900

• 1628 George Villiers, the first Duke of Buckingham, is assassinated by John Felton.

• 1655 Battle of Sobota: The Swedish Empire led by Charles X Gustav defeats the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

• 1703 Edirne event: Sultan Mustafa II of the Ottoman Empire is dethroned.

• 1775 American Revolutionary War: King George III delivers his Proclamation of Rebellion to the Court of St James's stating that the American colonies have proceeded to a state of open and avowed rebellion.

• 1782 British forces under Edward Despard complete the reconquest of the Black River settlements on the Mosquito Coast from the Spanish.

• 1784 Western North Carolina (now eastern Tennessee) declares itself an independent state under the name of Franklin; it is not accepted into the United States, and only lasts for four years.

• 1799 Napoleon Bonaparte leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power.

• 1813 At the Battle of Großbeeren, the Prussians under Von Bülow repulse the French army.

• 1831 Nat Turner's rebellion of enslaved Virginians is suppressed.

• 1839 The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for the First Opium War with Qing China.

• 1864 American Civil War: The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas.

• 1866 The Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague.

• 1873 The Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens.

• 1898 The Southern Cross Expedition, the first British venture of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, departs from London.

1901–present

• 1904 The automobile tire chain is patented.

• 1914 World War I: The British Expeditionary Force and the French Fifth Army begin their Great Retreat before the German Army.

• 1914 World War I: Japan declares war on Germany.

• 1921 British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber Estuary; of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive.

• 1923 Captain Lowell Smith and Lieutenant John P. Richter perform the first mid-air refueling on De Havilland DH-4B, setting an endurance flight record of 37 hours.

• 1927 Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed after a lengthy, controversial trial.

• 1929 Hebron Massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attacks on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine occur, continuing until the next day, resulting in the death of 65–68 Jews and the remaining Jews being forced to leave the city.

• 1939 World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret protocol to the pact, Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Romania are divided into German and Soviet "spheres of influence".

• 1942 World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad.

• 1943 World War II: Kharkiv is liberated by the Soviet Red Army for the second time after the Battle of Kursk.

• 1944 World War II: Marseille is liberated by the Allied forces.

• 1944 World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Antonescu, who is later arrested. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies.

• 1944 Freckleton air disaster: A United States Army Air Forces B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England, killing 61 people.

• 1945 World War II: Soviet–Japanese War: The USSR State Defense Committee issues Decree no. 9898cc "About Receiving, Accommodation, and Labor Utilization of the Japanese Army Prisoners of War".

• 1946 Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constitutes the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein.

• 1948 The World Council of Churches is formed by 147 churches from 44 countries.

• 1954 The first flight of the Lockheed C-130 multi-role aircraft takes place.

• 1954 The Cruise of the Kings, a royal cruise organised by the Queen Consort of Greece, Frederica of Hanover, departs from Marseille, France.

• 1958 Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy.

• 1966 Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon.

• 1970 Organized by Mexican American labor union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins.

• 1973 A bank robbery gone wrong in Stockholm, Sweden, turns into a hostage crisis; over the next five days the hostages begin to sympathise with their captors, leading to the term "Stockholm syndrome".

• 1975 The start of the Wave Hill walk-off by Gurindji people in Australia, lasting eight years, a landmark event in the history of Indigenous land rights in Australia, commemorated in a 1991 Paul Kelly song and an annual celebration.

• 1975 The Pontiac Silverdome opens in Pontiac, Michigan, northwest of Detroit, Michigan.

• 1985 Hans Tiedge, top counter-spy of West Germany, defects to East Germany.

• 1989 Singing Revolution: Two million people from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania stand on the Vilnius–Tallinn road, holding hands.

• 1990 Saddam Hussein appears on Iraqi state television with a number of Western "guests" (actually hostages) to try to prevent the Gulf War.

• 1990 Armenia declares its independence from the Soviet Union.

• 1990 West and East Germany announce that they will reunite on October 3.

• 1991 The World Wide Web is opened to the public.

• 1994 Eugene Bullard, the only African American pilot in World War I, is posthumously commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the United States Air Force.

• 2000 Gulf Air Flight 072 crashes into the Persian Gulf near Manama, Bahrain, killing 143.

• 2006 Natascha Kampusch, who had been abducted at the age of ten, escapes from her captor Wolfgang Přiklopil, after eight years of captivity.

