Events

Pre-1600

• AD 14 Agrippa Postumus, maternal grandson of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is executed by his guards while in exile.

• 636 Battle of the Yarmuk: Marking the first great wave of Muslim conquests and the rapid advance of Islam outside Arabia, Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid defeat the Byzantine Empire and take control of the Levant.

• 917 Battle of Acheloos: Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria decisively defeats a Byzantine army.

• 1057 An army under Isaac I Komnenos defeat forces loyal to rival emperor Michael VI Bringas in the battle of Hades.

• 1083 The first King of Hungary, Stephen I, and his son, Prince Emeric, are canonized, a date now celebrated as a National Day in Hungary.

• 1119 King Henry I of England defeats king Louis VI of France in the battle of Brémule.

• 1191 Believing Saladin had reneged on ransom promises, Richard I of England initiates the massacre at Ayyadieh, beheading 2,700 captive Muslim soldiers and another 300 women and children seized at the Fall of Acre.

• 1308 At the conclusion of the interrogation of the leaders of the Knights Templar, the three papal investigators, Cardinals Bérenger Frédol, Etienne de Suisy and Landolfo Brancacci, write the "Chinon Parchment", in which they affirm that the accused Templars had confessed, done penance, and were absolved of heresy.

• 1467 The Second Battle of Olmedo takes places as part of a succession conflict between Henry IV of Castile and his half-brother Alfonso, Prince of Asturias.

• 1519 On the third day of battle, philosopher and general Wang Yangming defeats Zhu Chenhao, ending the Prince of Ning rebellion against the reign of the Ming dynasty's Zhengde Emperor.

1601–1900

• 1648 The Battle of Lens is the last major military confrontation of the Thirty Years' War, contributing to the signing of the Peace of Westphalia in October that year.

• 1672 Former Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt and his brother Cornelis are lynched by a mob in The Hague.

• 1707 The first Siege of Pensacola comes to an end with the failure of the British to capture Pensacola, Florida.

• 1710 War of the Spanish Succession: A multinational army led by the Austrian commander Guido Starhemberg defeats the Spanish-Bourbon army commanded by Alexandre Maître, Marquis de Bay in the Battle of Saragossa.

• 1775 The Spanish establish the Presidio San Augustin del Tucson in the town that became Tucson, Arizona.

• 1794 Northwest Indian War: United States troops force a confederacy of Shawnee, Mingo, Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawatomi warriors into a disorganized retreat at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.

• 1852 Steamboat Atlantic sinks on Lake Erie after a collision, with the loss of at least 150 lives.

• 1858 Charles Darwin first publishes his theory of evolution through natural selection in The Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, alongside Alfred Russel Wallace's same theory.

• 1864 Bakumatsu: Kinmon incident: The Chōshū Domain attempts to expel the Satsuma and Aizu Domains from Japan's imperial court.

• 1866 President Andrew Johnson formally declares the American Civil War over.

• 1882 Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow, Russia.

1901–present

• 1905 Sun Yat-sen, Song Jiaoren, and others establish the Tongmenghui, a Republican, anti-Qing revolutionary organisation, in Tokyo, Japan.

• 1910 Extreme fire weather in the Inland Northwest of the United States causes many small wildfires to coalesce into the Great Fire of 1910, burning approximately and killing 87 people.

• 1914 World War I: Brussels is captured during the German invasion of Belgium.

• 1920 The first commercial radio station, 8MK (now WWJ), begins operations in Detroit.

• 1920 The National Football League is organized as the American Professional Football Conference in Canton, Ohio.

• 1926 Japan's public broadcasting company, Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK) is established.

• 1940 In Mexico City, exiled Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky is fatally wounded with an ice axe by Ramón Mercader. He dies the next day.

• 1940 World War II: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill makes the fourth of his famous wartime speeches, containing the line "Never was so much owed by so many to so few".

• 1940 World War II: The Eighth Route Army launches the Hundred Regiments Offensive, a successful campaign to disrupt Japanese war infrastructure and logistics in occupied northern China.

