Events

Pre-1600

• 1124 The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of 19 weeks.

• 1456 A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution.

• 1520 Spanish conquistadores defeat a larger Aztec army at the Battle of Otumba.

• 1534 Jacques Cartier makes his first contact with aboriginal peoples in what is now Canada.

• 1548 Scotland and France conclude the Treaty of Haddington in response to the war known as the "Rough Wooing". According to the treaty, the five-year-old Mary, Queen of Scots, is to marry the Dauphin of France.

• 1575 The Raid of the Redeswire is the last major battle between England and Scotland.

• 1585 The Treaty of Nemours abolishes tolerance to Protestants in France.

1601–1900

• 1667 An English fleet completes the destruction of a French merchant fleet off Fort St Pierre, Martinique during the Second Anglo-Dutch War.

• 1770 The Battle of Larga between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire takes place.

• 1770 After three days of battle around Chesma, the Russian fleet defeats the Ottoman Navy, inflicting one of the most severe naval defeats on the Ottoman Empire since Lepanto.

• 1777 American forces retreating from Fort Ticonderoga are defeated in the Battle of Hubbardton.

• 1798 As a result of the XYZ Affair, the US Congress rescinds the Treaty of Alliance with France sparking the "Quasi-War".

• 1807 The first Treaty of Tilsit between France and Russia is signed, ending hostilities between the two countries in the War of the Fourth Coalition.

• 1834 In New York City, four nights of rioting against abolitionists began.

• 1846 US troops occupy Monterey and Yerba Buena, thus beginning the US conquest of California.

• 1863 The United States begins its first military draft; exemptions cost $300.

• 1865 Four conspirators in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln are hanged.

• 1892 The Katipunan is established, the discovery of which by Spanish authorities initiated the Philippine Revolution.

• 1898 US president William McKinley signs the Newlands Resolution, annexing Hawaii as a territory of the United States.

• 1900 The luxury racing yacht Idler capsizes and sinks on Lake Erie during a storm, drowning six of its seven passengers (all members of the family of Cleveland businessman James C. Corrigan).

1901–present

• 1907 Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. staged his first Follies on the roof of the New York Theater in New York City.

• 1911 The United States, UK, Japan, and Russia sign the North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 banning open-water seal hunting, the first international treaty to address wildlife preservation issues.

• 1915 World War I: The First Battle of the Isonzo between Italy and Austria-Hungary comes to an end.

• 1915 Colombo Town Guard officer Henry Pedris is executed in British Ceylon for allegedly inciting persecution of Muslims.

• 1916 The New Zealand Labour Party was founded in Wellington.

• 1928 Sliced bread is sold for the first time (on the inventor's 48th birthday) by the Chillicothe Baking Company of Chillicothe, Missouri.

• 1930 Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser begins construction of Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam).

• 1930 The Finnish far-right Lapua Movement organises the Peasant March demonstration in Helsinki to put pressure on the government to prohibit communist activities.

• 1937 The Marco Polo Bridge Incident (Lugou Bridge) provides the Imperial Japanese Army with a pretext for starting the Second Sino-Japanese War (China-Japan War).

• 1937 The Peel Commission Report recommends the partition of Palestine, which was the first formal recommendation for partition in the history of Palestine.

• 1941 The US occupation of Iceland replaces the UK's occupation.

• 1944 World War II: Largest Banzai charge of the Pacific War at the Battle of Saipan.

• 1946 Mother Francesca S. Cabrini becomes the first American to be canonized.

• 1946 Howard Hughes nearly dies when his XF-11 reconnaissance aircraft prototype crashes in a Beverly Hills neighborhood.

• 1952 The ocean liner passes Bishop Rock on her maiden voyage, breaking the transatlantic speed record to become the fastest passenger ship in the world.

• 1953 Ernesto "Che" Guevara sets out on a trip through Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, and El Salvador.

• 1958 US President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the Alaska Statehood Act into law.