• 2007 The skeletal remains of Russia's last royal family members Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia, and his sister Grand Duchess Anastasia are discovered near Yekaterinburg, Russia.

• 2010 The Manila hostage crisis occurs near the Quirino Grandstand in Manila, Philippines, killing 9 people including the perpetrator while injuring 9 others.

• 2011 A magnitude 5.8 (class: moderate) earthquake occurs in Virginia. Damage occurs to monuments and structures in Washington, D.C. and the resulted damage is estimated at 200million–300million USD.

• 2011 Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi is overthrown after the National Transitional Council forces take control of Bab al-Azizia compound during the Libyan Civil War.

• 2012 A hot-air balloon crashes near the Slovenian capital of Ljubljana, killing six people and injuring 28 others.

• 2013 A riot at the Palmasola prison complex in Santa Cruz, Bolivia kills 31 people.

• 2023 Chandrayaan-3 mission initiates first Moon landing in Indian history.

• 2023 A business jet carrying key leadership members of the Russian private military company Wagner Group crashes, killing all ten people on board.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1482 Cho Kwangjo, Korean philosopher (died 1520)

• 1486 Sigismund von Herberstein, Slovenian historian and diplomat (died 1566)

• 1498 Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal (died 1500)

• 1524 François Hotman, French lawyer and jurist (died 1590)

• 1579 Thomas Dempster, Scottish scholar and historian (died 1625)

1601–1900

• 1623 Stanisław Lubieniecki, Polish astronomer, theologian, and historian (died 1675)

• 1724 Abraham Yates Jr., American lawyer and civil servant (died 1796)

• 1741 Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse, French admiral and explorer (died 1788)

• 1754 Louis XVI of France (died 1793)

• 1768 Astley Cooper, British surgeon and anatomist (died 1841)

• 1769 Georges Cuvier, French biologist and academic (died 1832)

• 1783 William Tierney Clark, English engineer, designed the Hammersmith Bridge (died 1852)

• 1785 Oliver Hazard Perry, American commander (died 1819)

• 1800 Evangelos Zappas, Greek patriot, philanthropist, and businessman (died 1865)

• 1805 Anton von Schmerling, Austrian judge and politician (died 1893)

• 1814 James Roosevelt Bayley, American archbishop (died 1877)

• 1829 Moritz Cantor, German mathematician and historian (died 1920)

• 1843 William Southam, Canadian publisher (died 1932)

• 1846 Alexander Milne Calder, Scottish-American sculptor (died 1923)

• 1847 Sarah Frances Whiting, American physicist and astronomer (died 1927)

• 1849 William Ernest Henley, English poet and critic (died 1903)

• 1850 John Cockburn, Scottish-Australian politician, 18th Premier of South Australia (died 1929)

• 1852 Radha Gobinda Kar, Indian physician and philanthropist (died 1918)

• 1852 Clímaco Calderón, Colombian lawyer and politician, 15th President of Colombia (died 1913)

• 1852 Arnold Toynbee, English economist and historian (died 1883)

• 1854 Moritz Moszkowski, Polish-German pianist and composer (died 1925)

• 1864 Eleftherios Venizelos, Greek lawyer, jurist, and politician, 93rd Prime Minister of Greece (died 1936)

• 1867 Edgar de Wahl, Ukrainian-Estonian linguist and academic (died 1948)

• 1868 Edgar Lee Masters, American lawyer, author, poet, and playwright (died 1950)

• 1872 Tanguturi Prakasam, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Chief Minister of Andhra (died 1957)

• 1875 William Eccles, English physicist and engineer (died 1966)

• 1875 Eugene Lanceray, Russian painter and sculptor (died 1946)

• 1877 István Medgyaszay, Hungarian architect and academic (died 1959)

• 1880 Alexander Grin, Russian sailor and author (died 1932)

• 1882 Volin, Russia anarchist intellectual (died 1945)

• 1883 Jonathan M. Wainwright, American general, Medal of Honor recipient (died 1953)

• 1884 Will Cuppy, American author and critic (died 1949)

• 1884 Ogden L. Mills, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 50th United States Secretary of the Treasury (died 1937)

• 1890 Harry Frank Guggenheim, American businessman and publisher, co-founded Newsday (died 1971)

• 1891 Roy Agnew, Australian pianist and composer (died 1944)

• 1891 Minna Craucher, Finnish socialite and spy (died 1932)

• 1894 John Auden, English solicitor, deputy coroner and a territorial soldier (died 1959)

