Events

Pre-1600

• 4 Augustus adopts Tiberius.

• 221 Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and grants him the title of Caesar.

• 363 Roman emperor Julian is fatally wounded by Sassanid troops in a skirmish close to Samarra while retreating from his failed siege of Ctesiphon.

• 684 Pope Benedict II is consecrated as pope following imperial approval from the Byzantine Emperor. He is the last pope to require the confirmation of the emperor; the next popes require only that of the more closely situated exarch of Ravenna.

• 699 En no Ozuno, a Japanese mystic and apothecary who will later be regarded as the founder of the folk religion Shugendō, is banished to Izu Ōshima.

• 1243 Mongols under Baiju Noyan defeat the Seljuk Turks under Kaykhusraw II at the Battle of Köse Dağ. The Sultanate of Rum subsequently becomes a vassal to the Mongol Empire.

• 1243 Election of Pope Innocent IV following the death of Pope Celestine IV in 1241.

• 1295 Przemysł II crowned king of Poland, following Ducal period. The white eagle is added to the Polish coat of arms.

• 1407 Ulrich von Jungingen becomes Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights.

• 1409 Western Schism: The Roman Catholic Church is led into a double schism as Petros Philargos is crowned Pope Alexander V after the Council of Pisa, joining Pope Gregory XII in Rome and Pope Benedict XIII in Avignon.

• 1460 War of the Roses: Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, and Edward, Earl of March, land in England with a rebel army and march on London.

• 1483 Richard III becomes King of England.

• 1522 Ottomans begin the second Siege of Rhodes.

• 1539 Afghan Sur forces under Sher Shah Suri defeat a Mughal army under Humayun in the battle of Chausa.

• 1541 Francisco Pizarro is assassinated in Lima by the son of his former companion and later antagonist, Diego de Almagro the younger. Almagro is later caught and executed.

• 1579 Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory begins.

1601–1900

• 1656 A joined Hospitaller-Venetian fleet defeats a numerically superior Ottoman fleet in the battle of the Dardanelles.

• 1718 Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia, Peter the Great's son, mysteriously dies after being sentenced to death by his father for plotting against him.

• 1723 After a siege and bombardment by cannon, Baku surrenders to the Russians.

• 1740 A combined force of Spanish, free blacks and allied Indians defeat a British garrison at the Siege of Fort Mose near St. Augustine during the War of Jenkins' Ear.

• 1794 French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Fleurus marks the first successful military use of aircraft and turns the tide of the War of the First Coalition.

• 1830 William IV becomes king of Britain and Hanover following the death without surviving legitimate issue of his older brother George IV.

• 1843 Treaty of Nanking comes into effect; Hong Kong Island is ceded to the British "in perpetuity".

• 1848 End of the June Days Uprising in Paris, France.

• 1857 The first investiture of the Victoria Cross takes place in Hyde Park, London.

• 1886 Henri Moissan isolates elemental fluorine for the first time.

• 1889 Bangui is founded by Albert Dolisie and Alfred Uzac in what was then the upper reaches of the French Congo.

1901–present

• 1906 The first Grand Prix motor race is held at Le Mans.

• 1909 The Science Museum in London comes into existence as an independent entity.

• 1917 World War I: The American Expeditionary Forces begin to arrive in France. They will first enter combat in the Battle of Hamel on July 4.

• 1918 World War I: Allied forces under John J. Pershing and James Harbord defeat Imperial German forces under Wilhelm, German Crown Prince in the Battle of Belleau Wood.

• 1924 The American occupation of the Dominican Republic ends after eight years.

• 1934 United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Federal Credit Union Act, which establishes credit unions.

• 1936 Initial flight of the Focke-Wulf Fw 61, the first practical helicopter.

• 1940 World War II: Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Romania requiring it to cede Bessarabia and the northern part of Bukovina.

• 1941 World War II: Soviet planes bomb Kassa, Hungary (now Košice, Slovakia), giving Hungary the impetus to declare war the next day.

• 1942 The first flight of the Grumman F6F Hellcat.

• 1944 World War II: San Marino, a neutral state, is mistakenly bombed by the RAF based on faulty information, leading to 35 civilian deaths.

