Events

Pre-1600

• 367 Gratian, son of Roman Emperor Valentinian I, is named co-Augustus at the age of eight by his father.

• 394 The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom, the latest known inscription in Egyptian hieroglyphs, is written.

• 410 The Visigoths under King Alaric I begin to pillage Rome.

• 1185 Sack of Thessalonica by the Normans.

• 1200 King John of England, signer of the first Magna Carta, marries Isabella of Angoulême in Angoulême Cathedral.

• 1215 Pope Innocent III issues a bull declaring Magna Carta invalid.

• 1217 An English fleet defeats a French fleet in the battle of Sandwich, cutting off Prince Louis of France from supplies and diminishing his hopes to gain the English throne during the First Barons' War.

• 1349 Six thousand Jews are killed in Mainz after being blamed for the bubonic plague.

• 1482 The town and castle of Berwick-upon-Tweed is captured from Scotland by an English army.

• 1516 The Ottoman Empire under Selim I defeats the Mamluk Sultanate and captures present-day Syria at the Battle of Marj Dabiq.

• 1561 Willem of Orange marries duchess Anna of Saxony.

1601–1900

• 1608 The first official English representative to India lands in Surat.

• 1643 A Dutch fleet establishes a new colony in the ruins of Valdivia in southern Chile.

• 1662 The 1662 Book of Common Prayer is legally enforced as the liturgy of the Church of England, precipitating the Great Ejection of Dissenter ministers from their benefices.

• 1675 A Polish-Lithuanian army under John III Sobieski defeats an Ottoman-Tartar army in the battle of Lwow.

• 1682 William Penn receives the area that is now the state of Delaware, and adds it to his colony of Pennsylvania.

• 1690 Job Charnock of the East India Company establishes a factory in Calcutta, an event formerly considered the founding of the city (in 2003 the Calcutta High Court ruled that the city's foundation date is unknown).

• 1743 The War of the Hats: The Swedish army surrenders to the Russians in Helsinki, ending the war and starting Lesser Wrath.

• 1781 American Revolutionary War: A small force of Pennsylvania militia is ambushed and overwhelmed by an American Indian group, which forces George Rogers Clark to abandon his attempt to attack Detroit.

• 1789 The first naval battle of the Svensksund begins in the Gulf of Finland.

• 1812 Peninsular War: A coalition of Spanish, British, and Portuguese forces succeed in lifting the two-and-a-half-year-long Siege of Cádiz.

• 1814 British troops capture Washington, D.C. and set the Presidential Mansion, Capitol, Navy Yard and many other public buildings ablaze.

• 1815 The modern Constitution of the Netherlands is signed.

• 1816 The Treaty of St. Louis is signed in St. Louis, Missouri.

• 1820 Constitutionalist insurrection at Oporto, Portugal.

• 1821 The Treaty of Córdoba is signed in Córdoba, now in Veracruz, Mexico, concluding the Mexican War of Independence from Spain.

• 1857 The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.

• 1870 The Wolseley expedition reaches Manitoba to end the Red River Rebellion.

• 1898 Count Muravyov, Foreign Minister of Russia presents a rescript that convoked the First Hague Peace Conference.

1901–present

• 1909 Workers start pouring concrete for the Panama Canal.

• 1911 Manuel de Arriaga is elected and sworn in as the first President of Portugal.

• 1914 World War I: German troops capture Namur.

• 1914 World War I: The Battle of Cer ends as the first Allied victory in the war.

• 1929 Second day of two-day Hebron massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attacks on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, result in the death of 65–68 Jews; the remaining Jews are forced to flee the city.

• 1931 Resignation of the United Kingdom's Second Labour Government. Formation of the UK National Government.

• 1932 Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly across the United States non-stop (from Los Angeles to Newark, New Jersey).

• 1933 The Crescent Limited train derails in Washington, D.C., after the bridge it is crossing is washed out by the 1933 Chesapeake–Potomac hurricane.