• 1897 Henry F. Pringle, American historian and journalist (died 1958)

• 1900 Frances Adaskin, Canadian pianist (died 2001)

• 1900 Ernst Krenek, Austrian-American composer and educator (died 1991)

• 1900 Malvina Reynolds, American singer-songwriter and activist (died 1978)

1901–present

• 1901 Guy Bush, American baseball player and manager (died 1985)

• 1901 John Sherman Cooper, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 2nd United States Ambassador to East Germany (died 1991)

• 1904 William Primrose, Scottish viola player and educator (died 1982)

• 1905 Ernie Bushmiller, American cartoonist (died 1982)

• 1905 Constant Lambert, English composer and conductor (died 1951)

• 1906 Zoltan Sarosy, Hungarian-Canadian chess master (died 2017)

• 1908 Hannah Frank, Scottish sculptor and illustrator (died 2008)

• 1909 Syd Buller, English cricketer and umpire (died 1970)

• 1910 Lonny Frey, American baseball player and soldier (died 2009)

• 1910 Giuseppe Meazza, Italian footballer and manager (died 1979)

• 1911 Betty Robinson, American sprinter (died 1999)

• 1911 J.V. Cunningham, American poet, literary critic, and translator (died 1985)

• 1912 Gene Kelly, American actor, singer, and dancer (died 1996)

• 1912 Igor Troubetzkoy, Russian aristocrat and race car driver (died 2008)

• 1913 Bob Crosby, American swing singer and bandleader (died 1993)

• 1917 Tex Williams, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1985)

• 1919 Vladimir Abramovich Rokhlin, Azerbaijani mathematician and theorist (died 1984)

• 1921 Kenneth Arrow, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2017)

• 1921 Sam Cook, English cricketer and umpire (died 1996)

• 1922 Nazik Al-Malaika, Iraqi poet and academic (died 2007)

• 1922 Jean Darling, American actress and singer (died 2015)

• 1922 George Kell, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 2009)

• 1923 Wynona Carr, American gospel, R&B and rock and roll singer-songwriter (died 1976)

• 1924 Ephraim Kishon, Israeli author, screenwriter, and director (died 2005)

• 1924 Madeleine Riffaud, French poet, journalist and Resistance member (died 2024)

• 1924 Robert Solow, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2023)

• 1925 Robert Mulligan, American director and producer (died 2008)

• 1926 Clifford Geertz, American anthropologist and academic (died 2006)

• 1926 Gyula Hernádi, Hungarian author and screenwriter (died 2005)

• 1927 Dick Bruna, Dutch author and illustrator (died 2017)

• 1927 Allan Kaprow, American painter and author (died 2006)

• 1927 Martial Solal, Algerian-French pianist and composer (died 2024)

• 1928 Marian Seldes, American actress (died 2014)

• 1929 Vladimir Beekman, Estonian poet and translator (died 2009)

• 1929 Zoltán Czibor, Hungarian footballer (died 1997)

• 1929 Peter Thomson, Australian golfer (died 2018)

• 1930 Michel Rocard, French civil servant and politician, 160th Prime Minister of France (died 2016)

• 1930 Vera Miles, American actress

• 1931 Barbara Eden, American actress and singer

• 1931 Hamilton O. Smith, American microbiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2025)

• 1932 Houari Boumediene, Algerian colonel and politician, 2nd President of Algeria (died 1978)

• 1932 Enos Nkala, Zimbabwean soldier and politician, Zimbabwean Minister of Defence (died 2013)

• 1932 Mark Russell, American comedian and pianist (died 2023)

• 1933 Robert Curl, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2022)

• 1933 Don Talbot, Australian swim coach and administrator (died 2020)

• 1933 Pete Wilson, American commander and politician, 36th Governor of California

• 1934 Sonny Jurgensen, American football player and sportscaster (died 2026)

• 1935 Roy Strong, English historian, curator, and author

• 1936 Rudy Lewis, American R&B singer (died 1964)

• 1936 Henry Lee Lucas, American murderer (died 2001)

• 1938 Giacomo Bini, Italian priest and missionary (died 2014)

• 1938 Roger Greenaway, English singer-songwriter and producer

• 1940 Galen Rowell, American mountaineer and photographer (died 2002)

• 1940 Richard Sanders, American actor and screenwriter

• 1940 Thomas A. Steitz, American biochemist best known for his work on the ribosome (died 2018)