• 1944 World War II: The Battle of Osuchy in Osuchy, Poland, one of the largest battles between Nazi Germany and Polish resistance forces, ends with the defeat of the latter.

• 1945 The United Nations Charter is signed by 50 Allied nations in San Francisco, California.

• 1948 Cold War: The first supply flights are made in response to the Berlin Blockade.

• 1948 William Shockley files the original patent for the grown-junction transistor, the first bipolar junction transistor.

• 1952 The Pan-Malayan Labour Party is founded in Malaya, as a union of statewide labour parties.

• 1953 Lavrentiy Beria, head of MVD, is arrested by Nikita Khrushchev and other members of the Politburo.

• 1955 The South African Congress Alliance adopts the Freedom Charter at the Congress of the People in Kliptown.

• 1959 Swedish boxer Ingemar Johansson becomes world champion of heavyweight boxing, by defeating American Floyd Patterson on technical knockout after two minutes and three seconds in the third round at Yankee Stadium.

• 1960 The former British Protectorate of British Somaliland gains its independence as Somaliland.

• 1960 Madagascar gains its independence from France.

• 1963 Cold War: U.S. President John F. Kennedy gives his "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech, underlining the support of the United States for democratic West Germany shortly after Soviet-supported East Germany erected the Berlin Wall.

• 1967 Karol Wojtyła (later John Paul II) is made a cardinal by Pope Paul VI.

• 1974 The Universal Product Code is scanned for the first time to sell a package of Wrigley's chewing gum at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio.

• 1975 Two FBI agents and a member of the American Indian Movement are killed in a shootout on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota; Leonard Peltier is later convicted of the murders in a controversial trial.

• 1978 Air Canada Flight 189, flying to Toronto, overruns the runway and crashes into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. Two of the 107 passengers on board perish.

• 1981 Dan-Air Flight 240, flying to East Midlands Airport, crashes in Nailstone, Leicestershire. All three crew members perish.

• 1988 The first crash of an Airbus A320 occurs when Air France Flight 296Q crashes at Mulhouse–Habsheim Airfield in Habsheim, France, during an air show, killing three of the 136 people on board.

• 1991 Yugoslav Wars: The Yugoslav People's Army begins the Ten-Day War in Slovenia.

• 1995 Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani deposes his father Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, the Emir of Qatar, in a bloodless coup d'état.

• 1997 The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the Communications Decency Act violates the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.

• 1997 J. K. Rowling publishes the first of her Harry Potter novel series, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, in the United Kingdom.

• 2000 The Human Genome Project announces the completion of a "rough draft" sequence.

• 2003 The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Lawrence v. Texas that sex-based sodomy laws are unconstitutional.

• 2006 Mari Alkatiri, the first Prime Minister of East Timor, resigns after weeks of political unrest.

• 2007 Pope Benedict XVI reinstates the traditional laws of papal election in which a successful candidate must receive two-thirds of the votes.

• 2008 A suicide bomber dressed as an Iraqi policeman detonates an explosive vest, killing 25 people.

• 2012 The Waldo Canyon fire descends into the Mountain Shadows neighborhood in Colorado Springs, United States, burning 347 homes in a matter of hours and killing two people.

• 2013 Riots in China's Xinjiang region kill at least 36 people and injure 21 others.

• 2013 The U.S. Supreme Court rules, 5–4, that Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act is unconstitutional and in violation of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

• 2015 Five different terrorist attacks in France, Tunisia, Somalia, Kuwait, and Syria occur on what was dubbed Bloody Friday by international media. Upwards of 750 people are either killed or injured in these uncoordinated attacks.

• 2015 The U.S. Supreme Court rules, 5–4, that same-sex couples have a constitutional right to marriage under the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution.

• 2024 Julian Assange, founder of WikiLeaks, returns to Australia after pleading guilty to one charge of espionage in a Saipan court and subsequently being released by the United States Department of Justice.

