Events

Pre-1600

• 295 BC The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War.

• 43 BC In the wake of the murder of Julius Caesar, his nephew and heir, Octavian, uses the threat of military force to compel the Roman Senate to elect him Consul.

• 797 Byzantine Emperor Constantine VI is seized by supporters of his mother Irene, deposed and blinded.

• 947 Abu Yazid, a Kharijite rebel leader, is defeated and killed in the Hodna Mountains in modern-day Algeria by Fatimid forces.

• 1153 After a six-month siege, Baldwin III of Jerusalem captures Ascalon, obtaining a vast amount of plunder and securing the southern border of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

• 1274 Coronation of Edward I of England.

• 1458 Pope Pius II is elected the 211th Pope.

• 1504 In Ireland, the Hiberno-Norman de Burghs (Burkes) and Cambro-Norman Fitzgeralds fight in the Battle of Knockdoe.

• 1561 Mary, Queen of Scots, aged 18, returns to Scotland after spending 13 years in France.

1601–1900

• 1604 Eighty Years War: a besieging Dutch and English army led by Maurice of Orange forces the Spanish garrison of Sluis to capitulate.

• 1659 Parliamentarian forces under John Lambert defeat Royalist forces under George Booth in the battle of Winnington Bridge, ending Booth's Uprising.

• 1666 Second Anglo-Dutch War: Rear Admiral Robert Holmes leads a raid on the Dutch island of Terschelling, destroying 116 to 160 merchant ships, an act later known as "Holmes's Bonfire".

• 1691 An Imperial army under Ludwig of Baden defeats the Ottomans in the battle of Slankamen.

• 1692 Salem witch trials: In Salem, province of Massachusetts Bay, Martha Carrier, George Jacobs Sr., John Proctor, John Willard, and clergyman George Burroughs are executed after being convicted of witchcraft.

• 1725 J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Lobe den Herren, den mächtigen König der Ehren, BWV 137, a cantata setting the unchanged text of Neander's hymn.

• 1745 Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan: The start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as "the 45".

• 1745 Ottoman–Persian War: In the Battle of Kars, the Ottoman army is routed by Persian forces led by Nader Shah.

• 1759 Battle of Lagos: Naval battle during the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France.

• 1772 Gustav III of Sweden stages a coup d'état, in which he assumes power and enacts a new constitution that divides power between the Riksdag and the King.

• 1782 American Revolutionary War: Battle of Blue Licks: The last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British commander Charles Cornwallis following the Siege of Yorktown.

• 1787 Sultan Abdul Hamid I declares war against the Russian Empire in an effort to regain territories lost in previous conflicts, starting the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792.

• 1812 War of 1812: American frigate defeats the British frigate off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning the nickname "Old Ironsides".

• 1813 Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's Second Triumvirate.

• 1839 The French government announces that Louis Daguerre's photographic process is a gift "free to the world".

• 1848 California Gold Rush: The New York Herald breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States of the gold rush in California (although the rush started in January).

• 1854 The First Sioux War begins when United States Army soldiers kill Lakota chief Conquering Bear and in return are massacred.

• 1861 First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps.

• 1862 Dakota War: During an uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors decide not to attack heavily defended Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way.

1901–present

• 1903 The Transfiguration Uprising breaks out in East Thrace, resulting in the establishment of the Strandzha Commune.

• 1909 The Indianapolis Motor Speedway opens for automobile racing. William Bourque and his mechanic are killed during the first day's events.

• 1920 The Tambov Rebellion breaks out, in response to the Bolshevik policy of Prodrazvyorstka.

• 1927 Patriarch Sergius of Moscow proclaims the declaration of loyalty of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Soviet Union.

• 1934 The first All-American Soap Box Derby is held in Dayton, Ohio.

• 1934 The German referendum of 1934 approves Adolf Hitler's appointment as head of state with the title of Führer.

• 1936 The Great Purge of the Soviet Union begins when the first of the Moscow Trials is convened.

• 1940 First flight of the B-25 Mitchell medium bomber.

• 1941 Germany and Romania sign the Tiraspol Agreement, rendering the region of Transnistria under control of the latter.