• 1944 World War II: One hundred sixty-eight captured allied airmen, including Phil Lamason, accused by the Gestapo of being "terror fliers", arrive at Buchenwald concentration camp.

• 1944 World War II: The Battle of Romania begins with a major Soviet Union offensive.

• 1948 Soviet Consul General in New York, Jacob M. Lomakin is expelled by the United States, due to the Kasenkina Case.

• 1949 Hungary adopts the Hungarian Constitution of 1949 and becomes a People's Republic.

• 1955 Battle of Philippeville: In Algeria, a force of Berbers from the Atlas Mountains region of Algeria raid two rural settlements and kill 77 French nationals.

• 1960 Senegal breaks from the Mali Federation, declaring its independence.

• 1962 The NS Savannah, the world's first nuclear-powered civilian ship, embarks on its maiden voyage.

• 1968 Cold War: Warsaw Pact troops invade Czechoslovakia, crushing the Prague Spring. East German participation is limited to a few specialists due to memories of the recent war. Only Albania and Romania refuse to participate.

• 1975 Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars.

• 1975 ČSA Flight 540 crashes on approach to Damascus International Airport in Damascus, Syria, killing 126 people.

• 1977 Voyager program: NASA launches the Voyager 2 spacecraft.

• 1986 In Edmond, Oklahoma, U.S. Postal employee Patrick Sherrill shoots and kills 14 of his co-workers and then commits suicide.

• 1988 "Black Saturday" of the Yellowstone fire in Yellowstone National Park.

• 1988 Iran–Iraq War: A ceasefire is agreed after almost eight years of war.

• 1988 The Troubles: Eight British soldiers are killed and 28 wounded when their bus is hit by an IRA roadside bomb in Ballygawley, County Tyrone.

• 1989 The pleasure boat Marchioness sinks on the River Thames following a collision. Fifty-one people are killed.

• 1991 Dissolution of the Soviet Union, August Coup: More than 100,000 people rally outside the Soviet Union's parliament building protesting the coup aiming to depose President Mikhail Gorbachev.

• 1991 Estonia, occupied by and incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1940, issues a decision on the re-establishment of independence on the basis of legal continuity of its pre-occupation statehood.

• 1992 In India, Meitei language (officially known as Manipuri language) is included in the scheduled languages' list and made one of the official languages of the Indian Government.

• 1995 The Firozabad rail disaster kills 358 people in Firozabad, India.

• 1997 Souhane massacre in Algeria; over 60 people are killed and 15 kidnapped.

• 1998 The Supreme Court of Canada rules that Quebec cannot legally secede from Canada without the federal government's approval.

• 1998 U.S. embassy bombings: The United States launches cruise missile attacks against alleged al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan and a suspected chemical weapons plant in Sudan in retaliation for the August 7 bombings of American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.

• 2002 A group of Iraqis opposed to the regime of Saddam Hussein take over the Iraqi embassy in Berlin, Germany for five hours before releasing their hostages and surrendering.

• 2006 Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil politician and former MP S. Sivamaharajah is shot dead at his home in Tellippalai.

• 2007 China Airlines Flight 120 catches fire and explodes after landing at Naha Airport in Okinawa, Japan.

• 2008 Spanair Flight 5022, from Madrid, Spain to Gran Canaria, skids off the runway and crashes at Barajas Airport. Of the 172 people on board, 146 die immediately, and eight more later die of injuries sustained in the crash.

• 2011 First Air Flight 6560 crashes from the Resolute Bay runway, killing 12 of the 15 aboard.

• 2012 A prison riot in the Venezuelan capital, Caracas, kills at least 20 people.

• 2014 Seventy-two people are killed in Japan's Hiroshima Prefecture by a series of landslides caused by a month's worth of rain that fell in one day.

• 2016 Fifty-four people are killed when a suicide bomber detonates himself at a Kurdish wedding party in Gaziantep, Turkey.

