Events

Pre-1600

• 671 Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called Rokoku. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu.

• 1190 Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the river Saleph while leading an army to Jerusalem.

• 1225 Pope Honorius III issues the bull Vineae Domini custodes in which he approves the mission of Dominican friars to Morocco.

• 1329 The Battle of Pelekanon is the last attempt of the Byzantine Empire to retain its cities in Asia Minor.

• 1358 Battle of Mello: The peasant forces of the Jacquerie are crushed by the army of the French nobility.

• 1422 Ottoman Sultan Murad II besieges Constantinople, but is ultimately unsuccessful.

• 1523 Copenhagen is surrounded by the army of Frederick I of Denmark, as the city will not recognise him as the successor of Christian II of Denmark.

• 1539 Council of Trent: Pope Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.

• 1596 Willem Barents and Jacob van Heemskerk discover Bear Island.

1601–1900

• 1619 Thirty Years' War: Battle of Záblatí, a turning point in the Bohemian Revolt.

• 1624 Signing of the Treaty of Compiègne between France and the Netherlands.

• 1692 Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts, for "certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft and Sorceries".

• 1719 Jacobite risings: Battle of Glen Shiel.

• 1782 King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) of Siam (modern day Thailand) is crowned.

• 1786 A landslide dam on the Dadu River created by an earthquake ten days earlier collapses, killing 100,000 in the Sichuan province of China.

• 1793 The Jardin des Plantes museum opens in Paris. A year later, it becomes the first public zoo.

• 1793 French Revolution: Following the arrests of Girondin leaders, the Jacobins gain control of the Committee of Public Safety installing the revolutionary dictatorship.

• 1805 First Barbary War: Yusuf Karamanli signs a treaty ending the hostilities between Tripolitania and the United States.

• 1829 The first Boat Race between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge takes place on the Thames in London.

• 1838 Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.

• 1854 The United States Naval Academy graduates its first class of students.

• 1861 American Civil War: Battle of Big Bethel: Confederate troops under John B. Magruder defeat a much larger Union force led by General Ebenezer W. Pierce in Virginia.

• 1863 During the French intervention in Mexico, Mexico City is captured by French troops.

• 1864 American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads: Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.

• 1868 Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia is assassinated.

• 1871 Sinmiyangyo: Captain McLane Tilton leads 109 US Marines in a naval attack on Han River forts on Kanghwa Island, Korea.

• 1873 Russian forces under General von Kaufmann capture the city of Khiva from the Khanate of Khiva.

• 1878 League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in the Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece.

• 1886 Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, long fissure across the mountain peak.

• 1898 Spanish–American War: In the Battle of Guantánamo Bay, U.S. Marines begin the American invasion of Spanish-held Cuba.

1901–present

• 1916 The Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire is declared by Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca.

• 1918 World War I: The Austro-Hungarian battleship sinks off the Croatian coast after being torpedoed by an Italian MAS motorboat; the event is recorded by camera from a nearby vessel.

• 1924 Fascists kidnap and kill Italian Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.

• 1935 Dr. Robert Smith takes his last drink, and Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, Ohio, United States, by him and Bill Wilson.

• 1935 Chaco War ends: A truce is called between Bolivia and Paraguay who had been fighting since 1932.

• 1940 World War II: Fascist Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom, beginning an invasion of southern France.

• 1940 World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt denounces Italy's actions in his "Stab in the Back" speech at the graduation ceremonies of the University of Virginia.

• 1940 World War II: Military resistance to the German occupation of Norway ends.

• 1942 World War II: The Lidice massacre is perpetrated as a reprisal for the assassination of Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich.

• 1944 World War II: Six hundred forty-three men, women and children are massacred at Oradour-sur-Glane, France.

• 1944 World War II: In Distomo, Boeotia, Greece, 228 men, women and children are massacred by German troops.

• 1944 In baseball, 15-year-old Joe Nuxhall of the Cincinnati Reds becomes the youngest player ever in a major-league game.