• 1959 Venus occults the star Regulus. This rare event is used to determine the diameter of Venus and the structure of the Venusian atmosphere.

• 1962 Alitalia Flight 771 crashes in Junnar, Maharashtra, India, killing 94 people.

• 1963 Buddhist crisis: Police commanded by Ngô Đình Nhu, brother and chief political adviser of South Vietnam President Ngo Dinh Diem, attacked a group of American journalists who were covering a protest.

• 1978 The Solomon Islands becomes independent from the United Kingdom.

• 1980 Institution of sharia law in Iran.

• 1980 During the Lebanese Civil War, 83 Tiger militants are killed during what will be known as the Safra massacre.

• 1981 US President Ronald Reagan nominates Sandra Day O'Connor to become the first female member of the Supreme Court of the United States.

• 1983 Cold War: Samantha Smith, a United States schoolgirl, flies to the Soviet Union at the invitation of Secretary General Yuri Andropov.

• 1985 Boris Becker becomes the youngest male player ever to win Wimbledon at age 17.

• 1991 Yugoslav Wars: The Brioni Agreement ends the ten-day independence war in Slovenia against the rest of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

• 1992 The New York Court of Appeals rules that women have the same right as men to go topless in public.

• 1997 The Turkish Armed Forces withdraw from northern Iraq after assisting the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the Iraqi Kurdish Civil War.

• 2003 NASA Opportunity rover, MER-B or Mars Exploration Rover–B, was launched into space aboard a Delta II rocket.

• 2005 A series of four explosions occurs on London's transport system, killing 56 people, including four suicide bombers, and injuring over 700 others.

• 2006 A shootout happens in Spiritwood, Canada, killing two Royal Canadian Mounted Police and wounding a third officer.

• 2007 The first Live Earth benefit concert was held in 11 locations around the world.

• 2011 A man goes on a killing spree in Grand Rapids, Michigan, killing seven and wounding two before killing himself.

• 2012 At least 172 people are killed in a flash flood in the Krasnodar Krai region of Russia.

• 2013 A De Havilland Otter air taxi crashes in Soldotna, Alaska, killing ten people.

• 2016 Ex-US Army soldier Micah Xavier Johnson shoots fourteen policemen, killing five of them, in downtown Dallas, Texas at the end of a protest of recent police killings of Black men. He is subsequently killed by a robot-delivered bomb.

• 2017 The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons was adopted with 122 countries voting in favour.

• 2019 The United States defeated the Netherlands 2–0 at the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup final in Lyon, France.

• 2021 Haitian crisis: Haitian President Jovenel Moïse is assassinated in his residence in the capital of Port-au-Prince.

• 2022 Boris Johnson announces his resignation as leader of the Conservative Party following days of pressure from the Members of Parliament (MPs) during the July 2022 United Kingdom government crisis.

Births

Pre-1600

• 611 Eudoxia Epiphania, daughter of Byzantine emperor Heraclius

• 1053 Emperor Shirakawa of Japan (died 1129)

• 1119 Emperor Sutoku of Japan (died 1164)

• 1207 Elizabeth of Hungary (died 1231)

• 1482 Andrzej Krzycki, Polish archbishop (died 1537)

• 1528 Archduchess Anna of Austria (died 1590)

• 1540 John Sigismund Zápolya, King of Hungary (died 1571)

• 1585 Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel, English courtier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Northumberland (died 1646)

• 1588 Wolrad IV, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (died 1640)

1601–1900

• 1616 John Leverett, Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (died 1679)

• 1752 Joseph Marie Jacquard, French merchant, invented the Jacquard loom (died 1834)

• 1766 Guillaume Philibert Duhesme, French general (died 1815)

• 1831 Jane Elizabeth Conklin, American poet and religious writer (died 1914)

• 1833 Félicien Rops, Belgian painter and illustrator (died 1898)

• 1843 Camillo Golgi, Italian physician and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1926)

• 1846 Heinrich Rosenthal, Estonian physician and author (died 1916)