• 2020 Joe Biden gives his acceptance speech virtually for the 2020 Democratic presidential nomination at the 2020 Democratic National Convention.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1377 Shahrukh Mirza, ruler of Persia and Transoxiania (died 1447)

• 1517 Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle, French cardinal and art collector (died 1586)

• 1561 Jacopo Peri, Italian singer and composer (died 1633)

1601–1900

• 1625 Thomas Corneille, French playwright and philologist (died 1709)

• 1632 Louis Bourdaloue, French preacher and academic (died 1704)

• 1659 Henry Every, English pirate (died 1696)

• 1710 Thomas Simpson, English mathematician and academic (died 1761)

• 1719 Christian Mayer, Czech astronomer and educator (died 1783)

• 1720 Bernard de Bury, French harpsichord player and composer (died 1785)

• 1778 Bernardo O'Higgins, Chilean general and politician, 2nd Supreme Director of Chile (died 1842)

• 1779 Jöns Jacob Berzelius, Swedish chemist and academic (died 1848)

• 1785 Oliver Hazard Perry, American Naval hero (died 1819)

• 1799 James Prinsep, English orientalist and scholar (died 1840)

• 1833 Benjamin Harrison, American general, lawyer, and politician, 23rd President of the United States (died 1901)

• 1845 Albert Chmielowski, Polish saint, founded the Albertine Brothers (died 1916)

• 1847 Andrew Greenwood, English cricketer (died 1889)

• 1847 Bolesław Prus, Polish journalist and author (died 1912)

• 1856 Jakub Bart-Ćišinski, German poet and playwright (died 1909)

• 1857 George Griffith, British writer (died 1906)

• 1860 Raymond Poincaré, French lawyer and politician, 10th President of France (died 1934)

• 1865 Bernard Tancred, South African cricketer and lawyer (died 1911)

• 1868 Ellen Roosevelt, American tennis player (died 1954)

• 1873 Eliel Saarinen, Finnish architect and academic, co-designed the National Museum of Finland (died 1950)

• 1881 Edgar Guest, English-American poet and author (died 1959)

• 1881 Aleksander Hellat, Estonian politician, 6th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (died 1943)

• 1884 Rudolf Bultmann, German Lutheran theologian and professor of New Testament at the University of Marburg (died 1976)

• 1885 Dino Campana, Italian poet and author (died 1932)

• 1886 Paul Tillich, German-American philosopher and theologian (died 1965)

• 1887 Phan Khôi, Vietnamese journalist and scholar (died 1959)

• 1888 Tôn Đức Thắng, Vietnamese politician, 2nd President of Vietnam (died 1980)

• 1890 H. P. Lovecraft, American short story writer, editor, novelist (died 1937)

• 1896 Gostha Pal, Indian footballer (died 1976)

• 1897 Tarjei Vesaas, Norwegian author and poet (died 1970)

• 1898 Leopold Infeld, Polish nuclear physicist, writer (died 1968)

• 1898 Vilhelm Moberg, Swedish historian, journalist, author, and playwright (died 1973)

1901–present

• 1901 Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian novelist and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1968)

• 1905 Jean Gebser, German linguist, poet, and philosopher (died 1973)

• 1905 Mikio Naruse, Japanese director and screenwriter (died 1969)

• 1905 Jack Teagarden, American singer-songwriter and trombonist (died 1964)

• 1906 Vidrik Rootare, Estonian chess player (died 1981)

• 1908 Al López, American baseball player and manager (died 2005)

• 1909 André Morell, English actor (died 1978)

• 1909 Alby Roberts, New Zealand cricketer and rugby player (died 1978)

• 1910 Eero Saarinen, Finnish-American architect and furniture designer, designed the Gateway Arch (died 1961)

• 1913 Roger Wolcott Sperry, American neuropsychologist and neurobiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1994)

• 1915 Ivo Rojnica, Croatian-Argentine war crimes suspect, businessman, diplomat, and intelligence agent (died 2007)

• 1916 Paul Felix Schmidt, EstonianGerman chess player and chemist (died 1984)

• 1917 Terry Sanford, 65th governor of North Carolina (died 1998)