• 1936 The Australian Antarctic Territory is created.

• 1937 Spanish Civil War: the Basque Army surrenders to the Italian Corpo Truppe Volontarie following the Santoña Agreement.

• 1937 Spanish Civil War: Sovereign Council of Asturias and León is proclaimed in Gijón.

• 1938 Kweilin incident: A Japanese warplane shoots down the Kweilin, a Chinese civilian airliner, killing 14. It is the first recorded instance of a civilian airliner being shot down.

• 1941 The Holocaust: Adolf Hitler orders the cessation of Nazi Germany's systematic T4 euthanasia program of the mentally ill and the handicapped due to protests, although killings continue for the remainder of the war.

• 1942 World War II: The Battle of the Eastern Solomons. Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūjō is sunk, with the loss of seven officers and 113 crewmen. The US carrier is heavily damaged.

• 1944 World War II: Allied troops begin the attack on Paris.

• 1949 The treaty creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organization goes into effect.

• 1950 Edith Sampson becomes the first black U.S. delegate to the United Nations.

• 1951 United Air Lines Flight 615 crashes near Decoto, California, killing 50 people.

• 1954 The Communist Control Act goes into effect, outlawing the Communist Party in the United States.

• 1954 Vice president João Café Filho takes office as president of Brazil, following the suicide of Getúlio Vargas.

• 1963 Buddhist crisis: As a result of the Xá Lợi Pagoda raids, the US State Department cables the United States Embassy, Saigon to encourage Army of the Republic of Vietnam generals to launch a coup against President Ngô Đình Diệm if he did not remove his brother Ngô Đình Nhu.

• 1967 Led by Abbie Hoffman, the Youth International Party temporarily disrupts trading at the New York Stock Exchange by throwing dollar bills from the viewing gallery, causing trading to cease as brokers scramble to grab them.

• 1970 Vietnam War protesters bomb Sterling Hall at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, leading to an international manhunt for the perpetrators.

• 1981 Mark David Chapman is sentenced to 20 years to life in prison for murdering John Lennon.

• 1989 Colombian drug barons declare "total war" on the Colombian government.

• 1989 Tadeusz Mazowiecki is chosen as the first non-communist prime minister in Central and Eastern Europe.

• 1991 Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as head of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

• 1991 Ukraine declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.

• 1992 Hurricane Andrew makes landfall in Homestead, Florida as a Category 5 hurricane, causing up to $25billion (1992 USD) in damages.

• 1995 Microsoft releases Windows 95 to the public in North America.

• 1998 First radio-frequency identification (RFID) human implantation tested in the United Kingdom.

• 2001 Air Transat Flight 236 loses all engine power over the Atlantic Ocean, forcing the pilots to conduct an emergency landing in the Azores.

• 2004 Ninety passengers die after two airliners explode after flying out of Domodedovo International Airport, near Moscow. The explosions are caused by suicide bombers from Chechnya.

• 2006 The International Astronomical Union (IAU) redefines the term "planet" such that Pluto is now considered a dwarf planet.

• 2008 Sixty-five passengers are killed when Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 6895 crashes during an emergency landing at Manas International Airport in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

• 2008 A Cessna 208 Caravan crashes in Cabañas, Zacapa, Guatemala, killing 11 people.

• 2010 In San Fernando, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 72 illegal immigrants are killed by Los Zetas and eventually found dead by Mexican authorities.

• 2010 Henan Airlines Flight 8387 crashes at Yichun Lindu Airport in Yichun, Heilongjiang, China, killing 44 out of the 96 people on board.

• 2010 Agni Air Flight 101 crashes near Shikharpur, Makwanpur, Nepal, killing all 14 people on board.

• 2012 Anders Behring Breivik, perpetrator of the 2011 Norway attacks, is sentenced to 21 years of preventive detention.