• 1848 Rodrigues Alves, Brazilian politician, 5th President of Brazil (died 1919)

• 1851 Charles Albert Tindley, American minister and composer (died 1933)

• 1855 Ludwig Ganghofer, German author and playwright (died 1920)

• 1859 Rettamalai Srinivasan, Indian politician (died 1945)

• 1860 Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer and conductor (died 1911)

• 1861 Nettie Stevens, American geneticist (died 1912)

• 1869 Rachel Caroline Eaton, American academic (died 1938)

• 1869 Fernande Sadler, French painter and mayor (died 1949)

• 1874 Erwin Bumke, German lawyer and jurist (died 1945)

• 1880 Otto Frederick Rohwedder, American engineer, invented sliced bread (died 1960)

• 1882 Yanka Kupala, Belarusian poet and writer (died 1941)

• 1883 Toivo Kuula, Finnish conductor and composer (died 1918)

• 1884 Lion Feuchtwanger, German author and playwright (died 1958)

• 1891 Tadamichi Kuribayashi, Japanese general and poet (died 1945)

• 1891 Virginia Rappe, American model and actress (died 1921)

• 1893 Herbert Feis, American historian and author (died 1972)

• 1893 Miroslav Krleža, Croatian author, poet, and playwright (died 1981)

• 1898 Arnold Horween, American football player and coach (died 1985)

• 1899 George Cukor, American director and producer (died 1983)

• 1900 Maria Bard, German stage and silent film actress (died 1944)

• 1900 Earle E. Partridge, American general (died 1990)

1901–present

• 1901 Sam Katzman, American director and producer (died 1973)

• 1901 Vittorio De Sica, Italian actor and director (died 1974)

• 1901 Eiji Tsuburaya, Japanese cinematographer and producer (died 1970)

• 1902 Ted Radcliffe, American baseball player and manager (died 2005)

• 1904 Simone Beck, French chef and author (died 1991)

• 1905 Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin, French mathematician (died 1972)

• 1906 William Feller, Croatian-American mathematician and academic (died 1970)

• 1906 Anton Karas, Austrian zither player and composer (died 1985)

• 1906 Satchel Paige, American baseball player and coach (died 1982)

• 1907 Robert A. Heinlein, American science fiction writer and screenwriter (died 1988)

• 1908 Evert Willem Beth, Dutch mathematician and philosopher (died 1964)

• 1908 Revilo P. Oliver, American author and academic (died 1994)

• 1909 Gottfried von Cramm, German tennis player (died 1976)

• 1910 Doris McCarthy, Canadian painter and author (died 2010)

• 1911 Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-American composer (died 2007)

• 1913 Pinetop Perkins, American singer and pianist (died 2011)

• 1915 Margaret Walker, American novelist and poet (died 1998)

• 1916 Tiny Grimes, American jazz and R&B guitarist (died 1989)

• 1917 Fidel Sánchez Hernández, Salvadoran general and politician, President of El Salvador (died 2003)

• 1917 Red Sovine, "Red" Sovine, American country music singer and songwriter (died 1980)

• 1917 Iva Withers, Canadian-American actress and singer (died 2014)

• 1918 Bob Vanatta, American head basketball coach (died 2016)

• 1918 Jing Shuping, Chinese businessman (died 2009)

• 1919 William Kunstler, American defense attorney (defended the Chicago 7) (died 1995)

• 1919 Jon Pertwee, English actor (died 1996)

• 1921 Ezzard Charles, American boxer (died 1975)

• 1921 Adolf von Thadden, German lieutenant and politician (died 1996)

• 1922 Alan Armer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2010)

• 1922 James D. Hughes, American Air Force lieutenant general (died 2024)

• 1923 Liviu Ciulei, Romanian actor, director, and screenwriter (died 2011)

• 1923 Whitney North Seymour Jr., American politician (died 2019)

• 1923 Eduardo Falú, Argentinian guitarist and composer (died 2013)