• 1918 Jacqueline Susann, American actress and author (died 1974)

• 1919 Walter Bernstein, American screenwriter and producer (died 2021)

• 1919 Adamantios Androutsopoulos, Greek lawyer, educator and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (died 2000)

• 1920 H. R. Van Dongen, American illustrator (died 2010)

• 1921 Keith Froome, Australian rugby league player (died 1978)

• 1921 Jack Wilson, Australian cricketer (died 1985)

• 1923 Jim Reeves, American singer-songwriter (died 1964)

• 1926 Frank Rosolino, American jazz trombonist (died 1978)

• 1927 Yootha Joyce, English actress (died 1980)

• 1927 Fred Kavli, Norwegian-American businessman and philanthropist, founded The Kavli Foundation (died 2013)

• 1929 Kevin Heffernan, Irish footballer and manager (died 2013)

• 1930 Mario Bernardi, Canadian pianist and conductor (died 2013)

• 1930 Peter Randall, English sergeant and recipient of the George Cross (died 2007)

• 1931 Don King, American boxing promoter

• 1932 Anthony Ainley, English actor (died 2004)

• 1932 Vasily Aksyonov, Russian physician, author, and academic (died 2009)

• 1933 Ted Donaldson, American actor (died 2023)

• 1933 George J. Mitchell, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician

• 1935 Ron Paul, American captain, physician, and politician

• 1936 Hideki Shirakawa, Japanese chemist, engineer, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate

• 1937 Stelvio Cipriani, Italian composer (died 2018)

• 1937 Andrei Konchalovsky, Russian director, producer, and screenwriter

• 1938 Jean-Loup Chrétien, French military officer and astronaut

• 1939 Fernando Poe Jr., Filipino actor and politician (died 2004)

• 1940 Rubén Hinojosa, American businessman and politician

• 1941 Dame Anne Evans, English soprano and actress

• 1941 Slobodan Milošević, Serbian lawyer and politician, 1st President of Serbia (died 2006)

• 1942 Isaac Hayes, American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor (died 2008)

• 1943 Sylvester McCoy, Scottish actor

• 1944 Rajiv Gandhi, Indian lawyer and politician, 6th Prime Minister of India (died 1991)

• 1944 José Wilker, Brazilian actor and director (died 2014)

• 1946 Mufaddal Saifuddin, 53rd Da'i al-Mutlaq of Fatimid Caliphate

• 1946 Henryk Broder, Polish-German journalist and author

• 1946 Connie Chung, American journalist

• 1946 Laurent Fabius, French politician, 158th Prime Minister of France

• 1946 Ralf Hütter, German singer and keyboard player

• 1946 N. R. Narayana Murthy, Indian businessman, co-founded Infosys

• 1947 Larry Kudlow, American conservative news analyst, economist, and journalist

• 1947 Alan Lee, English painter and illustrator

• 1947 James Pankow, American musician

• 1947 Ray Wise, American actor

• 1948 John Noble, Australian actor and director

• 1948 Robert Plant, English singer-songwriter

• 1949 Nikolas Asimos, Greek singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1988)

• 1949 Phil Lynott, Irish singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (died 1986)

• 1951 Greg Bear, American author (died 2022)

• 1952 Doug Fieger, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2010)

• 1952 John Hiatt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1953 Peter Horton, American actor and director

• 1954 Quinn Buckner, American basketball player and coach

• 1954 Al Roker, American news anchor, television personality, and author

• 1955 Agnes Chan, Hong Kong singer and author

• 1956 Joan Allen, American actress

• 1956 Alvin Greenidge, Barbadian cricketer

• 1957 Simon Donaldson, English mathematician and academic

• 1957 Cindy Nicholas, Canadian swimmer (died 2016)

• 1958 Patricia Rozema, Canadian director and screenwriter

• 1958 David O. Russell, American director and screenwriter

• 1960 Dom Duff, Breton singer-songwriter, guitarist, composer

• 1960 Sally Yates, American lawyer and former Acting Attorney General

• 1962 James Marsters, American actor

• 1963 Uwe Bialon, German footballer and manager

• 1964 Azarias Ruberwa, Congolese lawyer and politician, Vice-President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