• 1945 World War II: Australian Imperial Forces land in Brunei Bay to liberate Brunei.

• 1947 Saab produces its first automobile.

• 1957 John Diefenbaker leads the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada to a stunning upset in the 1957 Canadian federal election, ending 22 years of Liberal Party government.

• 1960 Trans Australia Airlines Flight 538 crashes near Mackay Airport in Mackay, Queensland, Australia, killing 29.

• 1963 The Equal Pay Act of 1963, aimed at abolishing wage disparity based on sex, is signed into law by John F. Kennedy as part of his New Frontier Program.

• 1964 United States Senate breaks a 75-day filibuster against the Civil Rights Act of 1964, leading to the bill's passage.

• 1967 The Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.

• 1977 James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Penitentiary in Petros, Tennessee. He is recaptured three days later.

• 1980 The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a call to fight from their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.

• 1982 Lebanon War: The Syrian Arab Army defeats the Israeli Defense Forces in the Battle of Sultan Yacoub.

• 1987 June Democratic Struggle: The June Democratic Struggle starts in South Korea, and people protest against the government.

• 1990 British Airways Flight 5390 lands safely at Southampton Airport after a blowout in the cockpit causes the captain to be partially sucked from the cockpit. There are no fatalities.

• 1991 Eleven-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard is kidnapped in South Lake Tahoe, California; she would remain a captive until 2009.

• 1994 China conducts a nuclear test for DF-31 warhead at Area C (Beishan), Lop Nur, its prominence being due to the Cox Report.

• 1996 Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without the participation of Sinn Féin.

• 1997 Before fleeing his northern stronghold, Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief Son Sen and 11 of Sen's family members.

• 1999 Kosovo War: NATO suspends its airstrikes after Slobodan Milošević agrees to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.

• 2001 Pope John Paul II canonizes Lebanon's first female saint, Saint Rafqa.

• 2002 The first direct electronic communication experiment between the nervous systems of two humans is carried out by Kevin Warwick in the United Kingdom.

• 2003 The Spirit rover is launched, beginning NASA's Mars Exploration Rover mission.

• 2008 Sudan Airways Flight 109 crashes at Khartoum International Airport, killing 30 people.

• 2009 Eighty-eight year-old James Wenneker von Brunn opens fire inside the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and fatally shoots Museum Special Police Officer Stephen Tyrone Johns. Other security guards returned fire, wounding von Brunn, who was apprehended.

• 2018 The Opportunity rover sends its last message back to Earth. The mission was finally declared over on February 13, 2019.

• 2024 A plane crash in Malawi leaves 10 people dead, including the country's Vice President Saulos Chilima.

• 2025 Eleven people are killed, including the perpetrator, and eleven others are injured, in a mass shooting at a secondary school in Graz, Austria.

Births

Pre-1600

• 867 Emperor Uda of Japan (died 931)

• 940 Abu al-Wafa' Buzjani, Persian mathematician and astronomer (died 998)

• 1213 Fakhr-al-Din Iraqi, Persian poet and philosopher (died 1289)

• 1465 Mercurino Gattinara, Italian statesman and jurist (died 1530)

• 1513 Louis, Duke of Montpensier (1561–1582) (died 1582)

• 1557 Leandro Bassano, Italian painter (died 1622)

1601–1900

• 1632 Esprit Fléchier, French bishop and author (died 1710)

• 1688 James Francis Edward Stuart, claimant to the English and Scottish throne (died 1766)

• 1713 Princess Caroline of Great Britain (died 1757)

• 1716 Carl Gustaf Ekeberg, Swedish physician and explorer (died 1784)

• 1753 William Eustis, American physician and politician, 12th Governor of Massachusetts (died 1825)

• 1804 Hermann Schlegel, German ornithologist and herpetologist (died 1884)

• 1819 Gustave Courbet, French-Swiss painter and sculptor (died 1877)

• 1825 Sondre Norheim, Norwegian-American skier (died 1897)

• 1832 Edwin Arnold, English poet and journalist (died 1904)