• 1941 Onora O'Neill, Baroness O'Neill of Bengarve, British philosopher, academic, and politician

• 1942 Nancy Richey, American tennis player

• 1943 Dale Campbell-Savours, Baron Campbell-Savours, English businessman and politician

• 1943 Nelson DeMille, American lieutenant and author (died 2024)

• 1943 Peter Lilley, English politician, Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills

• 1943 Pino Presti, Italian bass player, composer, conductor, and producer

• 1943 Rodney Alcala, American serial killer, rapist, and kidnapper (died 2021)

• 1944 Antonia Novello, Puerto Rican-American physician and admiral, 14th Surgeon General of the United States

• 1945 Rayfield Wright, American football player and coach (died 2022)

• 1946 Keith Moon, English drummer, songwriter, and producer (died 1978)

• 1947 David Robb, Scottish actor

• 1947 Willy Russell, English playwright and composer

• 1947 Linda Thompson, English folk-rock singer-songwriter

• 1948 Atef Bseiso, Palestinian intelligence officer (died 1992)

• 1948 Andrei Pleșu, Romanian journalist and politician, 95th Romanian Minister of Foreign Affairs

• 1948 Rudy Ruettiger, American football player

• 1948 Lev Zeleny, Russian physicist and academic

• 1949 Vicky Leandros, Greek singer and politician

• 1949 Shelley Long, American actress

• 1949 Rick Springfield, Australian-American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor

• 1950 Luigi Delneri, Italian footballer and manager

• 1951 Mark Hudson, American record producer and musician

• 1951 Jimi Jamison, American singer-songwriter and musician (died 2014)

• 1951 Akhmad Kadyrov, Chechen cleric and politician, 1st President of the Chechen Republic (died 2004)

• 1951 Queen Noor of Jordan

• 1952 Santillana, Spanish footballer

• 1952 Georgios Paraschos, Greek footballer and manager

• 1953 Bobby G, English singer-songwriter

• 1954 Charles Busch, American actor and screenwriter

• 1954 Halimah Yacob, Singaporean unionist and politician, 9th Speaker and 8th President of Singapore

• 1955 David Learner, British actor

• 1956 Andreas Floer, German mathematician and academic (died 1991)

• 1956 Valgerd Svarstad Haugland, Norwegian educator and politician, Norwegian Minister of Culture

• 1956 Skipp Sudduth, American actor

• 1957 Tasos Mitropoulos, Greek footballer and politician

• 1958 Julio Franco, Dominican baseball player and manager

• 1959 Edwyn Collins, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1959 George Kalovelonis, Greek tennis player and coach

• 1960 Gary Hoey, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer

• 1961 Dean DeLeo, American guitarist and songwriter

• 1961 Alexandre Desplat, French composer and conductor

• 1961 Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Iranian commander and politician, 54th Mayor of Tehran

• 1961 Gary Mabbutt, English footballer

• 1961 Hitomi Takahashi, Japanese actress

• 1962 Martin Cauchon, Canadian lawyer and politician, 46th Canadian Minister of Justice

• 1962 Shaun Ryder, English singer-songwriter and actor

• 1963 Park Chan-wook, South Korean director, producer, and screenwriter

• 1963 Glória Pires, Brazilian actress

• 1963 Richard Illingworth, English cricketer and umpire

• 1963 Kenny Wallace, American race car driver

• 1964 Ray Ferraro, Canadian ice hockey player and broadcaster

• 1964 Kong Hee, Singaporean minister and criminal

• 1965 Roger Avary, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter

• 1966 Rik Smits, Dutch-American basketball player

• 1967 Jim Murphy, Scottish lawyer and politician, Minister of State for Europe

• 1967 Richard Petrie, New Zealand cricketer

• 1968 Laura Claycomb, American soprano

• 1968 Chris DiMarco, American golfer

• 1968 Cortez Kennedy, American football player (died 2017)

• 1969 Tinus Linee, South African rugby player and coach (died 2014)

• 1969 Jack Lopresti, English soldier and politician

• 1969 Jeremy Schaap, American journalist and author

• 1969 Keith Tyson, English painter and illustrator

• 1970 Lawrence Frank, American basketball player and coach

• 1970 Jason Hetherington, Australian rugby league player

• 1970 Brad Mehldau, American jazz pianist

• 1970 Jay Mohr, American actor, producer, and screenwriter

• 1970 River Phoenix, American actor (died 1993)