• 1965 KRS-One, American rapper and producer

• 1966 Miguel Albaladejo, Spanish director and screenwriter

• 1966 Colin Cunningham, American actor

• 1966 Dimebag Darrell, American guitarist and songwriter (died 2004)

• 1966 Enrico Letta, Italian lawyer and politician, 55th Prime Minister of Italy

• 1966 Liu Chunyan, Chinese host and voice actress

• 1968 Abdelatif Benazzi, Moroccan-French rugby player

• 1968 Sandy Brondello, Australian basketball player and coach

• 1968 Klas Ingesson, Swedish footballer and manager (died 2014)

• 1969 Billy Gardell, American comedian, actor, and producer

• 1969 Santeri Kinnunen, Finnish actor

• 1970 Els Callens, Belgian tennis player and sportscaster

• 1970 Fred Durst, American singer-songwriter

• 1971 Nenad Bjelica, Croatian footballer and manager

• 1971 Ke Huy Quan, Vietnamese-American actor

• 1971 Steve Stone, English footballer and coach

• 1971 David Walliams, English comedian, actor, and author

• 1972 Derrick Alston, American basketball player

• 1972 Scott Quinnell, Welsh rugby player and sportscaster

• 1972 Anna Umemiya, Japanese model and actress

• 1973 Alban Bushi, Albanian footballer

• 1973 Alexandre Finazzi, Brazilian footballer

• 1973 Scott Goodman, Australian swimmer

• 1973 Cameron Mather, New Zealand rugby player and sportscaster

• 1974 Amy Adams, American actress

• 1974 Misha Collins, American actor

• 1974 Szabolcs Sáfár, Hungarian footballer and coach

• 1974 Maxim Vengerov, Russian-Israeli violinist and conductor

• 1975 Marcin Adamski, Polish footballer and manager

• 1975 Marko Martin, Estonian pianist and educator

• 1976 Chris Drury, American ice hockey player

• 1976 Cornel Frăsineanu, Romanian footballer

• 1976 Tony Grant, Irish footballer

• 1976 Kristen Miller, American actress, producer, and screenwriter

• 1976 Fabio Ulloa, Honduran footballer

• 1977 Paolo Bianco, Italian footballer

• 1977 Wayne Brown, English footballer

• 1977 Felipe Contepomi, Argentine rugby player, coach, and physician

• 1977 Manuel Contepomi, Argentine rugby player

• 1977 Stéphane Gillet, Luxembourgish footballer

• 1977 Aaron Hamill, Australian footballer and coach

• 1977 Ívar Ingimarsson, Icelandic footballer

• 1977 James Ormond, English cricketer

• 1977 Josh Pearce, American baseball player

• 1977 Aaron Taylor, American baseball player

• 1978 Alberto Martín, Spanish tennis player

• 1978 Emir Mkademi, Tunisian footballer

• 1978 Chris Schroder, American baseball player

• 1979 Sarah Borwell, English tennis player

• 1979 Jamie Cullum, English singer-songwriter and pianist

• 1979 Cory Sullivan, American baseball player

• 1981 Ben Barnes, English actor

• 1981 Brett Finch, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster

• 1981 Artur Kotenko, Estonian footballer

• 1981 Bernard Mendy, French footballer

• 1981 Craig Ochs, American football player

• 1981 Byron Saxton, American wrestler, manager, and sportscaster

• 1982 Cléber Luis Alberti, Brazilian footballer

• 1982 Aleksandr Amisulashvili, Georgian footballer

• 1982 Monty Dumond, South African rugby player

• 1982 Youssouf Hersi, Ethiopian footballer

• 1982 Joshua Kennedy, Australian footballer

• 1982 Mijaín López, Cuban wrestler

• 1982 Meghan Ory, Canadian actress

• 1982 Richard Petiot, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1982 Barney Rogers, Zimbabwean cricketer