Births

Pre-1600

• 12 BC Agrippa Postumus, Roman son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder (died 14)

• 1399 John, Count of Angoulême (died 1467)

• 1467 Ferdinand II of Naples (died 1496)

• 1575 Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (died 1612)

• 1581 San Pedro Claver, Spanish Jesuit saint (died 1654)

• 1600 Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, Spanish-born bishop and viceroy of New Spain (died 1659)

1601–1900

• 1681 Hedvig Sophia of Sweden (died 1708)

• 1689 Edward Holyoke, American pastor and academic (died 1769)

• 1694 Georg Brandt, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (died 1768)

• 1699 Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin, French businesswoman (died 1777)

• 1702 Philip Doddridge, English hymn-writer and educator (died 1751)

• 1703 Thomas Clap, American minister and academic (died 1767)

• 1726 Victor Amadeus III, King of Sardinia (died 1796)

• 1730 Charles Messier, French astronomer and academic (died 1817)

• 1764 Jan Paweł Łuszczewski, Polish politician (died 1812)

• 1786 Sunthorn Phu, Thai poet (died 1855)

• 1796 Jan Paweł Lelewel, Polish painter and engineer (died 1847)

• 1798 Wolfgang Menzel, German poet and critic (died 1873)

• 1817 Branwell Brontë, English painter and poet (died 1848)

• 1819 Abner Doubleday, American general (died 1893)

• 1821 Bartolomé Mitre, Argentinian soldier, journalist, and politician, 6th President of Argentina (died 1906)

• 1824 William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, Irish-Scottish physicist and engineer (died 1907)

• 1835 Thomas W. Knox, American journalist and author (died 1896)

• 1839 Sam Watkins, American soldier and author (died 1901)

• 1852 Daoud Corm, Lebanese painter (died 1930)

• 1854 Robert Laird Borden, Canadian lawyer and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Canada (died 1937)

• 1865 Bernard Berenson, Lithuanian-American historian and author (died 1959)

• 1866 George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, English archaeologist and banker, backer in the discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (died 1923)

• 1869 Martin Andersen Nexø, Danish journalist and author (died 1954)

• 1878 Leopold Löwenheim, German mathematician and logician (died 1957)

• 1880 Mitchell Lewis, American actor (died 1956)

• 1881 Ya'akov Cohen, Israeli linguist, poet, and playwright (died 1960)

• 1892 Pearl S. Buck, American novelist, essayist, short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1973)

• 1893 Dorothy Fuldheim, American journalist and news anchor (died 1989)

• 1895 George Hainsworth, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (died 1950)

• 1898 Willy Messerschmitt, German engineer and businessman (died 1978)

• 1898 Chesty Puller, US general (died 1971)

• 1899 Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (died 1918)

1901–present

• 1901 Stuart Symington, American lieutenant and politician, 1st United States Secretary of the Air Force (died 1988)

• 1902 Hugues Cuénod, Swiss tenor and educator (died 2010)

• 1903 Big Bill Broonzy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1958)

• 1904 Peter Lorre, Slovak-American actor and singer (died 1964)

• 1905 Lynd Ward, American author and illustrator (died 1985)

• 1906 Alberto Rabagliati, Italian singer (died 1974)

• 1906 Viktor Schreckengost, American sculptor and educator (died 2008)

• 1907 Debs Garms, American baseball player (died 1984)

• 1908 Salvador Allende, Chilean physician and politician, 29th President of Chile (died 1973)

• 1909 Colonel Tom Parker, Dutch-American talent manager, manager and promoter of Elvis Presley (died 1997)

• 1909 Wolfgang Reitherman, German-American animator, director, and producer (died 1985)

• 1911 Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American golfer and basketball player (died 1956)

• 1911 Bronisław Żurakowski, Polish pilot and engineer (died 2009)

• 1913 Aimé Césaire, French poet, author, and politician (died 2008)

• 1913 Maurice Wilkes, English computer scientist and physicist (died 2010)

• 1914 Laurie Lee, English author and poet (died 1997)

• 1914 Sultan Ahmad Nanupuri, Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and teacher (died 1997)

• 1914 Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark, European royalty (died 2001)

• 1915 Paul Castellano, American gangster (died 1985)

• 1915 George Haigh, English professional footballer (died 2019)

• 1915 Charlotte Zolotow, American author and poet (died 2013)

• 1915 – Willard Brown, American baseball player (died 1996)