• 1832 Nicolaus Otto, German engineer (died 1891)

• 1832 Stephen Mosher Wood, American lieutenant and politician (died 1920)

• 1835 Rebecca Latimer Felton, American educator and politician (died 1930)

• 1839 Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg, Danish lawyer and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Denmark (died 1912)

• 1840 Theodor Philipsen, Danish painter (died 1920)

• 1843 Heinrich von Herzogenberg, Austrian composer and conductor (died 1900)

• 1851 Cora Agnes Benneson, American attorney (died 1919)

• 1854 Sarah Grand, Irish feminist writer (died 1943)

• 1859 Emanuel Nobel, Swedish-Russian businessman (died 1932)

• 1862 Mrs. Leslie Carter, American actress (died 1937)

• 1863 Louis Couperus, Dutch author and poet (died 1923)

• 1864 Ninian Comper, Scottish architect (died 1960)

• 1865 Frederick Cook, American physician and explorer (died 1940)

• 1878 Margarito Bautista, Nahua-Mexican evangelizer, theologian, and religious founder (died 1961)

• 1880 André Derain, French painter and sculptor (died 1954)

• 1882 Nils Økland, Norwegian Esperantist and teacher (died 1969)

• 1884 Leone Sextus Tollemache, English captain (died 1917)

• 1886 Sessue Hayakawa, Japanese actor and producer (died 1973)

• 1891 Al Dubin, Swiss-American songwriter (died 1945)

• 1893 Hattie McDaniel, American actress (died 1952)

• 1897 Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (died 1918)

• 1898 Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt (died 1983)

• 1899 Stanisław Czaykowski, Polish racing driver (died 1933)

1901–present

• 1901 Frederick Loewe, Austrian-American composer (died 1988)

• 1904 Lin Huiyin, Chinese architect and poet (died 1955)

• 1907 Fairfield Porter, American painter and critic (died 1975)

• 1907 Dicky Wells, American jazz trombonist (died 1985)

• 1909 Lang Hancock, Australian soldier and businessman (died 1992)

• 1910 Frank Demaree, American baseball player and manager (died 1958)

• 1910 Howlin' Wolf, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1976)

• 1911 Ralph Kirkpatrick, American harpsichord player and musicologist (died 1984)

• 1911 Terence Rattigan, English playwright and screenwriter (died 1977)

• 1912 Jean Lesage, Canadian lawyer and politician, 11th Premier of Quebec (died 1980)

• 1913 Tikhon Khrennikov, Russian pianist and composer (died 2007)

• 1913 Benjamin Shapira, German-Israeli biochemist and academic (died 1993)

• 1914 Oktay Rıfat Horozcu, Turkish poet and playwright (died 1988)

• 1915 Saul Bellow, Canadian-American novelist, essayist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2005)

• 1916 Peride Celal, Turkish author (died 2013)

• 1916 William Rosenberg, American entrepreneur, founded Dunkin' Donuts (died 2002)

• 1918 Patachou, French singer and actress (died 2015)

• 1918 Barry Morse, English-Canadian actor and director (died 2008)

• 1919 Haidar Abdel-Shafi, Palestinian physician and politician (died 2007)

• 1919 Kevin O'Flanagan, Irish footballer, rugby player, and physician (died 2006)

• 1921 Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Prince of the United Kingdom, Prince of Greece and Denmark, Consort of Queen Elizabeth II (died 2021)

• 1921 Jean Robic, French cyclist (died 1980)

• 1922 Judy Garland, American actress and singer (died 1969)

• 1922 Bill Kerr, South African-Australian actor (died 2014)

• 1922 Mitchell Wallace, Australian rugby league player (died 2016)

• 1923 Paul Brunelle, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1994)

• 1923 Robert Maxwell, Czech-English captain, publisher, and politician (died 1991)

• 1924 Friedrich L. Bauer, German mathematician, computer scientist, and academic (died 2015)

• 1925 Leo Gravelle, Canadian ice hockey player (died 2013)