• 1924 Natalia Bekhtereva, Russian neuroscientist and psychologist (died 2008)

• 1924 Mary Ford, American singer and guitarist (died 1977)

• 1924 Karim Olowu, Nigerian sprinter and long jumper (died 2019)

• 1924 Eddie Romero, Filipino director, producer, screenwriter, and National Artist for Cinema and Broadcast Arts (died 2013)

• 1925 Geliy Korzhev, Russian painter (died 2012)

• 1925 Wally Phillips, American radio host (died 2008)

• 1926 Nuon Chea, Cambodian politician (died 2019)

• 1926 Anand Mohan Zutshi Gulzar Dehlvi, Urdu poet (died 2020)

• 1927 Alan J. Dixon, American lawyer and politician, 34th Illinois Secretary of State (died 2014)

• 1927 Charlie Louvin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2011)

• 1927 Doc Severinsen, American trumpet player and conductor

• 1928 Patricia Hitchcock, English actress (died 2021)

• 1928 Kapelwa Sikota Zambian nurse and health official (died 2006)

• 1929 Hasan Abidi, Pakistani journalist and poet (died 2005)

• 1929 Sergio Romano, Italian writer, journalist, and historian

• 1930 Hamish MacInnes, Scottish mountaineer and author (died 2020)

• 1930 Theodore McCarrick, American former cardinal (died 2025)

• 1930 Hank Mobley, American saxophonist and composer (died 1986)

• 1930 Biljana Plavšić, 2nd President of Republika Srpska

• 1931 David Eddings, American author and academic (died 2009)

• 1932 T. J. Bass, American physician and author (died 2011)

• 1932 Joe Zawinul, Austrian jazz keyboardist and composer (died 2007)

• 1933 David McCullough, American historian and author (died 2022)

• 1934 Robert McNeill Alexander, British zoologist (died 2016)

• 1935 Gian Carlo Michelini, Italian-Taiwanese Roman Catholic priest

• 1936 Egbert Brieskorn, German mathematician and academic (died 2013)

• 1936 Jo Siffert, Swiss race car driver (died 1971)

• 1936 Nikos Xilouris, Greek singer-songwriter (died 1980)

• 1937 Tung Chee-hwa, Hong Kong businessman and politician, 1st Chief Executive of Hong Kong

• 1938 James Montgomery Boice, American pastor and theologian (died 2000)

• 1939 Elena Obraztsova, Russian soprano and actress (died 2015)

• 1940 Ringo Starr, English singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor

• 1941 Marco Bollesan, Italian rugby player and coach (died 2021)

• 1941 Michael Howard, Welsh lawyer and politician

• 1941 John Fru Ndi, Cameroonian politician (died 2023)

• 1941 Bill Oddie, English comedian, actor, and singer (died 2026)

• 1941 Jim Rodford, English bass player (died 2018)

• 1942 Carmen Duncan, Australian actress (died 2019)

• 1943 Joel Siegel, American journalist and critic (died 2007)

• 1944 Tony Jacklin, English golfer and sportscaster

• 1944 Glenys Kinnock, English educator and politician (died 2023)

• 1944 Feleti Sevele, Tongan politician; Prime Minister of Tonga

• 1944 Emanuel Steward, American boxer and trainer (died 2012)

• 1944 Ian Wilmut, English-Scottish embryologist and academic (died 2023)

• 1945 Michael Ancram, English lawyer and politician (died 2024)

• 1945 Adele Goldberg, American computer scientist and academic

• 1945 Helô Pinheiro, inspiration for the song "The Girl from Ipanema"

• 1947 Gyanendra, King of Nepal

• 1947 Howard Rheingold, American author and critic

• 1949 Shelley Duvall, American actress, writer, and producer (died 2024)

• 1954 Simon Anderson, Australian surfer

• 1955 Len Barker, American baseball player and coach

• 1957 Jonathan Dayton, American director and producer

• 1957 Berry Sakharof, Turkish-Israeli singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1958 Alexander Svinin, Russian figure skater and coach