• 1971 Demetrio Albertini, Italian footballer and manager

• 1971 Tim Gutberlet, German footballer

• 1971 Gretchen Whitmer, 49th Governor of Michigan

• 1972 Mark Butcher, English cricketer and singer

• 1972 Raul Casanova, Puerto Rican-American baseball player

• 1972 Anthony Calvillo, Canadian football player

• 1972 Martin Grainger, English footballer and manager

• 1972 Manuel Vidrio, Mexican footballer, coach, and manager

• 1973 Casey Blake, American baseball player

• 1973 Kerry Walmsley, New Zealand cricketer

• 1974 Lexi Alexander, American film and television director

• 1974 Mark Bellhorn, American baseball player

• 1974 Benjamin Limo, Kenyan runner

• 1974 Konstantin Novoselov, Russian-English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate

• 1974 Ray Park, Scottish actor and stuntman

• 1975 Eliza Carthy, English folk musician

• 1975 Sean Marks, New Zealand basketball player and manager

• 1975 Jarkko Ruutu, Finnish ice hockey player

• 1976 Scott Caan, American actor

• 1976 Pat Garrity, American basketball player and executive

• 1977 Douglas Sequeira, Costa Rican footballer and manager

• 1977 Jared Fogle, American spokesman and criminal

• 1978 Kobe Bryant, American basketball player and businessman (died 2020)

• 1978 Julian Casablancas, American singer-songwriter and producer

• 1978 Randal Tye Thomas, American journalist and politician (died 2014)

• 1978 Andrew Rannells, American actor and singer

• 1979 Jessica Bibby, Australian basketball player

• 1979 Saskia Clark, English sailor

• 1979 Edgar Sosa, Mexican boxer

• 1979 Zuzana Váleková, Slovak tennis player

• 1980 Denny Bautista, Dominican baseball player

• 1980 Nadine Jolie Courtney, American journalist, reality personality and author

• 1980 Joanne Froggatt, English actress

• 1980 Rex Grossman, American football player

• 1980 Nenad Vučković, Serbian handball player

• 1981 Carlos Cuéllar, Spanish footballer

• 1981 Jaime Lee Kirchner, American actress

• 1981 Stephan Loboué, Ivorian footballer

• 1982 Natalie Coughlin, American swimmer

• 1982 Scott Palguta, American soccer player

• 1982 Cristian Tudor, Romanian footballer (died 2012)

• 1983 James Collins, Welsh footballer

• 1983 Athena Farrokhzad, Iranian-Swedish poet, playwright, and critic

• 1983 Sun Mingming, Chinese basketball player

• 1983 Tony Moll, American football player

• 1983 Fiona Onasanya, British politician and criminal

• 1983 Bruno Spengler, Canadian race car driver

• 1984 Glen Johnson, English footballer

• 1984 Eric Tai, New Zealand rugby player and actor

• 1985 Valeria Lukyanova, Moldovan-Ukrainian model and singer

• 1986 Sky Blu, American rapper and DJ

• 1986 Neil Cicierega, American comedian and musician

• 1986 Ayron Jones, American musician

• 1986 Brett Morris, Australian rugby league player

• 1986 Josh Morris, Australian rugby league player

• 1987 Darren Collison, American basketball player

• 1988 Olga Govortsova, Belarusian tennis player

• 1988 Carl Hagelin, Swedish ice hockey player

• 1988 Jeremy Lin, American basketball player

• 1988 Kim Matula, American actress

• 1988 Miles Mikolas, American baseball player

• 1989 Lianne La Havas, British singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist

• 1989 Trixie Mattel, American drag queen, actor, and country singer

• 1989 Heiko Schwarz, German footballer

• 1989 TeddyLoid, Japanese musician

• 1990 Seth Curry, American basketball player

• 1990 Mike Yastrzemski, American baseball player

• 1992 Nicola Docherty, Scottish footballer

• 1992 Will Toledo, American singer-songwriter

• 1993 Taylor Decker, American football player

• 1993 Tyler Glasnow, American baseball player

• 1993 Iván López, Spanish professional footballer

• 1994 August Ames, Canadian pornographic actress (died 2017)

• 1994 Jusuf Nurkić, Bosnian basketball player

• 1995 Gabriela Lee, Romanian tennis player

• 1995 Cameron Norrie, British tennis player

• 1996 Alejo Igoa, Argentine YouTuber

• 1997 Lil Yachty, American rapper and singer

• 1998 P. J. Washington, American basketball player

• 1999 Saya Sakakibara, Australian cyclist

• 2000 Boryana Kaleyn, Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast and Olympic silver medalist