• 1925 Nat Hentoff, American historian, author, and journalist (died 2017)

• 1925 James Salter, American novelist and short-story writer (died 2015)

• 1926 Bruno Bartoletti, Italian conductor (died 2013)

• 1926 Lionel Jeffries, English actor, screenwriter and film director (died 2010)

• 1927 Claudio Gilberto Froehlich, Brazilian zoologist (died 2023)

• 1927 László Kubala, Hungarian footballer, coach, and manager (died 2002)

• 1927 Lin Yang-kang, Chinese politician, 29th Vice Premier of the Republic of China (died 2013)

• 1927 Johnny Orr, American basketball player and coach (died 2013)

• 1927 Eugene Parker, American astrophysicist and academic (died 2022)

• 1928 Maurice Sendak, American author and illustrator (died 2012)

• 1929 James McDivitt, American general, pilot, and astronaut (died 2022)

• 1929 Ian Sinclair, Australian farmer and politician, 42nd Australian Minister for Defence

• 1929 Thomas Taylor, Baron Taylor of Blackburn, British Labour Party politician (died 2016)

• 1929 E. O. Wilson, American biologist, author, and academic (died 2021)

• 1930 Aranka Siegal, Czech-American author and Holocaust survivor

• 1930 Carmen Cozza, American baseball and football player (died 2018)

• 1930 Theo Sommer, German journalist (died 2022)

• 1930 Chen Xitong, Chinese politician, 8th Mayor of Beijing (died 2013)

• 1931 Bryan Cartledge, English academic and diplomat, British Ambassador to Russia

• 1931 João Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2019)

• 1932 Pierre Cartier, French mathematician and academic (died 2024)

• 1933 Chuck Fairbanks, American football player and coach (died 2013)

• 1933 F. Lee Bailey, American criminal defense attorney (died 2021)

• 1934 Peter Gibson, English lawyer and judge

• 1934 Tom Pendry, Baron Pendry, English politician (died 2023)

• 1935 Vic Elford, English racing driver (died 2022)

• 1935 Lu Jiaxi, Chinese self-taught mathematician (died 1983)

• 1935 Yoshihiro Tatsumi, Japanese author and illustrator (died 2015)

• 1936 Marion Chesney, Scottish novelist, (a.k.a. M.C. Beaton) (died 2019)

• 1938 Rahul Bajaj, Indian businessman and politician (died 2022)

• 1938 Violetta Villas, Belgian-Polish singer-songwriter and actress (died 2011)

• 1938 Vasanti N. Bhat-Nayak, Indian mathematician and academic (died 2009)

• 1940 Augie Auer, American-New Zealand meteorologist (died 2007)

• 1940 John Stevens, English drummer (died 1994)

• 1941 Mickey Jones, American drummer (died 2018)

• 1941 Shirley Owens, American singer

• 1941 Jürgen Prochnow, German actor

• 1941 David Walker, Australian racing driver

• 1942 Gordon Burns, Northern Irish journalist

• 1942 Chantal Goya, French singer and actress

• 1942 Arthur Hamilton, Lord Hamilton, Scottish lawyer and judge

• 1942 Preston Manning, Canadian politician

• 1943 Simon Jenkins, English journalist and author

• 1943 Sigríður Jóhannesdóttir, Icelandic politician

• 1944 Ze'ev Friedman, Polish-Israeli weightlifter (died 1972)

• 1944 Rick Price, English rock bass player (died 2022)

• 1947 Michel Bastarache, Canadian businessman, lawyer, and jurist

• 1947 Ken Singleton, American baseball player and sportscaster

• 1947 Robert Wright, English air marshal

• 1950 Elías Sosa, Dominican-American baseball player

• 1951 Dan Fouts, American football player and sportscaster

• 1951 Tony Mundine, Australian boxer

• 1951 Burglinde Pollak, German pentathlete

• 1952 Kage Baker, American author (died 2010)