• 2014 A magnitude 6.0 earthquake strikes the San Francisco Bay Area; it is the largest in that area since 1989.

• 2016 An earthquake strikes Central Italy with a magnitude of 6.2, with aftershocks felt as far as Rome and Florence. Around 300 people are killed.

• 2016 Proxima Centauri b, the closest exoplanet to Earth, is discovered by the European Southern Observatory.

• 2017 The National Space Agency of Taiwan successfully launches the observation satellite Formosat-5 into space.

• 2020 Erin O'Toole is elected leader of the Conservative Party of Canada.

• 2023 Japan officially begins discharging treated radioactive water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean, sparking international concerns and condemnation.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1016 Fujiwara no Genshi, Japanese empress consort (died 1039)

• 1113 Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou (died 1151)

• 1198 Alexander II of Scotland (died 1249)

• 1358 John I of Castile (died 1390)

• 1393 Arthur III, Duke of Brittany (died 1458)

• 1423 Thomas Rotherham, English cleric (died 1500)

• 1498 John, Hereditary Prince of Saxony (died 1537)

• 1510 Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen (died 1558)

• 1552 Lavinia Fontana, Italian painter and educator (died 1614)

• 1556 Sophia Brahe, Danish horticulturalist and astronomer (died 1643)

• 1561 Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (died 1626)

• 1578 John Taylor, English poet and author (died 1653)

• 1591 Robert Herrick, English poet and cleric (died 1674)

1601–1900

• 1631 Philip Henry, English minister (died 1696)

• 1635 Peder Griffenfeld, Danish lawyer and politician (died 1699)

• 1684 Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet, British politician (died 1746)

• 1714 Alaungpaya, Burmese king (died 1760)

• 1758 Duchess Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (died 1794)

• 1759 William Wilberforce, English philanthropist and politician (died 1833)

• 1772 William I of the Netherlands (died 1840)

• 1787 James Weddell, Belgian-English sailor, hunter, and explorer (died 1834)

• 1816 Daniel Gooch, English engineer, laid 1st successful transatlantic cables (died 1889)

• 1824 Antonio Stoppani, Italian geologist and scholar (died 1891)

• 1837 Théodore Dubois, French organist, composer, and educator (died 1924)

• 1843 Boyd Dunlop Morehead, Australian politician, 10th Premier of Queensland (died 1905)

• 1845 James Calhoun, American lieutenant (died 1876)

• 1851 Tom Kendall, Australian cricketer and journalist (died 1924)

• 1852 Agnes Marshall, English culinary entrepreneur, inventor, and celebrity chef (died 1905)

• 1860 David Bowman, Australian lawyer and politician (died 1916)

• 1862 Zonia Baber, American geographer and geologist (died 1956)

• 1863 Dragutin Lerman, Croatian explorer (died 1918)

• 1865 Ferdinand I of Romania (died 1927)

• 1872 Max Beerbohm, English essayist, parodist, and caricaturist (died 1956)

• 1884 Earl Derr Biggers, American author and playwright (died 1933)

• 1887 Harry Hooper, American baseball player (died 1974)

• 1888 Valentine Baker, Welsh co-founder of the Martin-Baker Aircraft Company (died 1942)

• 1890 Duke Kahanamoku, American swimmer, actor, and surfer (died 1968)

• 1890 Jean Rhys, Dominican-British novelist (died 1979)

• 1893 Haim Ernst Wertheimer, German-Israeli biochemist and academic (died 1978)

• 1895 Richard Cushing, American cardinal (died 1970)

• 1897 Fred Rose, American pianist, songwriter, and publisher (died 1954)

• 1898 Malcolm Cowley, American novelist, poet, literary critic (died 1989)

• 1899 Jorge Luis Borges, Argentine short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator (died 1986)

• 1899 Albert Claude, Belgian biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1983)

• 1900 Preston Foster, American actor (died 1970)

1901–present

• 1902 Fernand Braudel, French historian and academic (died 1985)