• 1959 Billy Campbell, American actor

• 1960 Kevin A. Ford, American colonel and astronaut

• 1960 Ralph Sampson, American basketball player and coach

• 1963 Vonda Shepard, American singer-songwriter and actress

• 1964 Dominik Henzel, Czech-Swedish actor and comedian

• 1965 Mo Collins, American actress, comedian and screenwriter

• 1965 Jeremy Kyle, English talk show host

• 1966 Jim Gaffigan, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter

• 1967 Tom Kristensen, Danish race car driver

• 1968 Jorja Fox, American actress

• 1969 Sylke Otto, German luger

• 1969 Joe Sakic, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1969 Cree Summer, American-Canadian actress

• 1970 Wayne McCullough, Northern Irish boxer

• 1970 Min Patel, Indian-English cricketer

• 1970 Erik Zabel, German cyclist and coach

• 1971 Christian Camargo, American actor, producer, and screenwriter

• 1972 Lisa Leslie, American basketball player and actress

• 1972 Manfred Stohl, Austrian race car driver

• 1972 Kirsten Vangsness, American actress and writer

• 1973 José Jiménez, Dominican baseball player

• 1974 Patrick Lalime, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster

• 1975 Tony Benshoof, American luger

• 1975 Louis Koen, South African rugby player

• 1975 Adam Nelson, American shot putter

• 1976 Bérénice Bejo, Argentinian-French actress

• 1976 Dominic Foley, Irish footballer

• 1976 Hamish Linklater, American actor and playwright

• 1976 Ercüment Olgundeniz, Turkish discus thrower and shot putter

• 1976 Vasily Petrenko, Russian conductor

• 1978 Chris Andersen, American basketball player

• 1978 Davor Kraljević, Croatian footballer

• 1979 Ibrahim Sulayman Muhammad Arbaysh, Saudi Arabian terrorist (died 2015)

• 1979 Anastasios Gousis, Greek sprinter

• 1979 Douglas Hondo, Zimbabwean cricketer

• 1980 John Buck, American baseball player

• 1980 Serdar Kulbilge, Turkish footballer

• 1980 Michelle Kwan, American figure skater

• 1981 Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Indian cricketer

• 1981 Synyster Gates, American guitarist

• 1982 Jan Laštůvka, Czech footballer

• 1982 George Owu, Ghanaian footballer

• 1982 Asia O'Hara, American drag performer

• 1983 Justin Davies, Australian footballer

• 1984 Minas Alozidis, Greek hurdler

• 1984 Alberto Aquilani, Italian footballer

• 1984 Mohammad Ashraful, Bangladeshi cricketer

• 1985 Marc Stein, German footballer

• 1986 Ana Kasparian, American journalist and producer

• 1986 Udo Schwarz, German rugby player

• 1986 Sevyn Streeter, American singer-songwriter

• 1988 Kaci Brown, American singer-songwriter

• 1988 Lukas Rosenthal, German rugby player

• 1989 Landon Cassill, American race car driver

• 1989 Miina Kallas, Estonian footballer

• 1989 Karl-August Tiirmaa, Estonian skier

• 1990 Lee Addy, Ghanaian footballer

• 1990 Pascal Stöger, Austrian footballer

• 1991 Alesso, Swedish DJ, record producer and musician

• 1992 Ellina Anissimova, Estonian hammer thrower

• 1992 Dominik Furman, Polish footballer

• 1994 Nigina Abduraimova, Uzbekistani tennis player

• 1994 Timothy Cathcart, Northern Irish race car driver (died 2014)

• 1994 Ashton Irwin, Australian musician

• 1996 Yoon Chae-kyung, South Korean singer and actress

• 1997 Mizuho Habu, Japanese idol and model

• 1997 James Marriott, English musician and online content creator

• 1999 Moussa Diaby, French footballer

• 2005 Ron Holland, American basketball player

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 984 Crescentius the Elder, Italian politician and aristocrat