• 1953 Eileen Cooper, English painter and academic

• 1953 John Edwards, American lawyer and politician

• 1953 Garry Hynes, Irish director and producer

• 1953 Don Maitz, American artist

• 1953 Christine St-Pierre, Canadian journalist and politician

• 1954 Moya Greene, Canadian businesswoman

• 1954 Rich Hall, American actor, producer, and screenwriter

• 1955 Annette Schavan, German theologian and politician

• 1955 Andrew Stevens, American actor and producer

• 1958 Elain Harwood, English architectural historian (died 2023)

• 1958 Yu Suzuki, Japanese game designer and producer

• 1959 Carlo Ancelotti, Italian footballer and manager

• 1959 Ernie C, American heavy metal guitarist, songwriter, and producer

• 1959 Eliot Spitzer, American lawyer and politician, 54th Governor of New York

• 1960 Nandamuri Balakrishna, Indian film actor and politician

• 1961 Kim Deal, American singer-songwriter and musician

• 1961 Maxi Priest, English singer-songwriter

• 1962 Gina Gershon, American actress, singer and author

• 1962 Anderson Bigode Herzer, Brazilian poet and author (died 1982)

• 1962 Wong Ka Kui, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1993)

• 1962 Tzi Ma, Hong Kong American character actor

• 1962 Brent Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

• 1963 Brad Henry, American lawyer and politician, 26th Governor of Oklahoma

• 1963 Jeanne Tripplehorn, American actress

• 1965 Susanne Albers, German computer scientist and academic

• 1965 Elizabeth Hurley, English model, actress, and producer

• 1965 Joey Santiago, American alternative rock musician

• 1966 David Platt, English footballer and manager

• 1967 Emma Anderson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1967 Darren Robinson, American rapper (died 1995)

• 1967 Elizabeth Wettlaufer, Canadian nurse and serial killer

• 1968 Bill Burr, American comedian and actor

• 1968 Derek Dooley, American football player and coach

• 1969 Craig Hancock, Australian rugby league player

• 1969 Ronny Johnsen, Norwegian footballer

• 1969 Kate Snow, American journalist

• 1970 Mike Doughty, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1970 Katsuhiro Harada, Japanese game designer, director, and producer

• 1970 Alex Santos, Filipino journalist

• 1970 Shane Whereat, Australian rugby league player

• 1970 Sarah Wixey, Welsh sport shooter

• 1971 JoJo Hailey, American singer

• 1971 Bobby Jindal, American journalist and politician, 55th Governor of Louisiana

• 1971 Bruno Ngotty, French footballer

• 1971 Erik Rutan, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1971 Kyle Sandilands, Australian radio and television host

• 1972 Steven Fischer, American director and producer

• 1972 Radmila Šekerinska, Macedonian politician, Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia

• 1972 Sundar Pichai, Indian-American businessman

• 1972 Eric Upashantha, Sri Lankan cricketer

• 1973 Faith Evans, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress

• 1973 Flesh-n-Bone, American rapper and actor

• 1973 Pokey Reese, American baseball player

• 1974 Dustin Lance Black, American screenwriter, director, film and television producer, and LGBT rights activist

• 1975 Henrik Pedersen, Danish footballer

• 1976 Alari Lell, Estonian footballer

• 1976 Esther Ouwehand, Dutch politician

• 1976 Hadi Saei, Iranian martial artist

• 1977 Adam Darski (Nergal), Polish singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1977 Mike Rosenthal, American football player and coach

• 1978 Raheem Brock, American football player

• 1978 Subhash Khot, Indian-American mathematician and computer scientist

• 1979 Evgeni Borounov, Russian ice dancer and coach

• 1979 Kostas Louboutis, Greek footballer

• 1980 Jessica DiCicco, American actress and voice actress

• 1980 Matuzalém, Brazilian footballer

• 1980 Ovie Mughelli, American football player

• 1980 Dmitri Uchaykin, Russian ice hockey player (died 2013)

• 1980 Daniele Seccarecci, Italian bodybuilder (died 2013)