• 1902 Carlo Gambino, Italian-American mob boss (died 1976)

• 1903 Karl Hanke, German businessman and politician (died 1945)

• 1903 Mohammad Yamin, Indonesian poet, revolutionary, and politician (died 1962)

• 1904 Ida Cook, English campaigner for Jewish refugees, and romantic novelist as Mary Burchell (died 1986)

• 1905 Arthur "Big Boy" Crudup, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1974)

• 1905 Siaka Stevens, Sierra Leonean police officer and politician, 1st President of Sierra Leone (died 1988)

• 1907 Bruno Giacometti, Swiss architect, designed the Hallenstadion (died 2012)

• 1908 Shivaram Rajguru, Indian activist (died 1931)

• 1909 Ronnie Grieveson, South African cricketer and soldier (died 1998)

• 1913 Charles Snead Houston, American physician and mountaineer (died 2009)

• 1915 Wynonie Harris, American singer and guitarist (died 1969)

• 1915 James Tiptree Jr. (Alice Bradley Sheldon), American psychologist and science fiction author (died 1987)

• 1916 Anita Figueredo, American physician and humanitarian (died 2010)

• 1918 Sikander Bakht, Indian field hockey player and politician, Indian Minister of External Affairs (died 2004)

• 1919 Tosia Altman, member of the Polish resistance in World War II (died 1943)

• 1919 J. Gordon Edwards, American entomologist, mountaineer, and DDT advocate (died 2004)

• 1919 Enrique Llanes, Mexican wrestler (died 2004)

• 1919 Niels Viggo Bentzon, Danish composer and pianist (died 2000)

• 1920 Alex Colville, Canadian painter and academic (died 2013)

• 1921 Eric Simms, English ornithologist and conservationist (died 2009)

• 1922 René Lévesque, Canadian journalist and politician, 23rd Premier of Quebec (died 1987)

• 1922 Howard Zinn, American historian, author, and activist (died 2010)

• 1923 Arthur Jensen, American psychologist and academic (died 2012)

• 1924 Alyn Ainsworth, English singer and conductor (died 1990)

• 1924 Louis Teicher, American pianist (died 2008)

• 1926 Nancy Spero, American painter and academic (died 2009)

• 1927 Anjali Devi, Indian actress and producer (died 2014)

• 1927 David Ireland, Australian author and playwright (died 2022)

• 1927 Harry Markowitz, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2023)

• 1929 Betty Dodson, American author and educator (died 2020)

• 1929 Pierre Mazeaud, French jurist, politician and alpinist

• 1930 Jackie Brenston, American singer-songwriter and saxophonist (died 1979)

• 1930 Roger McCluskey, American race car driver (died 1993)

• 1932 Robert D. Hales, American captain and religious leader (died 2017)

• 1932 Richard Meale, Australian pianist and composer (died 2009)

• 1932 Cormac Murphy-O'Connor, English cardinal (died 2017)

• 1933 Prince Rupert Loewenstein, Spanish-English banker and manager (died 2014)

• 1934 Kenny Baker, English actor (died 2016)

• 1936 A. S. Byatt, English novelist and poet (died 2023)

• 1936 Kenny Guinn, American banker and politician, 27th Governor of Nevada (died 2010)

• 1936 Arthur B. C. Walker Jr., American physicist and academic (died 2001)

• 1937 Moshood Abiola, Nigerian businessman and politician (died 1998)

• 1937 Susan Sheehan, Austrian-American journalist and author (died 2026)

• 1938 David Freiberg, American singer and bass player

• 1938 Mason Williams, American guitarist and composer

• 1940 Madsen Pirie, British academic, President and co-founder of the Adam Smith Institute

• 1940 Francine Lalonde, Canadian educator and politician (died 2014)

• 1940 Keith Savage, English rugby player

• 1941 Alan M. Roberts, English academic, Professor of Zoology at the University of Bristol