• 1942 World War II: Operation Jubilee (The Dieppe Raid): The 2nd Canadian Infantry Division leads an amphibious assault by allied forces on Dieppe, France and fails.

• 1944 World War II: Liberation of Paris: Paris, France rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops.

• 1945 August Revolution: Viet Minh led by Ho Chi Minh take power in Hanoi, Vietnam.

• 1953 Cold War: The CIA and MI6 help to overthrow the government of Mohammad Mosaddegh in Iran and reinstate the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.

• 1955 In the Northeast United States, severe flooding caused by Hurricane Diane, claims 200 lives.

• 1960 Cold War: In Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union, downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the Soviet Union for espionage.

• 1960 Sputnik program: Korabl-Sputnik 2: The Soviet Union launches the satellite with the dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, two rats and a variety of plants.

• 1964 Syncom 3, the first geostationary communication satellite, is launched. Two months later, it would enable live coverage of the 1964 Summer Olympics.

• 1965 Japanese prime minister Eisaku Satō becomes the first post-World War II sitting prime minister to visit Okinawa Prefecture.

• 1978 In Iran, the Cinema Rex fire causes more than 300 deaths.

• 1980 Saudia Flight 163, a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar burns after making an emergency landing at Riyadh International Airport in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, killing 301 people.

• 1980 Otłoczyn railway accident: In Poland's worst post-war railway accident, 67 people lose their lives and a further 62 are injured.

• 1981 Gulf of Sidra Incident: United States F-14A Tomcat fighters intercept and shoot down two Libyan Sukhoi Su-22 fighter jets over the Gulf of Sidra.

• 1981 Silvio Santos launches a new Brazilian television channel in São Paulo, Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão.

• 1987 Hungerford massacre: In the United Kingdom, Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with a semi-automatic rifle and then commits suicide.

• 1989 Polish president Wojciech Jaruzelski nominates Solidarity activist Tadeusz Mazowiecki to be the first non-communist prime minister in 42 years.

• 1989 Several hundred East Germans cross the frontier between Hungary and Austria during the Pan-European Picnic, part of the events that began the process of the Fall of the Berlin Wall.

• 1991 Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The August Coup begins when Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev is placed under house arrest while on holiday in the town of Foros, Ukraine.

• 1991 Crown Heights riot in New York City begins.

• 1999 In Belgrade, Yugoslavia, tens of thousands of Serbians rally to demand the resignation of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia President Slobodan Milošević.

• 2002 Khankala Mi-26 crash: A Russian Mil Mi-26 helicopter carrying troops is hit by a Chechen missile outside Grozny, killing 118 soldiers.

• 2003 A truck-bomb attack on United Nations headquarters in Iraq kills the agency's top envoy Sérgio Vieira de Mello and 21 other employees.

• 2003 Shmuel HaNavi bus bombing: A suicide attack on a bus in Jerusalem, planned by Hamas, kills 23 Israelis, seven of them children.

• 2004 Google Inc. has its initial public offering on Nasdaq.

• 2005 The first-ever joint military exercise between Russia and China, called Peace Mission 2005 begins.

• 2009 A series of bombings in Baghdad, Iraq, kills 101 and injures 565 others.

• 2010 Operation Iraqi Freedom ends, with the last of the United States brigade combat teams crossing the border to Kuwait.

• 2013 The Dhamara Ghat train accident kills at least 37 people in the Indian state of Bihar.

• 2017 Tens of thousands of farmed non-native Atlantic salmon are accidentally released into the wild in Washington waters in the 2017 Cypress Island Atlantic salmon pen break.