• 1982 Enyelbert Soto, Venezuelan-Japanese baseball player

• 1983 Paulo André Cren Benini, Brazilian footballer

• 1983 Andrew Garfield, American-English actor

• 1983 Héctor Landazuri, Colombian footballer

• 1983 Yuri Zhirkov, Russian footballer

• 1984 Aílton José Almeida, Brazilian footballer

• 1984 Pavel Eismann, Czech footballer

• 1984 Laura Georges, French footballer

• 1984 Ingrid Lukas, Estonian-Swiss singer-songwriter and pianist

• 1985 Brant Daugherty, American actor

• 1985 Thomas Domingo, French rugby player

• 1985 Joe Vitale, American ice hockey player

• 1985 Stephen Ward, Irish footballer

• 1986 Andrew Surman, South African-English footballer

• 1987 Stefan Aigner, German footballer

• 1987 Gunther, Austrian wrestler

• 1987 Vedran Janjetović, Croatian-Australian footballer

• 1987 Sido Jombati, Portuguese footballer

• 1987 Egon Kaur, Estonian race car driver

• 1988 Jerryd Bayless, American basketball player

• 1988 Sarah R, Lotfi, American director, producer, and screenwriter

• 1988 José Zamora, Spanish footballer

• 1989 Kirko Bangz, American rapper and producer

• 1989 Silas Kiplagat, Kenyan runner

• 1989 Slavcho Shokolarov, Bulgarian footballer

• 1989 Judd Trump, English snooker player

• 1989 Dean Winnard, English footballer

• 1990 Macauley Chrisantus, Nigerian footballer

• 1990 Culoe De Song, South African music producer and DJ

• 1990 Leigh Griffiths, Scottish footballer

• 1990 Bradley Klahn, American tennis player

• 1990 Ranomi Kromowidjojo, Dutch swimmer

• 1991 Marko Djokovic, Serbian tennis player

• 1991 Jyrki Jokipakka, Finnish hockey player

• 1991 Cory Joseph, Canadian basketball player

• 1992 Carolina Horta, Brazilian beach volleyball player

• 1992 Demi Lovato, American singer-songwriter and actress

• 1992 Alex Newell, American actor and singer

• 1992 Deniss Rakels, Latvian footballer

• 1992 Callum Skinner, Scottish track cyclist

• 1993 Tonisha Rock-Yaw, Barbadian netball player

• 1994 Mitchell Trubisky, American football player

• 1995 Liana Liberato, American actress

• 1996 Bunty Afoa, New Zealand rugby league player

• 1997 Kaho Minagawa, Japanese rhythmic gymnast

• 1997 Daniel Vladař, Czech ice hockey player

• 1998 Lieke Klaver, Dutch track and field athlete

• 2003 Prince Gabriel of Belgium

Deaths

Pre-1600

• AD 2 Lucius Caesar, Roman son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (born 12 BC)

• AD 14 Agrippa Postumus, Roman son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (born 12 BC)

• 535 Mochta, Irish missionary and saint

• 651 Oswine of Deira

• 768 Eadberht of Northumbria

• 917 Constantine Lips, Byzantine admiral

• 984 Pope John XIV

• 1153 Bernard of Clairvaux, French theologian and saint (born 1090)

• 1158 Rögnvald Kali Kolsson (born 1100), Earl of Orkney and Saint

• 1297 William Fraser, bishop and Guardian of Scotland

• 1348 Laurence Hastings, 1st Earl of Pembroke (born 1319)

• 1384 Geert Groote, Dutch preacher, founded the Brethren of the Common Life (born 1340)

• 1386 Bo Jonsson, royal marshal of Sweden

• 1471 Borso d'Este, Duke of Ferrara (born 1413)

• 1528 Georg von Frundsberg, German knight and landowner (born 1473)

• 1572 Miguel López de Legazpi, Spanish navigator and politician, 1st Governor-General of the Philippines (born 1502)

• 1580 Jerónimo Osório, Portuguese historian and author (born 1506)