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 30 BC Caesarion, Egyptian king (born 47 BC)

• 30 BC Marcus Antonius Antyllus, Roman soldier (born 47 BC)

• 93 Gnaeus Julius Agricola, Roman general and politician (born AD 40)

• 406 Radagaisus, Gothic king

• 634 Abu Bakr, Arabian caliph (born 573)

• 992 Volkold, bishop of Meissen

• 1106 Magnus, Duke of Saxony (born 1045)

• 1176 Emperor Rokujō of Japan (born 1164)

• 1305 William Wallace, Scottish knight and rebel leader (born c.1270)

• 1328 Nicolaas Zannekin, Flemish peasant leader (in the battle of Cassel)

• 1329 Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine (born 1282)

• 1335 Heilwige Bloemardinne, Christian mystic (born c. 1265)

• 1348 John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury

• 1363 Chen Youliang, founder of the Dahan regime (born 1320)

• 1367 Gil Álvarez Carrillo de Albornoz, Spanish cardinal (born 1310)

• 1478 Johannes Pullois, Franco-Flemish composer (born c. 1420?)

• 1481 Thomas de Littleton, English judge and legal author (born c. 1407)

• 1498 Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, eldest daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (born 1470)

• 1507 Jean Molinet, French poet and composer (born 1435)

• 1519 Philibert Berthelier, Swiss soldier (born 1465)

• 1540 Guillaume Budé, French philosopher and scholar (born 1467)

• 1568 Thomas Wharton, 1st Baron Wharton (born 1495)

• 1574 Ebussuud Efendi, Turkish lawyer and jurist (born 1490)

• 1591 Luis de León, Spanish poet and academic (born 1527)

1601–1900

• 1618 Gerbrand Adriaenszoon Bredero, Dutch poet and playwright (born 1585)

• 1628 George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire (born 1592)

• 1652 John Byron, 1st Baron Byron, English soldier and politician (born 1600)

• 1706 Edward Nott, English politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (born 1654)

• 1723 Increase Mather, American minister and author (born 1639)

• 1806 Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist and engineer (born 1736)

• 1813 Alexander Wilson, Scottish-American poet, ornithologist, and illustrator (born 1766)

• 1819 Oliver Hazard Perry, American commander (born 1785)

• 1831 Ferenc Kazinczy, Hungarian author and poet (born 1759)

• 1831 August Neidhardt von Gneisenau, Prussian field marshal (born 1760)

• 1845 Thomas R. Gray, American author and diplomat (born 1800)

• 1853 Alexander Calder, American lawyer and politician (born 1806)

• 1867 Auguste-Marseille Barthélemy, French poet and author (born 1796)

• 1880 William Thompson, British boxer (born 1811)

• 1892 Deodoro da Fonseca, Brazilian field marshal and politician, 1st President of Brazil (born 1827)

• 1900 Kuroda Kiyotaka, Japanese general and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Japan (born 1840)

1901–present

• 1924 Heinrich Berté, Slovak-Austrian composer (born 1856)

• 1926 Rudolph Valentino, Italian actor (born 1895)

• 1927 Nicola Sacco, Italian anarchist convicted of murder (born 1891)

• 1927 Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Italian anarchist convicted of murder (born 1888)

• 1933 Adolf Loos, Austrian architect and theoretician, designed Villa Müller (born 1870)

• 1937 Albert Roussel, French composer (born 1869)

• 1944 Abdülmecid II, Ottoman caliph (born 1868)

• 1944 Stefan Filipkiewicz, Polish painter and illustrator (born 1879)

• 1949 Helen Churchill Candee, American geographer, journalist, and author (born 1858)

• 1954 Jaan Sarv, Estonian mathematician and scholar (born 1877)

• 1960 Oscar Hammerstein II, American director, producer, and composer (born 1895)

• 1962 Walter Anderson, Russian-German ethnologist and academic (born 1885)

• 1962 Hoot Gibson, American actor, director, and producer (born 1892)

• 1964 Edmond Hogan, Australian politician, 30th Premier of Victoria (born 1883)

• 1966 Francis X. Bushman, American actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1883)

• 1967 Georges Berger, Belgian race car driver (born 1918)

• 1967 Nathaniel Cartmell, American runner and coach (born 1883)