Births

Pre-1600

• 232 Marcus Aurelius Probus, Roman emperor (died 282)

• 1342 Catherine of Bohemia, duchess of Austria (died 1395)

• 1398 Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Santillana, Spanish poet and politician (died 1458)

• 1570 Salamone Rossi, Italian violinist and composer (probable; (died 1630)

• 1583 Daišan, Chinese prince and statesman (died 1648)

• 1590 Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire (died 1649)

• 1596 Elizabeth Stuart, queen of Bohemia (died 1662)

1601–1900

• 1609 Jan Fyt, Flemish painter (died 1661)

• 1621 Gerbrand van den Eeckhout, Dutch painter, etcher, and poet (died 1674)

• 1631 John Dryden, English poet, literary critic and playwright (died 1700)

• 1646 John Flamsteed, English astronomer and academic (died 1719)

• 1674 František Maxmilián Kaňka, Czech architect (died 1766)

• 1686 Eustace Budgell, English journalist and politician (died 1737)

• 1689 (baptized) Samuel Richardson, English author and publisher (died 1761)

• 1700 Bajirao I, 7th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. (died 1740)

• 1711 Edward Boscawen, English admiral and politician (died 1761)

• 1719 Charles-François de Broglie, marquis de Ruffec, French soldier and diplomat (died 1781)

• 1743 Madame du Barry, French mistress of Louis XV (died 1793)

• 1777 Francis I, king of the Two Sicilies (died 1830)

• 1815 Harriette Newell Woods Baker, American editor and children's book writer (died 1893)

• 1819 Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt, Luxembourger-Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (died 1894)

• 1830 Julius Lothar Meyer, German chemist (died 1895)

• 1835 Tom Wills, Australian cricketer and pioneer of Australian rules football (died 1880)

• 1843 C. I. Scofield, American minister and theologian (died 1921)

• 1846 Luis Martín, Spanish religious leader, 24th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (died 1906)

• 1848 Gustave Caillebotte, French painter and engineer (died 1894)

• 1849 Joaquim Nabuco, Brazilian politician and diplomat (died 1910)

• 1858 Ellen Willmott, English horticulturalist (died 1934)

• 1870 Bernard Baruch, American businessman and philanthropist (died 1965)

• 1871 Orville Wright, American engineer and pilot, co-founded the Wright Company (died 1948)

• 1873 Fred Stone, American actor and producer (died 1959)

• 1878 Manuel L. Quezon, Filipino soldier, lawyer, and politician, 2nd President of the Philippines (died 1944)

• 1881 George Enescu, Romanian violinist, pianist, composer, and conductor (died 1955)

• 1883 Coco Chanel, French fashion designer, founded the Chanel Company (died 1971)

• 1883 José Mendes Cabeçadas, Portuguese admiral and politician, 9th President of Portugal (died 1965)

• 1885 Grace Hutchins, American labor reformer and researcher (died 1969)

• 1887 S. Satyamurti, Indian lawyer and politician (died 1943)

• 1895 C. Suntharalingam, Sri Lankan lawyer, academic, and politician (died 1985)

• 1899 Colleen Moore, American actress (died 1988)

• 1900 Gontran de Poncins, French author and adventurer (died 1962)

• 1900 Gilbert Ryle, English philosopher, author, and academic (died 1976)

• 1900 Dorothy Burr Thompson, American archaeologist and art historian (died 2001)

1901–present

• 1902 Ogden Nash, American poet (died 1971)

• 1903 James Gould Cozzens, American novelist and short story writer (died 1978)

• 1906 Philo Farnsworth, American inventor, invented the Fusor, key figure in the invention of television (died 1971)

• 1907 Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Indian historian, author, and scholar (died 1979)

• 1909 Ronald King, New Zealand rugby player (died 1988)

• 1910 Saint Alphonsa, first woman of Indian origin to be canonized as a saint by the Catholic Church (died 1946)

• 1911 Anna Terruwe, Dutch psychiatrist and author (died 2004)

• 1912 Herb Narvo, Australian rugby league player, coach, and boxer (died 1958)

• 1913 John Argyris, Greek engineer and academic (died 2004)

• 1914 Lajos Baróti, Hungarian footballer and manager (died 2005)

• 1914 Fumio Hayasaka, Japanese composer (died 1955)

• 1914 Rose Heilbron, British barrister and judge (died 2005)

• 1915 Ring Lardner, Jr., American journalist and screenwriter (died 2000)

• 1915 – Peter Kemp, British soldier, mercenary, and writer (died 1993)

• 1916 Dennis Poore, English racing driver and businessman (died 1987)