1601–1900

• 1611 Tomás Luis de Victoria, Spanish priest and composer (born 1548)

• 1639 Martin Opitz, German poet and hymnwriter (born 1597)

• 1648 Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury, English soldier and diplomat (born 1583)

• 1651 Jeremi Wiśniowiecki, Polish nobleman (born 1612)

• 1672 Cornelis de Witt, Dutch lawyer and politician (born 1623)

• 1672 Johan de Witt, Dutch mathematician and politician (born 1625)

• 1680 William Bedloe, English spy (born 1650)

• 1701 Sir Charles Sedley, 5th Baronet, English playwright and politician (born 1639)

• 1707 Nicolas Gigault, French organist and composer (born 1627)

• 1773 Enrique Flórez, Spanish historian and author (born 1701)

• 1785 Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (born 1714)

• 1823 Pope Pius VII (born 1740)

• 1825 William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock, English admiral and politician, Governor of Newfoundland (born 1753)

• 1835 Agnes Bulmer, English merchant and poet (born 1775)

• 1854 Shiranui Dakuemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 8th Yokozuna (born 1801)

• 1859 Juan Bautista Ceballos, former president of Mexico (born 1811)

• 1882 James Whyte, Scottish-Australian politician, 6th Premier of Tasmania (born 1820)

• 1887 Jules Laforgue, French poet and author (born 1860)

• 1893 Alexander Wassilko von Serecki, Austrian lawyer and politician (born 1827)

• 1897 Charles Lilley, English-Australian politician, 4th Premier of Queensland (born 1827)

1901–present

• 1912 William Booth, English preacher, co-founded The Salvation Army (born 1829)

• 1914 Pope Pius X (born 1835)

• 1915 Paul Ehrlich, German physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1854)

• 1917 Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1835)

• 1919 Greg MacGregor, Scottish cricketer and rugby player (born 1869)

• 1930 Charles Bannerman, Australian cricketer and umpire (born 1851)

• 1936 Edward Weston, English-American chemist (born 1850)

• 1939 Agnes Giberne, Indian-English astronomer and author (born 1845)

• 1942 István Horthy, Hungarian admiral and pilot (born 1904)

• 1943 William Irvine, Irish-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Victoria (born 1858)

• 1949 Ragnhild Kaarbø, Norwegian painter (born 1889)

• 1951 İzzettin Çalışlar, Turkish general (born 1882)

• 1961 Percy Williams Bridgman, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1882)

• 1963 Joan Voûte, Dutch astronomer (born 1879)

• 1965 Jonathan Daniels, American seminarian and civil rights activist (born 1939)

• 1971 Rashid Minhas, Pakistani lieutenant and pilot (born 1951)

• 1976 Vera Lutz, British economist (born 1912)

• 1979 Christian Dotremont, Belgian painter and poet (born 1922)

• 1980 Joe Dassin, American-French singer-songwriter (born 1938)

• 1981 Michael Devine, Irish Republican, died on hunger strike (born 1954)

• 1982 Ulla Jacobsson, Swedish actress (born 1929)

• 1985 Donald O. Hebb, Canadian psychologist and academic (born 1904)

• 1985 Wilhelm Meendsen-Bohlken, German admiral (born 1897)

• 1986 Milton Acorn, Canadian poet and playwright (born 1923)

• 1987 Walenty Kłyszejko, EstonianPolish basketball player and coach (born 1909)

• 1993 Bernard Delfgaauw, Dutch philosopher and academic (born 1912)

• 1995 Hugo Pratt, Italian author and illustrator (born 1927)

• 1996 Rio Reiser, German singer-songwriter (born 1950)

• 1997 Norris Bradbury, American soldier, physicist, and academic (born 1909)

• 1997 Léon Dion, Canadian political scientist and academic (born 1922)

• 1998 Vũ Văn Mẫu, 10th and final Prime Minister of South Vietnam (born 1914)

• 2001 Fred Hoyle, English astronomer and author (born 1915)

• 2001 Kim Stanley, American actress (born 1925)

• 2005 Thomas Herrion, American football player (born 1981)