• 1916 Virginia Satir, American psychotherapist and author (died 1988)

• 1916 Giuseppe Taddei, Italian actor and singer (died 2010)

• 1917 Idriz Ajeti, Albanian albanologist (died 2019)

• 1918 Leo Rosner, Polish-born Austrian Jewish musician (died 2008)

• 1918 Raleigh Rhodes, American combat fighter pilot (died 2007)

• 1918 J. B. Fuqua, American entrepreneur and philanthropist (died 2006)

• 1919 Richard Neustadt, American political scientist and academic (died 2003)

• 1919 Jimmy Newberry, American pitcher (died 1983)

• 1919 George Athan Billias, American historian (died 2018)

• 1919 Donald M. Ashton, English art director (died 2004)

• 1920 Jean-Pierre Roy, Canadian-American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster (died 2014)

• 1921 Violette Szabo, French-British secret agent (died 1945)

• 1921 Robert Everett, American computer scientist (died 2018)

• 1922 Walter Farley, American author (died 1989)

• 1922 Eleanor Parker, American actress (died 2013)

• 1922 Enzo Apicella, English artist, cartoonist, designer, and restaurateur (died 2018)

• 1923 Franz-Paul Decker, German conductor (died 2014)

• 1923 Ed Bearss, American military historian and author (died 2020)

• 1924 Kostas Axelos, Greek-French philosopher and author (died 2010)

• 1924 James W. McCord Jr., CIA officer (died 2017)

• 1925 Pavel Belyayev, Soviet soldier, pilot and cosmonaut (died 1970)

• 1925 Wolfgang Unzicker, German chess player (died 2006)

• 1925 Jean Frydman, French resistant and businessman (died 2021)

• 1926 Kenny Baker, American fiddler (died 2011)

• 1926 Mahendra Bhatnagar, Indian poet (died 2020)

• 1926 Fernando Mönckeberg Barros, Chilean surgeon

• 1926 Dinu Zamfirescu, Romanian politician

• 1927 Robert Kroetsch, Canadian author and poet (died 2011)

• 1928 Jacob Druckman, American composer and academic (died 1996)

• 1928 Yoshiro Nakamatsu, Japanese inventor

• 1928 Bill Sheffield, American politician; 5th Governor of Alaska (died 2022)

• 1928 Samuel Belzberg, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (died 2018)

• 1929 June Bronhill, Australian soprano and actress (died 2005)

• 1929 Fred Bruemmer, Latvian-Canadian photographer and author (died 2013)

• 1929 Milton Glaser, American illustrator and graphic designer (died 2020)

• 1930 Jackie Fargo, American wrestler and trainer (died 2013)

• 1930 Wolfgang Schwanitz, East German secret police (died 2022)

• 1931 Colin Wilson, English philosopher and author (died 2013)

• 1932 Dame Marguerite Pindling, Bahamian politician; Governor-General of the Bahamas

• 1932 Don Valentine, American venture capitalist (died 2019)

• 1933 Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor (died 2014)

• 1933 Gene Green, American baseball player (died 1981)

• 1933 David Winnick, English politician (died 2026)

• 1934 Dave Grusin, American pianist and composer

• 1934 Toru Goto, Japanese swimmer

• 1935 Carlo Facetti, Italian race car driver

• 1935 Sandro Riminucci, Italian basketball player

• 1936 Benjamin Adekunle, Nigerian general (died 2014)

• 1936 Hal Greer, American basketball player (died 2018)

• 1936 Robert Maclennan, Baron Maclennan of Rogart, Scottish politician (died 2020)

• 1936 Edith Pearlman, American short story writer (died 2023)

• 1936 Jean-Claude Turcotte, Canadian cardinal (died 2015)

• 1936 Nancy Willard, American author and poet (died 2017)

• 1937 Robert Coleman Richardson, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2013)

• 1937 Reggie Workman, American bassist and composer

• 1938 Neil Abercrombie, American sociologist and politician, 7th Governor of Hawaii

• 1938 Billy Davis Jr., American pop-soul singer

• 1938 Gerald North, American climatologist and academic

• 1939 Chuck Robb, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 64th Governor of Virginia