• 1919 Malcolm Forbes, American publisher and politician (died 1990)

• 1921 Gene Roddenberry, American screenwriter and producer (died 1991)

• 1922 Jack Holland, Australian rugby league player (died 1994)

• 1923 Edgar F. Codd, English computer scientist, inventor of relational model of data (died 2003)

• 1924 Willard Boyle, Canadian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2011)

• 1924 William Marshall, American actor, director, and opera singer (died 2003)

• 1925 Claude Gauvreau, Canadian poet and playwright (died 1971)

• 1926 Angus Scrimm, American actor and author (died 2016)

• 1928 Shiv Prasaad Singh, Indian Hindi writer (died 1998)

• 1929 Ion N. Petrovici, Romanian-German neurologist and academic (died 2021)

• 1930 Frank McCourt, American author and educator (died 2009)

• 1931 Bill Shoemaker, American jockey and author (died 2003)

• 1932 Thomas P. Salmon, American lawyer and politician, 75th Governor of Vermont

• 1932 Banharn Silpa-archa, Thai politician, Prime Minister (1995–1996) (died 2016)

• 1933 Bettina Cirone, American model and photographer (died 2026)

• 1933 David Hopwood, English microbiologist and geneticist

• 1933 Debra Paget, American actress

• 1935 Bobby Richardson, American baseball player and coach

• 1937 Richard Ingrams, English journalist, founded The Oldie

• 1938 Diana Muldaur, American actress

• 1938 Nelly Vuksic, Argentine conductor and musician

• 1939 Alan Baker, British mathematician known for his work on transcendental number theory (died 2018)

• 1939 Ginger Baker, English drummer and songwriter (died 2019)

• 1940 Roger Cook, English songwriter, singer, and producer

• 1940 Johnny Nash, American singer-songwriter (died 2020)

• 1940 Jill St. John, American model and actress

• 1941 John Cootes, Australian rugby league player, priest, and businessman

• 1941 Mihalis Papagiannakis, Greek educator and politician (died 2009)

• 1942 Fred Thompson, American actor, lawyer, and politician (died 2015)

• 1943 Sid Going, New Zealand rugby player (died 2024)

• 1943 Billy J. Kramer, English pop singer

• 1944 Jack Canfield, American author

• 1944 Stew Johnson, American basketball player

• 1944 Bodil Malmsten, Swedish author and poet (died 2016)

• 1944 Eddy Raven, American country music singer-songwriter

• 1944 Charles Wang, Chinese-American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Computer Associates International (died 2018)

• 1945 Dennis Eichhorn, American author and illustrator (died 2015)

• 1945 Charles Wellesley, 9th Duke of Wellington, English politician

• 1945 Ian Gillan, English singer-songwriter

• 1946 Charles Bolden, American general and astronaut

• 1946 Bill Clinton, American lawyer and politician, 40th and 42nd Governor of Arkansas, 42nd President of the United States

• 1946 Dawn Steel, American film producer (died 1997)

• 1947 Gerald McRaney, American actor

• 1947 Anuška Ferligoj, Slovenian mathematician

• 1948 Jim Carter, English actor

• 1948 Tipper Gore, American activist and author, former Second Lady of the United States

• 1948 Christy O'Connor Jnr, Irish golfer and architect (died 2016)

• 1949 Michael Nazir-Ali, Pakistani-English bishop

• 1950 Jennie Bond, English journalist and author

• 1950 Sudha Murty, Indian author and teacher, head of Infosys Foundation

• 1951 John Deacon, English bass player and songwriter

• 1951 Gustavo Santaolalla, Argentinian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1952 Jonathan Frakes, American actor and director

• 1952 Gabriela Grillo, German equestrian (died 2024)

• 1952 Jimmy Watson, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1953 Luis Muñoz, Costa Rican jazz percussionist and bandleader

• 1954 Oscar Larrauri, Argentinian racing driver

• 1955 Mary-Anne Fahey, Australian actress

• 1955 Peter Gallagher, American actor

• 1955 Patricia Scotland, Baroness Scotland of Asthal, Dominica-born English lawyer and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales

• 1956 Adam Arkin, American actor, director, and producer

• 1956 José Rubén Zamora, Guatemalan journalist

• 1957 Paul-Jan Bakker, Dutch cricketer

• 1957 Gary Chapman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1957 Martin Donovan, American actor and director

• 1957 Cesare Prandelli, Italian footballer and manager

• 1957 Christine Soetewey, Belgian high jumper

• 1957 Gerda Verburg, Dutch trade union leader and politician, Dutch Minister of Agriculture

• 1958 Anthony Muñoz, American football player and sportscaster

• 1958 Brendan Nelson, Australian physician and politician, 47th Minister for Defence for Australia

• 1958 Rick Snyder, American politician and businessman, 48th Governor of Michigan

• 1958 Darryl Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

• 1959 Chris Mortimer, Australian rugby league player

• 1959 Ivan Neville, American singer-songwriter

• 1960 Morten Andersen, Danish-American football player

• 1960 Ron Darling, American baseball player and commentator

• 1961 Jonathan Coe, English author and academic

• 1963 John Stamos, American actor

• 1965 Kevin Dillon, American actor

• 1965 Kyra Sedgwick, American actress and producer

• 1965 James Tomkins, Australian rower

• 1966 Lee Ann Womack, American singer-songwriter

• 1967 Satya Nadella, Indian-American business executive, chairman and CEO of Microsoft

• 1969 Douglas Allen Tunstall Jr., American professional wrestler and politician

• 1969 Nate Dogg, American rapper (died 2011)

• 1969 Matthew Perry, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (died 2023)

• 1969 Kazuyoshi Tatsunami, Japanese baseball player and coach

• 1969 Clay Walker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1970 Fat Joe, American rapper

• 1971 Mary Joe Fernández, Dominican-American tennis player and coach

• 1971 João Vieira Pinto, Portuguese footballer

• 1972 Roberto Abbondanzieri, Argentinian footballer and manager

• 1972 Chihiro Yonekura, Japanese singer-songwriter

• 1973 Marco Materazzi, Italian footballer and manager

• 1973 Roy Rogers, American basketball player and coach

• 1973 Tasma Walton, Australian actress

• 1975 Tracie Thoms, American actress

• 1976 Régine Chassagne, Canadian singer-songwriter

• 1977 Iban Mayo, Spanish cyclist

• 1978 Jakub Dvorský, Czech game designer

• 1978 Thomas Jones, American football player

• 1979 Oumar Kondé, Swiss footballer

• 1980 Darius Campbell, Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (died 2022)

• 1980 Craig Frawley, Australian rugby league player

• 1980 Jun Jin, South Korean singer

• 1980 Paul Parry, Welsh footballer

• 1981 Nick Kennedy, English rugby player

• 1981 Taylor Pyatt, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1982 Erika Christensen, American actress

• 1982 Melissa Fumero, American actress

• 1982 Kevin Rans, Belgian pole vaulter

• 1982 Stipe Miocic, American professional mixed martial artist

• 1982 Steve Ott, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1983 Missy Higgins, Australian singer-songwriter