• 1981 Mat Jackson, English racing driver

• 1981 Albie Morkel, South African cricketer

• 1981 Andrey Yepishin, Russian sprinter

• 1982 Tara Lipinski, American figure skater

• 1982 Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland

• 1982 Ana Lúcia Souza, Brazilian ballerina and journalist

• 1983 Jade Bailey, Barbadian athlete

• 1983 Marion Barber III, American football player (died 2022)

• 1983 Aaron Davey, Australian footballer

• 1983 Leelee Sobieski, American actress and producer

• 1983 Steve von Bergen, Swiss footballer

• 1984 Johanna Kedzierski, German sprinter

• 1984 Dirk Van Tichelt, Belgian martial artist

• 1984 Betsy Sodaro, American actress

• 1985 Richard Chambers, Irish rower

• 1985 Celina Jade, Hong Kong-American actress

• 1985 Kaia Kanepi, Estonian tennis player

• 1985 Dane Nielsen, Australian rugby league player

• 1985 Andy Schleck, Luxembourger cyclist

• 1985 Vasilis Torosidis, Greek footballer

• 1986 Al Alburquerque, Dominican baseball player

• 1986 Marco Andreolli, Italian footballer

• 1987 Martin Harnik, German-Austrian footballer

• 1987 James Maynard, British mathematician

• 1987 Amobi Okoye, Nigerian-American football player

• 1988 Jeff Teague, American basketball player

• 1989 David Miller, South African cricketer

• 1989 Mustapha Carayol, Gambian footballer

• 1989 Alexandra Stan, Romanian singer-songwriter, dancer, and model

• 1991 Alexa Scimeca Knierim, American figure skater

• 1992 Kate Upton, American model and actress

• 1996 Wen Junhui, Chinese singer and actor

• 1997 Cheung Ka-long, Hong Kong foil fencer, 2020 Olympic champion

• 1998 Ryan Papenhuyzen, Australian rugby league player

• 1999 Rafael Leão, Portuguese footballer

• 1999 Blanche, Belgian singer

• 2001 Julien Alfred, Saint Lucian sprinter

Deaths

Pre-1600

• AD 38 Julia Drusilla, Roman sister of Caligula (born 16 AD)

• 223 Liu Bei, Chinese emperor (born 161)

• 779 Emperor Daizong of Tang (born 727)

• 754 Abul Abbas al-Saffah, Muslim caliph (born 721)

• 871 Odo I, Frankish nobleman

• 903 Cheng Rui, Chinese warlord

• 932 Dong Zhang, Chinese general

• 942 Liu Yan, emperor of Southern Han (born 889)

• 1075 Ernest, Margrave of Austria (born 1027)

• 1141 Richenza of Northeim (born 1087)

• 1190 Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1122)

• 1261 Matilda of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (born 1210)

• 1338 Kitabatake Akiie, Japanese governor (born 1318)

• 1364 Agnes of Austria (born 1281)

• 1424 Ernest, Duke of Austria (born 1377)

• 1437 Joan of Navarre, Queen of England (born 1370)

• 1468 Idris Imad al-Din, supreme leader of Tayyibi Isma'ilism, scholar and historian (born 1392)

• 1552 Alexander Barclay, English poet and author (born 1476)

• 1556 Martin Agricola, German composer and theorist (born 1486)

• 1580 Luís de Camões, Portuguese poet (born 1524–25)

1601–1900

• 1604 Isabella Andreini, Italian actress (born 1562)

• 1607 John Popham, English politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (born 1531)

• 1654 Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor (born 1598)

• 1680 Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna, Swedish lawyer and politician (born 1635)

• 1692 Bridget Bishop, Colonial Massachusetts woman hanged as a witch during the Salem witch trials (born 1632)

• 1735 Thomas Hearne, English historian and author (born 1678)

• 1753 Joachim Ludwig Schultheiss von Unfriedt, German architect (born 1678)

• 1776 Hsinbyushin, Burmese king (born 1736)