• 1021 Fujiwara no Akimitsu, Japanese bureaucrat (born 944)

• 1162 Haakon II Sigurdsson, king of Norway (born 1147)

• 1285 Tile Kolup, German impostor claiming to be Frederick II

• 1304 Benedict XI, pope of the Catholic Church (born 1240)

• 1307 Edward I, king of England (born 1239)

• 1345 Momchil, Bulgarian brigand and ruler

• 1531 Tilman Riemenschneider, German sculptor (born 1460)

• 1568 William Turner, British ornithologist and botanist (born 1508)

• 1572 Sigismund II Augustus, Polish king (born 1520)

• 1573 Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect, designed the Church of the Gesù and Villa Farnese (born 1507)

• 1593 Mohammed Bagayogo, Malian scholar and academic (born 1523)

• 1600 Thomas Lucy, English politician (born 1532)

1601–1900

• 1607 Penelope Blount, Countess of Devonshire, English noblewoman (born 1563)

• 1647 Thomas Hooker, English minister, founded the Colony of Connecticut (born 1586)

• 1701 William Stoughton, American judge and politician, Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (born 1631)

• 1713 Henry Compton, English bishop (born 1632)

• 1718 Alexei Petrovich, Russian tsarevich (born 1690)

• 1730 Olivier Levasseur, French pirate (born 1690)

• 1758 Marthanda Varma, Raja of Attingal (born 1706)

• 1764 William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath, English politician, Secretary at War (born 1683)

• 1776 Jeremiah Markland, English scholar and academic (born 1693)

• 1790 François Hemsterhuis, Dutch philosopher and author (born 1721)

• 1816 Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish playwright and poet (born 1751)

• 1863 William Mulready, Irish genre painter (born 1786)

1865 Assassination of Abraham Lincoln: execution of convicted conspirators

• George Atzerodt (born 1833)

• David Herold (born 1842)

• Lewis Powell (born 1844)

• Mary Surratt (born 1823)

• 1890 Henri Nestlé, German businessman, founded Nestlé (born 1814)

1901–present

• 1901 Johanna Spyri, Swiss author (born 1827)

• 1913 Edward Burd Grubb Jr., American general and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Spain (born 1841)

• 1922 Cathal Brugha, Irish revolutionary and politician, active in the Easter Rising, Irish War of Independence; first Ceann Comhairle and first President of Dáil Éireann (born 1874)

• 1925 Clarence Hudson White, American photographer and educator (born 1871)

• 1927 Gösta Mittag-Leffler, Swedish mathematician and academic (born 1846)

• 1930 Arthur Conan Doyle, British writer, creator of Sherlock Holmes (born 1859)

• 1932 Henry Eyster Jacobs, American theologian and educator (born 1844)

• 1939 Deacon White, American baseball player and manager (born 1847)

• 1950 Fats Navarro, American trumpet player and composer (born 1923)

• 1955 Ali Naci Karacan, Turkish journalist and publisher (born 1896)

• 1956 Gottfried Benn, German author and poet (born 1886)

• 1960 Francis Browne, Irish priest and photographer (born 1880)

• 1964 Lillian Copeland, American discus thrower and shot putter (born 1904)

• 1965 Moshe Sharett, Ukrainian-Israeli lieutenant and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Israel (born 1894)

• 1968 Jo Schlesser, French race car driver (born 1928)

• 1970 Dame Laura Knight, English artist (born 1877)

• 1971 Claude Gauvreau, Canadian poet and playwright (born 1925)

• 1972 Athenagoras I of Constantinople (born 1886)

• 1973 Max Horkheimer, German philosopher and sociologist (born 1895)

• 1973 Veronica Lake, American actress (born 1922)

• 1978 Francisco Mendes, Guinea-Bissau lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (born 1933)

• 1980 Dore Schary, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1905)

• 1982 Bon Maharaja, Indian guru and religious writer (born 1901)