• 1983 Tammin Sursok, South African-Australian actress and singer

• 1984 Simon Bird, English actor and screenwriter

• 1984 Alessandro Matri, Italian footballer

• 1984 Ryan Taylor, English footballer

• 1985 Lindsey Jacobellis, American snowboarder

• 1986 Sotiris Balafas, Greek footballer

• 1986 Saori Kimura, Japanese volleyball player

• 1986 Christina Perri, American singer and songwriter

• 1987 Patrick Chung, Jamaican-American football player

• 1987  – Manny Jacinto, Canadian actor

• 1987 Nick Driebergen, Dutch swimmer

• 1987 Nico Hülkenberg, German racing driver

• 1988 Kirk Cousins, American football player

• 1988 Veronica Roth, American author

• 1989 Romeo Miller, American basketball player, rapper, actor

• 1991 Salem Al-Dawsari, Saudi Arabian footballer

• 1992 David Rittich, Czech ice hockey player

• 1993 Pio Seci, Fijian rugby league player

• 1994 Nafissatou Thiam, Belgian pentathlete and heptathlete

• 1994 Fernando Gaviria, Colombian cyclist

• 1996 Jung Ye-rin, South Korean singer and actress

• 1996 Lachlan Lewis, Australian rugby league player

• 1999 Ethan Cutkosky, American actor and musician

• 1999 Thomas Flegler, Australian rugby league player

• 1999 Florentino Luís, Portuguese footballer

• 2000 Keegan Murray, American basketball player

• 2001 Awak Kuier, Finnish basketball player

• 2004 Chae Hyun-woo, South Korean football player

• 2004 Nguyễn Đình Bắc, Vietnamese football player

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 607 BC Duke Ling of Jin, Chinese monarch

• AD 14 Augustus, Roman emperor (born 63 BC)

• 780 Credan, English abbot and saint

• 947 Abu Yazid, Kharijite rebel leader (born 873)

• 998 Fujiwara no Sukemasa, Japanese noble, statesman and calligrapher (born 944)

• 1072 Hawise, Duchess of Brittany (born 1037)

• 1085 Al-Juwayni, Muslim scholar and imam (born 1028)

• 1186 Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (born 1158)

• 1245 Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence (born 1195)

• 1284 Alphonso, Earl of Chester (born 1273)

• 1297 Louis of Toulouse, French bishop and saint (born 1274)

• 1457 Andrea del Castagno, Italian painter (born 1421)

• 1470 Richard Olivier de Longueil, French cardinal (born 1406)

• 1493 Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1415)

• 1506 King Alexander Jagiellon of Poland (born 1461)

• 1541 Vincenzo Cappello, Venetian admiral and statesman (born 1469)

• 1580 Andrea Palladio, Italian architect, designed the Church of San Giorgio Maggiore and Il Redentore (born 1508)

1601–1900

• 1646 Alexander Henderson, Scottish theologian and academic (born 1583)

• 1654 Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller, Bohemian rabbi (born 1579)

• 1662 Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (born 1623)

• 1680 Jean Eudes, French priest, founded the Congregation of Jesus and Mary (born 1601)

• 1691 Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha, Ottoman commander and politician, 117th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (born 1637)

• 1702 Anthony Grey, 11th Earl of Kent, English politician (born 1645)

• 1753 Johann Balthasar Neumann, German engineer and architect, designed Basilica of the Fourteen Holy Helpers (born 1687)

• 1808 Fredrik Henrik af Chapman, Swedish admiral and shipbuilder (born 1721)

• 1822 Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre, French mathematician and astronomer (born 1749)

• 1883 Jeremiah S. Black, American lawyer and politician, 24th United States Attorney General (born 1810)

• 1889 Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French author, poet, and playwright (born 1838)

• 1895 John Wesley Hardin, American Old West outlaw, gunfighter (born 1853)

• 1900 Jean-Baptiste Accolay, Belgian violinist, composer, and conductor (born 1833)

1901–present

• 1914 Franz Xavier Wernz, German religious leader, 25th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (born 1844)

• 1915 Tevfik Fikret, Turkish poet and educator (born 1867)

• 1923 Vilfredo Pareto, Italian sociologist and economist (born 1845)

• 1928 Stefanos Skouloudis, Greek banker and diplomat, 97th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1838)

• 1929 Sergei Diaghilev, Russian critic and producer, founded Ballets Russes (born 1872)

• 1932 Louis Anquetin, French painter (born 1861)

• 1936 Federico García Lorca, Spanish poet, playwright, and director (born 1898)

• 1942 Harald Kaarmann, Estonian footballer (born 1901)

• 1942 Heinrich Rauchinger, Kraków-born painter (born 1858)

• 1944 Henry Wood, English conductor (born 1869)

• 1945 Tomás Burgos, Chilean philanthropist (born 1875)

• 1950 Giovanni Giorgi, Italian physicist and engineer (born 1871)

• 1954 Alcide De Gasperi, Italian journalist and politician, 30th Prime Minister of Italy (born 1881)

• 1957 David Bomberg, English soldier and painter (born 1890)

• 1967 Hugo Gernsback, Luxembourg-born American author and publisher (born 1884)