• 1942 Max Cleland, American captain and politician (died 2021)

• 1942 Jimmy Soul, American pop-soul singer (died 1988)

• 1942 Karen Uhlenbeck, American mathematician

• 1942 Hans Peter Korff, German actor (died 2025)

• 1943 John Cipollina, American rock guitarist (died 1989)

• 1944 Bill Goldsworthy, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (died 1996)

• 1944 Gregory Jarvis, American engineer, and astronaut (died 1986)

• 1944 Rocky Johnson, Canadian-American wrestler and trainer (died 2020)

• 1945 Ronee Blakley, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress

• 1945 Molly Duncan, Scottish saxophonist (died 2019)

• 1945 Ken Hensley, English rock singer-songwriter and musician (died 2020)

• 1945 Marsha P. Johnson, American gay liberation activist and drag queen (died 1992)

• 1945 Vince McMahon, American wrestler, promoter, and entrepreneur; co-founded WWE

• 1947 Anne Archer, American actress and producer

• 1947 Paulo Coelho, Brazilian author and songwriter

• 1947 Roger De Vlaeminck, Belgian cyclist and coach

• 1947 Joe Manchin, American politician, 34th Governor of West Virginia

• 1947 Vladimir Masorin, Russian admiral

• 1948 Kim Sung-il, South Korean commander and pilot

• 1948 Jean Michel Jarre, French pianist, composer, and producer

• 1948 Sauli Niinistö, Finnish captain and politician, 12th President of Finland

• 1948 Alexander McCall Smith, Rhodesian-Scottish author and educator

• 1949 Stephen Paulus, American composer and educator (died 2014)

• 1949 Joe Regalbuto, American actor and director

• 1950 Dorothy L. Cheney, American primatologist (died 2018)

• 1951 Danny Joe Brown, American southern rock singer-songwriter and musician (died 2005)

• 1951 Orson Scott Card, American novelist, critic, public speaker, essayist, and columnist

• 1951 Oscar Hijuelos, American author and academic (died 2013)

• 1952 Marion Bloem, Dutch author, director, and painter

• 1952 Linton Kwesi Johnson, Jamaican dub poet

• 1953 Sam Torrance, Scottish golfer and sportscaster

• 1954 Alain Daigle, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1954 Heini Otto, Dutch footballer, coach, and manager

• 1955 Kevin Dunn, American actor

• 1955 Mike Huckabee, American minister and politician, 44th Governor of Arkansas

• 1956 Gerry Cooney, American boxer

• 1957 Jeffrey Daniel, American singer-songwriter and dancer

• 1957 Stephen Fry, English actor, journalist, producer, and screenwriter

• 1958 Steve Guttenberg, American actor and producer

• 1960 Cal Ripken Jr., American baseball player and coach

• 1961 Jared Harris, English actor

• 1962 Craig Kilborn, American television host

• 1962 Emile Roemer, Dutch educator and politician

• 1963 John Bush, American singer-songwriter

• 1963 Hideo Kojima, Japanese director, screenwriter and video game designer

• 1963 Peter Rufai, Nigerian footballer (died 2025)

• 1964 Éric Bernard, French racing driver

• 1964 Oteil Burbridge, American bassist (Allman Brothers Band, Dead & Company)

• 1964 Mark Cerny, American video game designer, programmer, producer and business executive