• 1776 Leopold Widhalm, Austrian instrument maker (born 1722)

• 1791 Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte, French admiral (born 1720)

• 1811 Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden (born 1728)

• 1831 Hans Karl von Diebitsch, Prussian-Russian field marshal (born 1785)

• 1836 André-Marie Ampère, French physicist and mathematician (born 1775)

• 1849 Thomas Robert Bugeaud, French general and politician (born 1784)

• 1849 Robert Brown, Scottish botanist (born 1773)

• 1868 Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia (born 1823)

• 1899 Ernest Chausson, French composer (born 1855)

1901–present

• 1901 Robert Williams Buchanan, Scottish poet, author, and playwright (born 1841)

• 1902 Jacint Verdaguer, Catalan priest and poet (born 1845)

• 1906 Richard Seddon, English-New Zealand politician, 15th Prime Minister of New Zealand (born 1845)

• 1909 Edward Everett Hale, American minister, historian, and author (born 1822)

• 1914 Ödön Lechner, Hungarian architect (born 1845)

• 1918 Arrigo Boito, Italian author, poet, and composer (born 1842)

• 1923 Pierre Loti, French soldier and author (born 1850)

• 1924 Giacomo Matteotti, Italian lawyer and politician (born 1885)

• 1926 Antoni Gaudí, Spanish architect, designed the Park Güell (born 1852)

• 1930 Adolf von Harnack, German historian and theologian (born 1851)

• 1934 Frederick Delius, English composer and educator (born 1862)

• 1936 John Bowser, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of Victoria (born 1856)

• 1937 Robert Borden, Canadian lawyer and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Canada (born 1854)

• 1939 Albert Ogilvie, Australian politician, 28th Premier of Tasmania (born 1890)

• 1940 Marcus Garvey, Jamaican journalist and activist, founded the Black Star Line (born 1887)

• 1944 Willem Jacob van Stockum, Dutch mathematician and academic (born 1910)

• 1946 Jack Johnson, American boxer (born 1878)

• 1947 Alexander Bethune, Canadian businessman and politician, 12th Mayor of Vancouver (born 1852)

• 1949 Sigrid Undset, Danish-Norwegian novelist, essayist, and translator, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1882)

• 1955 Margaret Abbott, Indian-American golfer (born 1876)

• 1958 Angelina Weld Grimké, American journalist, poet, and playwright (born 1880)

• 1959 Zoltán Meskó, Hungarian politician (born 1883)

• 1963 Timothy Birdsall, English cartoonist (born 1936)

• 1965 Vahap Özaltay, Turkish footballer and manager (born 1908)

• 1967 Spencer Tracy, American actor (born 1900)

• 1971 Michael Rennie, English actor (born 1909)

• 1973 William Inge, American playwright and novelist (born 1913)

• 1974 Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (born 1900)

• 1976 Adolph Zukor, American film producer, co-founded Paramount Pictures (born 1873)

• 1982 Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1945)

• 1984 Halide Nusret Zorlutuna, Turkish author and poet (born 1901)

• 1986 Merle Miller, American author and playwright (born 1919)

• 1987 Elizabeth Hartman, American actress (born 1943)

• 1988 Louis L'Amour, American novelist and short story writer (born 1908)

• 1991 Jean Bruller, French author and illustrator, co-founded Les Éditions de Minuit (born 1902)

• 1992 Hachidai Nakamura, Chinese-Japanese pianist and composer (born 1931)

• 1993 Les Dawson, English comedian, actor, writer and presenter (born 1931)

• 1996 George Hees, Canadian soldier, football player, and politician (born 1910)

• 1996 Jo Van Fleet, American actress (born 1915)

• 1998 Jim Hearn, American baseball player (born 1921)

• 1998 Hammond Innes, English author (born 1913)

• 2000 Hafez al-Assad, Syrian general and politician, 18th President of Syria (born 1930)

• 2000 Brian Statham, English cricketer (born 1930)

• 2001 Leila Pahlavi, Princess of Iran (born 1970)