• 1939 Zainuddin Maidin, Malaysian politician (died 2018)

• 1941 Yves Beauchemin, Canadian author and academic

• 1942 J. J. Dillon, American wrestler and manager

• 1942 Gilberto Gil, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and politician, Brazilian Minister of Culture

• 1943 Georgie Fame, English singer, pianist, and keyboard player

• 1943 Warren Farrell, American author and educator

• 1943 Bill Robinson, American baseball player (died 2007)

• 1944 Gennady Zyuganov, Russian politician

• 1945 Issa al-Haadi al-Mahdi (Dwight York), American criminal, black supremacist, pedophile, convicted child molester, and musician

• 1946 Candace Pert, American neuroscientist and pharmacologist (died 2013)

• 1949 Fredric Brandt, American dermatologist and author (died 2015)

• 1949 Adrian Gurvitz, English singer-songwriter and producer

• 1949 Mary Styles Harris, American biologist and geneticist

• 1951 Gary Gilmour, Australian cricketer and manager (died 2014)

• 1952 Gordon McQueen, Scottish footballer and manager (died 2023)

• 1952 Olive Morris, Jamaican-English civil rights activist (died 1979)

• 1952 – Simon Mann, British military officer and mercenary (died 2025)

• 1954 Luis Arconada, Spanish footballer

• 1955 Mick Jones, English singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1955 Gedde Watanabe, American actor

• 1956 Chris Isaak, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor

• 1956 Catherine Samba-Panza, interim president of the Central African Republic

• 1956 Patrick Mercer, English colonel and politician

• 1957 Al Hunter Ashton, English actor and screenwriter (died 2007)

• 1957 Philippe Couillard, Canadian surgeon and politician, 31st Premier of Quebec

• 1957 Patty Smyth, American singer-songwriter and musician

• 1959 Mark McKinney, Canadian actor and screenwriter

• 1960 Mark Durkan, Irish politician

• 1961 Greg LeMond, American cyclist

• 1961 Terri Nunn, American singer-songwriter and actress

• 1962 Jerome Kersey, American basketball player and coach (died 2015)

• 1963 Mikhail Khodorkovsky, Russian-Swiss businessman and philanthropist

• 1963 Mark McClellan, American economist and politician

• 1963 Harriet Wheeler, English singer-songwriter

• 1964 Tommi Mäkinen, Finnish race car driver

• 1966 Dany Boon, French actor, director, and screenwriter

• 1966 Kirk McLean, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1966 Jürgen Reil, American drummer

• 1967 Inha Babakova, Ukrainian high jumper

• 1967 Olivier Dahan, French director and screenwriter

• 1968 Guðni Th. Jóhannesson, Icelandic lecturer and politician, 6th President of Iceland

• 1968 Paolo Maldini, Italian footballer

• 1968 Shannon Sharpe, American football player

• 1969 Colin Greenwood, English bass player and songwriter

• 1969 Ingrid Lempereur, Belgian swimmer

• 1969 Geir Moen, Norwegian sprinter

• 1969 Mike Myers, American baseball player

• 1970 Paul Thomas Anderson, American director, producer, and screenwriter

• 1970 Paul Bitok, Kenyan runner

• 1970 Irv Gotti, American record producer, co-founded Murder Inc Records (died 2025)

• 1970 Sean Hayes, American actor

• 1970 Matt Letscher, American actor and playwright

• 1970 Adam Ndlovu, Zimbabwean footballer (died 2012)

• 1970 Chris O'Donnell, American actor

• 1970 Nick Offerman, American actor

• 1971 Max Biaggi, Italian motorcycle racer

• 1972 Jai Taurima, Australian long jumper

• 1973 Gretchen Wilson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1974 Derek Jeter, American baseball player

• 1974 Jason Kendall, American baseball player

• 1975 Chris Armstrong, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1975 Terry Skiverton, English footballer and manager

• 1976 Ed Jovanovski, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1976 Pommie Mbangwa, Zimbabwean cricketer and sportscaster