• 1974 Roberto Assagioli, Italian psychiatrist and author (born 1888)

• 1975 Faruk Gürler, Turkish general (born 1913)

• 1977 Naum Gabo, Russian sculptor and academic (born 1890)

• 1982 Stanford Moore, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1913)

• 1987 Didier Pironi, French race car and boat driver (born 1952)

• 1989 Mohammed Abed Elhai, Sudanese poet and academic (born 1944)

• 1989 R. D. Laing, Scottish psychiatrist and author (born 1927)

• 1990 David Rose, American pianist and composer (born 1910)

• 1994 Zoltán Fábri, Hungarian director and screenwriter (born 1917)

• 1995 Alfred Eisenstaedt, German-American photographer and journalist (born 1898)

• 1996 Margaret Tucker, Australian author and activist (born 1904)

• 1997 Eric Gairy, Grenadian educator and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Grenada (born 1922)

• 1997 John Kendrew, English biochemist and crystallographer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1917)

• 1999 Norman Wexler, American screenwriter (born 1926)

• 1999 James White, Irish author (born 1928)

• 2000 John Anthony Kaiser, American priest and missionary (born 1932)

• 2001 Kathleen Freeman, American actress (born 1919)

• 2001 Peter Maas, American journalist and author (born 1929)

• 2002 Hoyt Wilhelm, American baseball player and coach (born 1922)

• 2003 Bobby Bonds, American baseball player and manager (born 1946)

• 2003 Jack Dyer, Australian footballer and coach (born 1913)

• 2003 Jan Sedivka, Czech-Australian violinist and educator (born 1917)

• 2003 Michael Kijana Wamalwa, Kenyan lawyer and politician, 8th Vice President of Kenya (born 1944)

• 2005 Brock Peters, American actor (born 1927)

• 2006 Maynard Ferguson, Canadian trumpet player and bandleader (born 1928)

• 2008 John Russell, English-American author and critic (born 1919)

• 2012 Jerry Nelson, American puppeteer and voice actor (born 1934)

• 2012 Josepha Sherman, American anthologist and author (born 1946)

• 2013 Richard J. Corman, American businessman, founded the R.J. Corman Railroad Group (born 1955)

• 2013 William Glasser, American psychiatrist and author (born 1925)

• 2013 Charles Lisanby, American production designer and set director (born 1924)

• 2013 Konstanty Miodowicz, Polish ethnographer and politician (born 1951)

• 2013 Vesna Rožič, Slovenian chess player (born 1987)

• 2013 Tatyana Zaslavskaya, Russian sociologist and economist (born 1927)

• 2014 Albert Ebossé Bodjongo, Cameroonian footballer (born 1989)

• 2014 Annefleur Kalvenhaar, Dutch cyclist (born 1994)

• 2014 Birgitta Stenberg, Swedish author and illustrator (born 1932)

• 2014 Jaume Vallcorba Plana, Spanish philologist and publisher (born 1949)

• 2015 Augusta Chiwy, Congolese-Belgian nurse (born 1921)

• 2015 Guy Ligier, French rugby player and race car driver (born 1930)

• 2015 Enrique Reneau, Honduran footballer (born 1971)

• 2015 Paul Royle, Australian lieutenant and pilot (born 1914)

• 2021 Elizabeth Blackadder, Scottish painter and printmaker (born 1931)

• 2023 Dmitry Utkin, Russian army officer, founder of Wagner Group (born 1970)

• 2023 Yevgeny Prigozhin, Russian businessman, chief of Wagner Group (born 1961)

• 2023 Terry Funk, American professional wrestler (born 1944)

Holidays and observances

• Battle of Kursk Day (Russia)

Christian feast day:

• Ascelina

• Asterius, Claudius, and Neon

• Éogan of Ardstraw

• Blessed Franciszek Dachtera

• Blessed Juan María de la Cruz

• Lupus (Luppus) of Novae

• Philip Benitius

• Quiriacus and companions, of Ostia

• Rose of Lima

• Tydfil

• Zacchaeus of Jerusalem

• August 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Day of the National Flag (Ukraine)

European Day of Remembrance for Victims of Stalinism and Nazism or Black Ribbon Day (European Union and other countries), and related observances:

• Liberation from Fascist Occupation Day (Romania)

• International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition

• National Day for Physicians (Iran)

• The memorial day for the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis(the August 23 shelling war) (Taiwan)

References

External links