Wikipedia / Lists of mathematics topics
Wikipedia / Lists of mathematics topics
These lists cover a variety of topics related to mathematics. Some link to hundreds of articles, others only a few. They cover, for example: aspects of basic and advanced mathematics, methodology, general concepts, reference tables, mathematical societies, and mathematicians.
The purpose of this list is similar to that of the Mathematics Subject Classification formulated by the American Mathematical Society. Many mathematics journals ask authors of research papers and expository articles to list subject codes from the Mathematics Subject Classification in their papers. The subject codes so listed are used by the two major reviewing databases, Mathematical Reviews and Zentralblatt MATH. This list has some items that would not fit in such a classification, such as list of exponential topics and list of factorial and binomial topics, which may surprise the reader with the diversity of their coverage.
Basic mathematics
This branch is typically taught in secondary education or in the first year of university.
List of logarithmic identities
Areas of advanced mathematics
As a rough guide, this list is divided into pure and applied sections although in reality, these branches are overlapping and intertwined.
Pure mathematics
Algebra
Algebra includes the study of algebraic structures, which are sets and operations defined on these sets satisfying certain axioms. The field of algebra is further divided according to which structure is studied; for instance, group theory concerns an algebraic structure called group.
Calculus and analysis
Calculus studies the computation of limits, derivatives, and integrals of functions of real numbers, and in particular studies instantaneous rates of change. Analysis evolved from calculus.
List of functional analysis topics
List of harmonic analysis topics
See also Dynamical systems and differential equations section below.
Geometry and topology
Geometry is initially the study of spatial figures like circles and cubes, though it has been generalized considerably. Topology developed from geometry; it looks at those properties that do not change even when the figures are deformed by stretching and bending, like dimension.
List of algebraic geometry topics
List of general topology topics
List of algebraic topology topics
Combinatorics
Combinatorics concerns the study of discrete (and usually finite) objects. Aspects include "counting" the objects satisfying certain criteria (enumerative combinatorics), deciding when the criteria can be met, and constructing and analyzing objects meeting the criteria (as in combinatorial designs and matroid theory), finding "largest", "smallest", or "optimal" objects (extremal combinatorics and combinatorial optimization), and finding algebraic structures these objects may have (algebraic combinatorics).
Logic
Logic is the foundation that underlies mathematical logic and the rest of mathematics. It tries to formalize valid reasoning. In particular, it attempts to define what constitutes a proof.
Number theory
The branch of mathematics deals with the properties and relationships of numbers, especially positive integers. Number theory is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers and integer-valued functions. German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss said, "Mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of mathematics." Number theory also studies the natural, or whole, numbers. One of the central concepts in number theory is that of the prime number, and there are many questions about primes that appear simple but whose resolution continues to elude mathematicians.
List of prime numbersnot just a table, but a list of various kinds of prime numbers (each with an accompanying table)
Applied mathematics
Dynamical systems and differential equations
A differential equation is an equation involving an unknown function and its derivatives.
In a dynamical system, a fixed rule describes the time dependence of a point in a geometrical space. The mathematical models used to describe the swinging of a clock pendulum, the flow of water in a pipe, or the number of fish each spring in a lake are examples of dynamical systems.
Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is concerned with "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories".
Theory of computation
The fields of mathematics and computing intersect both in computer science, the study of algorithms and data structures, and in scientific computing, the study of algorithmic methods for solving problems in mathematics, science, and engineering.
Lists for computational topics in geometry and graphics
Information theory and signal processing
Information theory is a branch of applied mathematics and social science involving the quantification of information. Historically, information theory was developed to find fundamental limits on compressing and reliably communicating data.
Signal processing is the analysis, interpretation, and manipulation of signalss. Signals of interest include sound, images, biological signals such as ECG, radar signals, and many others. Processing of such signals includes filtering, storage and reconstruction, separation of information from noise, compression, and feature extraction.
Probability and statistics
Probability theory is the formalization and study of the mathematics of uncertain events or knowledge. The related field of mathematical statistics develops statistical theory with mathematics. Statistics, the science concerned with collecting and analyzing data, is an autonomous discipline (and not a subdiscipline of applied mathematics).
Game theory
Game theory is a branch of mathematics that uses models to study interactions with formalized incentive structures ("games"). It has applications in a variety of fields, including economics, anthropology, political science, social psychology and military strategy.
Operations research
Operations research is the study and use of mathematical models, statistics, and algorithms to aid in decision-making, typically with the goal of improving or optimizing the performance of real-world systems.
Methodology
Mathematical statements
A mathematical statement amounts to a proposition or assertion of some mathematical fact, formula, or construction. Such statements include axioms and the theorems that may be proved from them, conjectures that may be unproven or even unprovable, and also algorithms for computing the answers to questions that can be expressed mathematically.
General concepts
Mathematical objects
Among mathematical objects are numbers, functionss, setss, a great variety of things called "spaces" of one kind or another, algebraic structures such as rings, groupss, or fieldss, and many other things.
About mathematics
Mathematicians
Mathematicians study and research in all the different areas of mathematics.
Work of particular mathematicians
Reference tables
Integrals
In calculus, the integral of a function is a generalization of area, mass, volume, sum, and total. The following pages list the integrals of many different functions.
Journals
Meta-lists
See also
Others
Notes
: Definition from the Journal of Mathematical Physics https://web.archive.org/web/20061003233339/http://jmp.aip.org/jmp/staff.jsp.
External links and references
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification from the American Mathematical Society, scheme authors find many mathematics research journals asking them to use to classify their submissions; those published then include these classifications.