• 1976 Chad Pennington, American football player and sportscaster

• 1976 Dave Rubin, American political commentator

• 1977 Quincy Lewis, American basketball player

• 1979 Ryō Fukuda, Japanese race car driver

• 1979 Walter Herrmann, Argentinian basketball player

• 1979 Ryan Tedder, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer

• 1980 Hamílton Hênio Ferreira Calheiros, Togolese footballer

• 1980 Michael Jackson, English footballer

• 1980 Jason Schwartzman, American actor and drummer

• 1980 Chris Shelton, American baseball player

• 1980 Michael Vick, American football player

• 1981 Natalya Antyukh, Russian sprinter and hurdler

• 1981 Paolo Cannavaro, Italian footballer

• 1981 Kanako Kondō, Japanese voice actress and singer

• 1981 Takashi Toritani, Japanese baseball player

• 1982 Zuzana Kučová, Slovak tennis player

• 1983 Vinícius Rodrigues Almeida, Brazilian footballer

• 1983 Nick Compton, South African-English cricketer

• 1983 Toyonoshima Daiki, Japanese sumo wrestler

• 1983 Felipe Melo, Brazilian footballer

• 1983 Antonio Rosati, Italian footballer

• 1984 J. J. Barea, Puerto Rican-American basketball player

• 1984 Yankuba Ceesay, Gambian footballer

• 1984 Elijah Dukes, American baseball player

• 1984 Raymond Felton, American basketball player

• 1984 Indila, French singer

• 1984 Priscah Jeptoo, Kenyan runner

• 1984 Aubrey Plaza, American actress

• 1984 Preslava, Bulgarian singer

• 1984 Deron Williams, American basketball player

• 1984 – Cody McLeod, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1985 Ogyen Trinley Dorje, Tibetan spiritual leader, 17th Karmapa Lama

• 1986 Duvier Riascos, Colombian footballer

• 1987 Carlos Iaconelli, Brazilian race car driver

• 1987 Samir Nasri, French footballer

• 1988 Oliver Stang, German footballer

• 1988 King Bach, Canadian-American actor, comedian, director, producer, writer and social media personality

• 1990 Belaynesh Oljira, Ethiopian runner

• 1990 Iman Shumpert, American basketball player

• 1990 Igor Subbotin, Estonian footballer

• 1990 – Brandon Sklenar, American actor

• 1991 Houssem Chemali, French footballer

• 1991 Diego Falcinelli, Italian footballer

• 1991 Dustin Martin, Australian rules footballer

• 1992 Joel Campbell, Costa Rican footballer

• 1992 Rudy Gobert, French basketball player

• 1992 Jennette McCurdy, American actress and singer-songwriter

• 1993 Ariana Grande, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress

• 1994 Hollie Arnold, English javelin thrower

• 1994 Leonard Carow, German actor

• 1997 Baek Ye-rin, South Korean singer

• 1997 Jacob Elordi, Australian actor

• 1997 Callum Taylor, English cricketer

• 1997 Ethan Bear, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1999 Connor Dewar, Canadian ice hockey player

• 2000 Ann Li, American tennis player

• 2002 Chandler Smith, American race car driver

• 2002 Manon Bannerman, Swiss singer and dancer

• 2004 Mikey Williams, American basketball player

• 2005 Princess Alexia of the Netherlands

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 116 BC Ptolemy VIII, king of Egypt

• 363 Julian the Apostate, Roman emperor (born 332)

• 405 Vigilius, bishop of Trent (born 353)

• 822 Saichō, Japanese Buddhist monk (born 767)

• 969 George El Mozahem, Egyptian martyr (born 940)

• 985 Ramiro III, king of León

• 1090 Jaromír, bishop of Prague

• 1095 Robert, bishop of Hereford

• 1265 Anne of Bohemia, duchess of Silesia (born 1203 or 1204)

• 1274 Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Persian scientist and writer (born 1201)

• 1487 John Argyropoulos, Byzantine philosopher and scholar (born 1415)

• 1541 Francisco Pizarro, Spanish explorer and politician, Governor of New Castile (born c. 1471)

• 1574 Gabriel de Lorges, Count of Montgomery, captain of the Scottish Guard of Henry II of France (born 1530)