• 1964 Salizhan Sharipov, Kyrgyzstani-Russian lieutenant, pilot, and astronaut

• 1965 Marlee Matlin, American actress and producer

• 1965 Reggie Miller, American basketball player and sportscaster

• 1965 Brian Rajadurai, Sri Lankan-Canadian cricketer

• 1967 Michael Thomas, English footballer

• 1968 Benoît Brunet, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster

• 1968 Shoichi Funaki, Japanese-American wrestler and sportscaster

• 1968 Andreas Kisser, Brazilian guitarist, songwriter, and producer

• 1968 Tim Salmon, American baseball player and sportscaster

• 1969 Jans Koerts, Dutch cyclist

• 1970 Rich Beem, American golfer

• 1970 David Gregory, American journalist

• 1970 Tugay Kerimoğlu, Turkish footballer and manager

• 1972 Jean-Luc Brassard, Canadian skier and radio host

• 1972 Ava DuVernay, American director and screenwriter

• 1972 Todd Young, American politician

• 1973 Andrew Brunette, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

• 1973 Dave Chappelle, American comedian, actor, producer and screenwriter

• 1973 James D'Arcy, English actor

• 1973 Inge de Bruijn, Dutch swimmer

• 1973 Carmine Giovinazzo, American actor

• 1974 Jennifer Lien, American actress

• 1975 Roberto Colombo, Italian footballer

• 1975 Mark de Vries, Surinamese-Dutch footballer

• 1976 Simon Dennis, English rower and academic

• 1976 Alex O'Loughlin, Australian actor, writer, director, and producer

• 1977 Denílson de Oliveira Araújo, Brazilian footballer

• 1977 Robert Enke, German footballer (died 2009)

• 1977 Per Gade, Danish footballer

• 1977 John Green, American author and vlogger

• 1977 Jürgen Macho, Austrian footballer

• 1978 Derek Morris, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1979 Vahur Afanasjev, Estonian author and poet

• 1979 Orlando Engelaar, Dutch footballer

• 1979 Kaki King, American guitarist, lap steel guitar player and composer

• 1979 Michael Redd, American basketball player

• 1981 Chad Michael Murray, American actor, model, and author

• 1982 José Bosingwa, Portuguese footballer

• 1982 Kim Källström, Swedish footballer

• 1983 Brett Gardner, American baseball player

• 1983 Marcel Goc, German ice hockey player

• 1984 Erin Molan, Australian journalist and sportscaster

• 1984 Charlie Villanueva, Dominican-American basketball player

• 1984 Yesung, South Korean singer

• 1986 Joseph Akpala, Nigerian footballer

• 1986 Arian Foster, American football player, rapper, and actor

• 1987 Anže Kopitar, Slovenian ice hockey player

• 1988 Rupert Grint, English actor

• 1988 Brad Hunt, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1988 Manu Ma'u, New Zealand rugby league player

• 1988 Maya Yoshida, Japanese footballer

• 1989 Reynaldo, Brazilian footballer

• 1989 Rocío Igarzábal, Argentinian actress and singer

• 1990 Juan Pedro Lanzani, Argentinian actor and singer

• 1990 Luke Lawrence, American sailor

• 1991 Enrique Hernández, Puerto Rican baseball player

• 1991 Wang Zhen, Chinese race walker

• 1992 Jemerson, Brazilian footballer

• 1993 Maryna Zanevska, Belgian tennis player

• 1994 Kelsey Plum, American basketball player

• 1995 Noah Vonleh, American basketball player

• 1995 Lady Amelia Windsor, member of the British royal family

• 1997 Alan Walker, British-Norwegian DJ and record producer

• 1997 Karoline Leavitt, White House Press Secretary

• 1998 Sofia Richie, American model and social media personality

• 2000 Griffin Gluck, American actor

• 2001 Mildred Maldonado, Mexican rhythmic gymnast

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 691 Fu Youyi, official of the Tang Dynasty

• 842 Saga, Japanese emperor (born 786)

• 895 Guthred, king of Northumbria

• 927 Doulu Ge, chancellor of Later Tang

• 927 Wei Yue, chancellor of Later Tang

• 942 Liu, empress dowager of Later Jin

• 948 Zhang Ye, Chinese general and chancellor

• 1042 Michael V Kalaphates, Byzantine emperor (born 1015)

• 1103 Magnus Barefoot, Norwegian king (born 1073)

• 1217 Eustace the Monk, French pirate (born 1170)