• 2005 Krzysztof Raczkowski, Polish drummer and songwriter (born 1970)

• 2006 Bryan Budd, Northern Ireland-born English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1977)

• 2006 Joe Rosenthal, American photographer and journalist (born 1911)

• 2006 S. Sivamaharajah, Sri Lankan Tamil newspaper publisher and politician (born 1938)

• 2007 Leona Helmsley, American businesswoman (born 1920)

• 2008 Ed Freeman, American soldier and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1927)

• 2008 Hua Guofeng, Chinese politician, 2nd Premier of the People's Republic of China (born 1921)

• 2008 Stephanie Tubbs Jones, American lawyer and politician (born 1949)

• 2008 Gene Upshaw, American football player (born 1945)

• 2009 Larry Knechtel, American keyboardist and bass player (born 1940)

• 2009 Karla Kuskin, American author and illustrator (born 1932)

• 2010 Đặng Phong, Vietnamese economist and historian (born 1937)

• 2011 Ram Sharan Sharma, Indian historian and academic (born 1919)

• 2012 Phyllis Diller, American actress and comedian (born 1917)

• 2012 Daryl Hine, Canadian-American poet and academic (born 1936)

• 2012 Dom Mintoff, Maltese journalist and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Malta (born 1916)

• 2012 Mika Yamamoto, Japanese journalist (born 1967)

• 2012 Meles Zenawi, Ethiopian soldier and politician, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (born 1955)

• 2013 Sathima Bea Benjamin, South African singer-songwriter (born 1936)

• 2013 Narendra Dabholkar, Indian author and activist (born 1945)

• 2013 Elmore Leonard, American novelist, short story writer, and screenwriter (born 1925)

• 2013 Marian McPartland, English-American pianist and composer (born 1918)

• 2013 Ted Post, American director and screenwriter (born 1918)

• 2014 Anton Buslov, Russian astrophysicist and journalist (born 1983)

• 2014 Lois Mai Chan, Taiwanese-American librarian, author, and academic (born 1934)

• 2014 Boris Dubin, Russian sociologist and academic (born 1946)

• 2014 B. K. S. Iyengar, Indian yoga instructor and author, founded Iyengar Yoga (born 1918)

• 2014 Buddy MacMaster, Canadian singer-songwriter and fiddler (born 1924)

• 2014 Sava Stojkov, Serbian painter and educator (born 1925)

• 2014 Edmund Szoka, American cardinal (born 1927)

• 2015 Egon Bahr, German journalist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany (born 1922)

• 2015 Paul Kibblewhite, New Zealand chemist and engineer (born 1941)

• 2017 Jerry Lewis, American actor and comedian (born 1926)

• 2018 Uri Avnery, Israeli writer, politician and peace activist (born 1923)

• 2018 Jennifer Ramírez Rivero, Venezuelan model (born 1978)

• 2020 - Chi Chi DeVayne, American Drag Queen (born 1985)

• 2021 Igor Vovkovinskiy, Ukrainian-American law student and actor, American tallest person (born 1982)

• 2022 Darya Dugina, Russian journalist (born 1992)

• 2024 Al Attles, American basketball player and coach (born 1936)

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

• Amadour

• Bernard of Clairvaux

• Blessed Georg Häfner

• Heliodorus of Bet Zabdai

• Maria De Mattias

• Oswine of Deira

• Philibert of Jumièges

• Samuel (prophet)

• William and Catherine Booth (Church of England)

• August 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Feast of Asmá’ (Baháʼí Faith, only if Baháʼí Naw-Rúz falls on March 21)

• Indian Akshay Urja Day (India)

• Independence Restoration Day (Estonia), re-declaration of the independence of Estonia from the Soviet Union in 1991.

• Meitei Language Day, also known as Manipuri Language Day, the day on which Meitei (Manipuri) was included in the scheduled languages' list and made one of the official languages of India.

• Revolution of the King and the People (Morocco)

• Saint Stephen's Day (Hungary)

• World Mosquito Day

References

External links