1601–1900

• 1677 Francesco Buonamici, Italian architect, painter and engraver (born 1596)

• 1688 Ralph Cudworth, English philosopher and academic (born 1617)

• 1752 Giulio Alberoni, Spanish cardinal (born 1664)

• 1757 Maximilian Ulysses Browne, Austrian field marshal (born 1705)

• 1784 Caesar Rodney, American lawyer and politician, 4th Governor of Delaware (born 1728)

• 1793 Gilbert White, English ornithologist and ecologist (born 1720)

• 1795 Johannes Jährig, German linguist and translator (born 1747)

• 1798 James Dickey, Irish revolutionary (born 1776)

• 1808 Ludwik Tyszkiewicz, Polish poet and politician (born 1748)

• 1810 Joseph-Michel Montgolfier, French inventor, co-invented the hot air balloon (born 1740)

• 1830 George IV of the United Kingdom (born 1762)

• 1836 Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, French soldier and composer (born 1760)

• 1856 Max Stirner, German philosopher and author (born 1806)

• 1860 George Montgomery White, American politician (born 1828)

• 1870 Armand Barbès, French lawyer and politician (born 1809)

• 1878 Mercedes of Orléans, Queen Consort of King Alfonso XII of Spain (born 1860)

• 1879 Richard H. Anderson, American general (born 1821)

• 1883 Edward Sabine, Irish-English astronomer, geophysicist, and ornithologist (born 1788)

1901–present

• 1918 Peter Rosegger, Austrian poet and author (born 1843)

• 1922 Albert I, Prince of Monaco (born 1848)

• 1927 Armand Guillaumin, French painter (born 1841)

• 1932 Adelaide Ames, American astronomer and academic (born 1900)

• 1938 James Weldon Johnson, American poet, lawyer and politician (born 1871)

• 1938 Daria Pratt, American golfer (born 1859)

• 1939 Ford Madox Ford, English novelist, poet, and critic (born 1873)

• 1943 Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1868)

• 1945 Emil Hácha, Czech lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Czechoslovakia (born 1872)

• 1946 Max Kögel, German SS officer (born 1895)

• 1946 Yōsuke Matsuoka, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1880)

• 1947 R. B. Bennett, Canadian lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Canada (born 1870)

• 1949 Kim Koo, South Korean educator and politician, 13th President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea (born 1876)

• 1955 Engelbert Zaschka, German engineer (born 1895)

• 1956 Clifford Brown, American trumpet player and composer (born 1930)

• 1956 Richie Powell, American pianist (born 1931)

• 1957 Alfred Döblin, Polish-German physician and author (born 1878)

• 1957 Malcolm Lowry, English novelist and poet (born 1909)

• 1958 George Orton, Canadian runner and hurdler (born 1873)

• 1958 Andrija Štampar, Croatian physician and scholar (born 1888)

• 1964 Léo Dandurand, American-Canadian businessman (born 1889)

• 1967 Françoise Dorléac, French actress and singer (born 1942)

• 1975 Josemaría Escrivá, Spanish priest and saint (born 1902)

• 1979 Akwasi Afrifa, Ghanaian soldier and politician, 3rd Head of State of Ghana (born 1936)

• 1982 – Alexander Mitscherlich, German psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (born 1908)

• 1989 Howard Charles Green, Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Canadian Minister of Public Works (born 1895)

• 1990 Anni Blomqvist, Finnish author (born 1909)

• 1992 Buddy Rogers, American wrestler (born 1921)

• 1993 Roy Campanella, American baseball player and coach (born 1921)

• 1993 William H. Riker, American political scientist and academic (born 1920)

• 1994 Jahanara Imam, Bangladeshi author and activist (born 1929)

• 1996 Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (born 1958)

• 1996 Necmettin Hacıeminoğlu, Turkish linguist and academic (born 1932)

• 1997 Don Hutson, American football player and coach (born 1913)

• 1998 Hacı Sabancı, Turkish businessman and philanthropist (born 1935)

• 2001 Gina Cigna, French-Italian soprano (born 1900)

• 2002 Jay Berwanger, American football player (born 1914)

• 2002 Arnold Brown, English-Canadian 11th General of The Salvation Army (born 1913)