• 2002 John Gotti, American mobster (born 1940)

• 2003 Donald Regan, American colonel and politician, 11th White House Chief of Staff (born 1918)

• 2003 Bernard Williams, English philosopher and academic (born 1929)

• 2003 Phil Williams, Welsh academic and politician (born 1939)

• 2004 Ray Charles, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (born 1930)

• 2004 Odette Laure, French actress and singer (born 1917)

• 2004 Xenophon Zolotas, Greek economist and politician, 177th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1904)

• 2005 Curtis Pitts, American aircraft designer, designed the Pitts Special (born 1915)

• 2007 Augie Auer, American-New Zealand meteorologist (born 1940)

• 2008 Chinghiz Aitmatov, Kyrgyzstani author and diplomat (born 1928)

• 2009 Stelios Skevofilakas, Greek footballer (born 1940)

• 2010 Basil Schott, American archbishop (born 1939)

• 2010 Sigmar Polke, German painter and photographer (born 1941)

• 2011 Brian Lenihan Jnr, Irish lawyer and politician, 25th Irish Minister for Finance (born 1959)

• 2012 Piero Bellugi, Italian conductor (born 1924)

• 2012 Warner Fusselle, American sportscaster (born 1944)

• 2012 Will Hoebee, Dutch songwriter and producer (born 1947)

• 2012 Georges Mathieu, French painter and academic (born 1921)

• 2012 Joshua Orwa Ojode, Kenyan politician (born 1958)

• 2012 George Saitoti, Kenyan economist and politician, 6th Vice-President of Kenya (born 1945)

• 2012 Sudono Salim, Chinese-Indonesian businessman, founded Bank Central Asia (born 1916)

• 2012 Gordon West, English footballer (born 1943)

• 2013 Doug Bailey, American political consultant (born 1933)

• 2013 Enrique Orizaola, Spanish footballer and coach (born 1922)

• 2013 Barbara Vucanovich, American lawyer and politician (born 1921)

• 2014 Marcello Alencar, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 57th Governor of Rio de Janeiro (born 1925)

• 2014 Gary Gilmour, Australian cricketer and manager (born 1951)

• 2014 Robert M. Grant, American theologian and academic (born 1917)

• 2014 Jack Lee, American radio host and politician (born 1920)

• 2015 Robert Chartoff, American film producer and philanthropist (born 1933)

• 2015 Wolfgang Jeschke, German author and publisher (born 1936)

• 2016 Christina Grimmie, American singer-songwriter (born 1994)

• 2016 Gordie Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1928)

• 2017 Julia Perez, Indonesian singer and actress (born 1980)

• 2018 Neal E. Boyd, American singer, winner of the 2008 season of America's Got Talent (born 1975)

• 2020 Claudell Washington, American baseball player (born 1954)

• 2023 Ted Kaczynski, American mathematician and domestic terrorist (born 1942)

2024 Victims in the 2024 Chikangawa Dornier 228 crash:

• Saulos Chilima, Malawian economist and politician (born 1973)

• Patricia Shanil Muluzi, Malawian teacher, politician, and former First Lady of Malawi (born 1964)

• 2024 Steele Hall, Australian politician, 36th Premier of South Australia (born 1928)

• 2025 Suchinda Kraprayoon, Thai army general, 19th Prime Minister of Thailand (born 1933)

• 2026 Bharathiraja, Indian film and television actor, writer, director, and producer (born 1941)

Holidays and observances

• World Art Nouveau Day (Worldwide)

Christian feast day:

• Bogumilus

• Blessed Diana degli Andalò

• Blessed Edward Poppe

• Getulius, Amancius, Cerealus and Primitivus

• Guardian Angel of Portugal

• John of Tobolsk (Russian Orthodox Church)

• Landry of Paris

• Maurinus of Cologne

• Maximus of Aveia (or of Aquila)

• Olivia

• June 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Portugal Day, also Day of Camões (Portugal and the Portuguese communities)

Notes

References

External links