• 1313 Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1275)

• 1372 Casimir III, Duke of Pomerania (born 1348)

• 1497 Sophie of Pomerania, Duchess of Pomerania (born 1435)

• 1507 Cecily of York, English princess (born 1469)

• 1540 Parmigianino, Italian painter and etcher (born 1503)

• 1542 Gasparo Contarini, Italian cardinal (born 1483)

• 1572 Gaspard II de Coligny, French admiral (born 1519)

• 1572 Charles de Téligny, French soldier and diplomat (born 1535)

• 1595 Thomas Digges, English mathematician and astronomer (born 1546)

1601–1900

• 1617 Rose of Lima, Peruvian saint (born 1586)

• 1647 Nicholas Stone, English sculptor and architect (born 1586)

• 1679 Jean François Paul de Gondi, French cardinal and author (born 1614)

• 1680 Thomas Blood, Irish colonel (born 1618)

• 1680 Ferdinand Bol, Dutch painter and etcher (born 1616)

• 1683 John Owen, English theologian and academic (born 1616)

• 1759 Ewald Christian von Kleist, German poet and soldier (born 1715)

• 1770 Thomas Chatterton, English poet and prodigy (born 1752)

• 1779 Cosmas of Aetolia, Greek monk and saint (born 1714)

• 1798 Thomas Alcock, English priest and author (born 1709)

• 1804 Peggy Shippen, American wife of Benedict Arnold and American Revolutionary War spy (born 1760)

• 1818 James Carr, American lawyer and politician (born 1777)

• 1821 John William Polidori, English writer and physician (born 1795)

• 1832 Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot, French physicist and engineer (born 1796)

• 1832 Richard Weymouth, British Royal Navy commander (born 1780/81)

• 1838 Ferenc Kölcsey, Hungarian poet, critic, and politician (born 1790)

• 1841 Theodore Hook, English civil servant and composer (born 1788)

• 1841 John Ordronaux, French-American soldier (born 1778)

• 1888 Rudolf Clausius, German physicist and mathematician (born 1822)

• 1895 Albert F. Mummery, English mountaineer and author (born 1855)

1901–present

• 1923 Kate Douglas Wiggin, American author and educator (born 1856)

• 1930 Tom Norman, English businessman and showman (born 1860)

• 1932 Kate M. Gordon, American activist (born 1861)

• 1939 Frederick Carl Frieseke, American painter and educator (born 1874)

• 1940 Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, Polish-German technician and inventor, invented the Nipkow disk (born 1860)

• 1943 Antonio Alice, Argentinian painter and educator (born 1886)

• 1943 Ettore Muti Italian aviator, adventurer and politician (born 1902)

• 1943 Simone Weil, French philosopher and activist (born 1909)

• 1946 James Clark McReynolds, American lawyer and judge, 48th United States Attorney General (born 1862)

• 1954 Getúlio Vargas, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 14th President of Brazil (born 1882)

• 1956 Kenji Mizoguchi, Japanese director and screenwriter (born 1898)

• 1957 Ronald Knox, English Catholic priest (born 1888)

• 1958 Paul Henry, Irish painter and educator (born 1876)

• 1967 Henry J. Kaiser, American businessman, founded Kaiser Shipyards and Kaiser Aluminum (born 1882)

• 1974 Alexander P. de Seversky, Russian-American pilot and businessman, co-founded Republic Aviation (born 1894)

• 1977 Buddy O'Connor, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1916)

• 1978 Louis Prima, American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and actor (born 1910)

• 1979 Hanna Reitsch, German soldier and pilot (born 1912)

• 1980 Yootha Joyce, English actress (born 1927)

• 1982 Félix-Antoine Savard, Canadian priest and author (born 1896)

• 1983 Kalevi Kotkas, Estonian-Finnish high jumper and discus thrower (born 1913)

• 1983 Scott Nearing, American economist, educator, and activist (born 1883)