• 2002 Philip Whalen, American poet and novelist (born 1923)

• 2003 Marc-Vivien Foé, Cameroon footballer (born 1975)

• 2003 Denis Thatcher, English soldier and businessman (born 1915)

• 2003 Strom Thurmond, American general, lawyer, and politician, 103rd Governor of South Carolina (born 1902)

• 2004 Ott Arder, Estonian poet and translator (born 1950)

• 2004 Yash Johar, Indian film producer, founded Dharma Productions (born 1929)

• 2004 Naomi Shemer, Israeli singer-songwriter (born 1930)

• 2005 Tõnno Lepmets, Estonian basketball player (born 1938)

• 2005 Richard Whiteley, English journalist and game show host (born 1943)

• 2006 Tommy Wonder, Dutch magician (born 1953)

• 2007 Liz Claiborne, Belgian-American fashion designer, founded Liz Claiborne (born 1929)

• 2007 Joey Sadler, New Zealand rugby player (born 1914)

• 2010 Algirdas Brazauskas, Lithuanian engineer and politician, 4th President of Lithuania (born 1932)

• 2010 Harald Keres, Estonian physicist and academic (born 1912)

• 2011 Edith Fellows, American actress (born 1923)

• 2011 Jan van Beveren, Dutch footballer and coach (born 1948)

• 2012 Sverker Åström, Swedish diplomat, Swedish Permanent Representative to the United Nations (born 1915)

• 2012 Pat Cummings, American basketball player (born 1956)

• 2012 Nora Ephron, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1941)

• 2012 Mario O'Hara, Filipino director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1944)

• 2012 Doris Singleton, American actress (born 1919)

• 2013 Henrik Otto Donner, Finnish trumpet player and composer (born 1939)

• 2013 Edward Huggins Johnstone, Brazilian-American sergeant and judge (born 1922)

• 2013 Byron Looper, American politician (born 1964)

• 2013 Justin Miller, American baseball player (born 1977)

• 2013 Marc Rich, Belgian-American businessman (born 1934)

• 2014 Howard Baker, American lawyer, politician, and diplomat, 12th White House Chief of Staff (born 1925)

• 2014 Bill Frank, American-Canadian football player (born 1938)

• 2014 Rollin King, American businessman, co-founded Southwest Airlines (born 1931)

• 2014 Bob Mischak, American football player and coach (born 1932)

• 2014 Julius Rudel, Austrian-American conductor (born 1921)

• 2014 Mary Rodgers, American composer and author (born 1931)

• 2015 Yevgeny Primakov, Ukrainian-Russian journalist and politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Russia (born 1929)

• 2015 Chris Thompson, American screenwriter and producer (born 1952)

• 2019 Beth Chapman, American reality Television star, Bounty Hunter (born 1967)

• 2020 Milton Glaser, American graphic designer (born 1929)

• 2021 Mike Gravel, American politician (born 1930)

• 2022 Margaret Keane, American artist (born 1927)

• 2024 Taiki Matsuno, Japanese voice actor (born 1967)

• 2025 Carolyn McCarthy, American nurse and politician (born 1944)

• 2025 Bill Moyers, American journalist, 13th White House Press Secretary (born 1934)

• 2025 Lalo Schifrin, Argentinian pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1932)

• 2025 Takutai Tarsh Kemp, New Zealand politician (born 1975)

• 2026 Joe Doering, American professional wrestler (born 1982)

Holidays and observances

• Day of the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan

Christian feast day:

• Anthelm of Belley

• David the Dendrite

• Blessed Giacinto Longhin

• Hermogius

• Isabel Florence Hapgood (Episcopal Church)

• Jeremiah (Lutheran)

• John and Paul

• José María Robles Hurtado (one of Saints of the Cristero War)

• Josemaría Escrivá

• Mar Abhai (Syriac Orthodox Church)

• Pelagius of Córdoba

• Blessed Therese-Madeleine Fantou

• Vigilius of Trent

• June 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Somaliland from United Kingdom in 1960. (Somaliland)

• International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking (International)

• International Day in Support of Victims of Torture (International)

• World Refrigeration Day (International)

References

External links