• 1984 George Oppen, American poet and author (born 1908)

• 1987 Germaine Thyssens-Valentin, Dutch-French pianist (born 1902)

• 1990 Bill Cullen, American television panelist and game show host (born 1920)

• 1990 Cazuza, Brazilian singer and songwriter (born 1958)

• 1993 Rıfat Ilgaz, Turkish author, poet, and educator (born 1911)

• 1993 Mia Zapata, American singer (born 1965)

• 1994 Carlo Chiti, Italian engineer (born 1924)

• 1994 Friedrich August Freiherr von der Heydte, German general (born 1907)

• 1998 Moshood Abiola, Nigerian businessman and politician (born 1937)

• 1999 Vikram Batra, Param Vir Chakra, Indian Army personnel (born 1974)

• 1999 Julie Campbell Tatham, American author (born 1908)

• 2000 Kenny Irwin Jr., American race car driver (born 1969)

• 2001 Fred Neil, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1936)

• 2003 Izhak Graziani, Bulgarian trumpet player and conductor (born 1924)

• 2006 Syd Barrett, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1946)

• 2006 Juan de Ávalos, Spanish sculptor (born 1911)

• 2006 John Money, New Zealand-American psychologist and author (born 1921)

• 2007 Anne McLaren, British scientist (born 1927)

• 2007 Donald Michie, British scientist (born 1923)

• 2008 Bruce Conner, American sculptor, painter, and photographer (born 1933)

• 2008 Dorian Leigh, American model (born 1917)

• 2011 Allan W. Eckert, American historian and author (born 1931)

• 2011 Dick Williams, American baseball player, coach, and manager (born 1929)

• 2012 Dennis Flemion, American drummer (born 1955)

• 2012 Ronaldo Cunha Lima, Brazilian poet and politician (born 1936)

• 2012 Doris Neal, American baseball player (born 1928)

• 2012 Jerry Norman, American sinologist and linguist (born 1936)

• 2012 Leon Schlumpf, Swiss politician (born 1927)

• 2013 Artur Hajzer, Polish mountaineer (born 1962)

• 2013 Robert Hamerton-Kelly, South African-American pastor, theologian, and author (born 1938)

• 2013 Donald J. Irwin, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Mayor of Norwalk, Connecticut (born 1926)

• 2013 Ben Pucci, American football player and sportscaster (born 1925)

• 2014 Alfredo Di Stéfano, Argentinian-Spanish footballer and coach (born 1926)

• 2014 Eduard Shevardnadze, Georgian general and politician, 2nd President of Georgia (born 1928)

• 2014 Peter Underwood, Australian lawyer and politician, 27th Governor of Tasmania (born 1937)

• 2015 Maria Barroso, Portuguese actress and politician (born 1925)

• 2015 Bob MacKinnon, American basketball player and coach (born 1927)

• 2021 Robert Downey Sr., American actor and director (born 1936)

• 2021 Dilip Kumar, Indian film actor (born 1922)

• 2021 Jovenel Moïse, Haitian entrepreneur and politician, President of Haiti (born 1968)

• 2024 Jane McAlevey, American labor organizer and author (born 1964)

• 2025 Wayne Dobson, English magician (born 1957)

• 2025 Roman Starovoyt, Russian politician (born 1972)

• 2025 Norman Tebbit, English journalist and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (born 1931)

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

• Æthelburh of Faremoutiers

• Felix of Nantes

• Illidius

• Job of Manyava (Ukrainian Orthodox Church)

• Blessed María Romero Meneses

• Pantaenus

• Peter To Rot

• Blessedss Józef and Wiktoria Ulma with seven children (Catholic Church)

• Willibald (Catholic Church)

• July 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Solomon Islands from the United Kingdom in 1978.

• Ivan Kupala Day (Belarus, Poland, Russia, Ukraine)

• Saba Saba Day (Tanzania)

• Tanabata (Japan)

• World Chocolate Day

References

External links