• 1985 Paul Creston, American composer and educator (born 1906)

• 1987 Malcolm Kirk, English rugby player and wrestler (born 1936)

• 1990 Sergei Dovlatov, Russian-American journalist and author (born 1941)

• 1990 Gely Abdel Rahman, Sudanese-Egyptian poet and academic (born 1931)

• 1991 Bernard Castro, Italian-American inventor (born 1904)

• 1992 André Donner, Dutch academic and judge (born 1918)

• 1997 Luigi Villoresi, Italian racing driver (born 1907)

• 1998 E. G. Marshall, American actor (born 1910)

• 1999 Mary Jane Croft, American actress (born 1916)

• 1999 Alexandre Lagoya, Egyptian guitarist and composer (born 1929)

• 2000 Andy Hug, Swiss martial artist and kick-boxer (born 1964)

• 2001 Jane Greer, American actress (born 1924)

• 2001 Roman Matsov, Estonian violinist, pianist, and conductor (born 1917)

• 2002 Nikolay Guryanov, Russian priest and mystic (born 1909)

• 2003 Wilfred Thesiger, Ethiopian-English explorer and author (born 1910)

• 2004 Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, Swiss-American psychiatrist and academic (born 1926)

• 2005 Jamshed Ansari, Pakistani film, television and radio actor (born 1942)

• 2006 Rocco Petrone, American soldier and engineer (born 1926)

• 2006 Léopold Simoneau, Canadian tenor and educator (born 1916)

• 2007 Andrée Boucher, Canadian educator and politician, 39th Mayor of Quebec City (born 1937)

• 2007 Aaron Russo, American director and producer (born 1943)

• 2010 Satoshi Kon, Japanese director and screenwriter (born 1963)

• 2011 Seyhan Erözçelik, Turkish poet and author (born 1962)

• 2011 Mike Flanagan, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (born 1951)

• 2012 Dadullah, Pakistani Taliban leader (born 1965)

• 2012 Pauli Ellefsen, Faroese surveyor and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (born 1936)

• 2012 Steve Franken, American actor (born 1932)

• 2012 Félix Miélli Venerando, Brazilian footballer and manager (born 1937)

• 2013 Gerry Baker, American soccer player and manager (born 1938)

• 2013 Nílton de Sordi, Brazilian footballer and manager (born 1931)

• 2013 Julie Harris, American actress (born 1925)

• 2013 Muriel Siebert, American businesswoman and philanthropist (born 1928)

• 2014 Richard Attenborough, English actor, director, producer, and politician (born 1923)

• 2014 Antônio Ermírio de Moraes, Brazilian businessman (born 1928)

• 2015 Charlie Coffey, American football player and coach (born 1934)

• 2015 Joseph F. Traub, German-American computer scientist and academic (born 1932)

• 2015 Justin Wilson, English racing driver (born 1978)

• 2016 Walter Scheel, German politician, 4th President of Germany (born 1919)

• 2017 Jay Thomas, American actor, comedian, and radio talk show host (born 1948)

• 2020 Gail Sheehy, American author, journalist, and lecturer (born 1936)

• 2021 Charlie Watts, English musician (born 1941)

• 2023 Bray Wyatt, American wrestler (born 1987)

• 2024 Christoph Daum, German footballer and manager (born 1953)

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

• Aurea of Ostia

• Bartholomew the Apostle (Roman Catholic, Anglican)

• Edward Klinik

• Emily de Vialar

• Jeanne-Antide Thouret

• Maria Micaela Desmaisieres

• Massa Candida (Martyrs of Utica)

• Owen (Audoin)

• August 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Flag Day (Liberia)

• Independence Day or Den' Nezalezhnosti, celebrates the independence of Ukraine from the Soviet Union in 1991.

• International Strange Music Day

• National Waffle Day (United States)

• Nostalgia Night (Uruguay)

• Willka Raymi (Cusco, Peru)

References

External links