• 1967 Isaac Deutscher, Polish-English journalist and historian (born 1907)

• 1968 George Gamow, Ukrainian-American physicist and cosmologist (born 1904)

• 1970 Paweł Jasienica, Polish soldier and historian (born 1909)

• 1975 Mark Donohue, American race car driver and engineer (born 1937)

• 1976 Alastair Sim, Scottish-English actor (born 1900)

• 1976 Ken Wadsworth, New Zealand cricketer (born 1946)

• 1977 Aleksander Kreek, Estonian shot putter and discus thrower (born 1914)

• 1977 Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (born 1890)

• 1980 Otto Frank, German-Swiss businessman, father of Anne Frank (born 1889)

• 1981 Jessie Matthews, English actress, singer, and dancer (born 1907)

• 1982 August Neo, Estonian wrestler (born 1908)

• 1986 Hermione Baddeley, English actress (born 1906)

• 1986 Viv Thicknesse, Australian rugby player (born 1910)

• 1993 Utpal Dutt, Bangladeshi actor, director, and playwright (born 1929)

• 1994 Linus Pauling, American chemist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1901)

• 1995 Pierre Schaeffer, French composer and musicologist (born 1910)

• 2000 Bineshwar Brahma, Indian poet, author, and educator (born 1948)

• 2001 Donald Woods, South African journalist and activist (born 1933)

• 2003 Carlos Roberto Reina, Honduran lawyer and politician, President of Honduras (born 1926)

• 2003 Sérgio Vieira de Mello, Brazilian diplomat (born 1948)

• 2005 Mo Mowlam, English academic and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (born 1949)

• 2008 Levy Mwanawasa, Zambian lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Zambia (born 1948)

• 2009 Don Hewitt, American television producer, created 60 Minutes (born 1922)

• 2011 Raúl Ruiz, Chilean director and producer (born 1941)

• 2012 Donal Henahan, American journalist and critic (born 1921)

• 2012 Ivar Iversen, Norwegian canoe racer (born 1914)

• 2012 Tony Scott, English-American director and producer (born 1944)

• 2013 Musa'id bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi Arabian prince (born 1923)

• 2013 Abdul Rahim Hatif, Afghan politician, 8th President of Afghanistan (born 1926)

• 2013 Donna Hightower, American singer-songwriter (born 1926)

• 2014 Samih al-Qasim, Palestinian poet and journalist (born 1939)

• 2014 Simin Behbahani, Iranian poet and activist (born 1927)

• 2014 Candida Lycett Green, Anglo-Irish journalist and author (born 1942)

• 2015 Sanat Mehta, Indian activist and politician (born 1935)

• 2017 Brian Aldiss, British novelist (born 1925)

• 2017 Dick Gregory, American comedian, author and activist (born 1932)

• 2019 Lars Larsen, Danish businessman and billionaire, founder and owner of the Danish retail chain JYSK (born 1948)

• 2021 Sonny Chiba, Japanese actor (born 1939)

• 2022 Tekla Juniewicz, Polish supercentenarian (born 1906)

• 2023 Václav Patejdl, Slovak musician (born 1954)

• 2024 Maria Branyas, American-Spanish supercentenarian (born 1907)

Holidays and observances

• Afghan Independence Day, commemorates the Treaty of Rawalpindi in 1919, granting independence from Britain (Afghanistan)

• August Revolution Commemoration Day (Vietnam)

• Birthday of Crown Princess Mette-Marit (Norway)

Christian Feast Day:

• Bertulf of Bobbio

• Saint Calminius

• Ezequiél Moreno y Díaz

Feast of the Transfiguration (Julian calendar), and its related observances:

• Buhe (Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church)

• Saviour's Transfiguration, popularly known as the "Apples Feast" (Russian Orthodox Church and Georgian Orthodox Church)

• Jean-Eudes de Mézeray

• Louis of Toulouse

• Maginus

• Magnus of Anagni

• Magnus of Avignon

• Sebaldus

• August 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Manuel Luis Quezón Day (Quezon City and other places in the Philippines named after Manuel L. Quezon)

• National Aviation Day (United States)

• World Humanitarian Day

References

External links