Events

Pre-1600

• 625 The Muslim army under Muhammad suffers a defeat against the Quraysh in the battle of Uhud.

• 1400 The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official.

• 1540 Waltham Abbey in England is surrendered to King Henry VIII, the last religious community to be closed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.

• 1568 The Peace of Longjumeau is signed, ending the second phase of the French Wars of Religion.

1601–1900

• 1775 American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech "Give me liberty or give me death!" at St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia.

• 1801 Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death inside his bedroom at St. Michael's Castle.

• 1806 After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their Corps of Discovery begin their arduous journey home.

• 1821 Greek War of Independence: Battle and fall of city of Kalamata.

• 1839 A massive earthquake destroys the former capital Inwa of the Konbaung dynasty, present-day Myanmar.

• 1848 The ship John Wickliffe arrives at Port Chalmers carrying the first Scottish settlers for Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago province is founded.

• 1857 Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.

• 1862 American Civil War: The First Battle of Kernstown, Virginia, marks the start of Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign. Although a Confederate defeat, the engagement distracts Federal efforts to capture Richmond.

• 1868 The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.

• 1879 War of the Pacific: The Battle of Topáter, the first battle of the war, is fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia and Peru.

• 1885 Sino-French War: Chinese victory in the Battle of Phu Lam Tao near Hưng Hóa, northern Vietnam.

• 1888 In England, The Football League, the world's oldest professional association football league, meets for the first time.

• 1889 The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is established by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian, British India.

1901–present

• 1901 Emilio Aguinaldo, only President of the First Philippine Republic, is captured at Palanan, Isabela by the forces of American General Frederick Funston.

• 1905 Eleftherios Venizelos calls for Crete's union with Greece, and begins what is to be known as the Theriso revolt.

• 1909 Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.

• 1913 A tornado outbreak kills more than 240 people in the central United States, while an ongoing flood in the Ohio River watershed was killing 650 people.

• 1918 First World War: On the third day of the German Spring Offensive, the 10th Battalion of the Royal West Kent Regiment is annihilated with many of the men becoming prisoners of war.

• 1919 In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement.

• 1931 Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar are hanged for the killing of a deputy superintendent of police during the Indian independence movement.

• 1933 The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act of 1933, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.

• 1935 Signing of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.

• 1939 The Hungarian air force attacks the headquarters of the Slovak air force in Spišská Nová Ves, killing 13 people and beginning the Slovak–Hungarian War.

• 1940 The Lahore Resolution (Qarardad-e-Pakistan or Qarardad-e-Lahore) is put forward at the Annual General Convention of the All-India Muslim League.

• 1956 Pakistan becomes the first Islamic republic in the world. This date is now celebrated as Republic Day in Pakistan.

• 1965 NASA launches Gemini 3, the United States' first two-man space flight (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).

• 1977 The first of The Nixon Interviews (12 will be recorded over four weeks) is videotaped with British journalist David Frost interviewing former United States President Richard Nixon about the Watergate scandal and the Nixon tapes.

• 1978 The first UNIFIL troops arrive in Lebanon for a peacekeeping mission along the Blue Line.

• 1980 Archbishop Óscar Romero of El Salvador gives his famous speech appealing to men of the El Salvadoran armed forces to stop killing the Salvadorans.

• 1982 Guatemala's government, headed by Fernando Romeo Lucas García, is overthrown in a military coup by right-wing General Efraín Ríos Montt.

• 1983 Strategic Defense Initiative: President Ronald Reagan makes his initial proposal to develop technology to intercept enemy missiles.

• 1988 Angolan and Cuban forces defeat South Africa in the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale.

• 1991 The Revolutionary United Front, with support from the special forces of Charles Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia, invades Sierra Leone in an attempt to overthrow Joseph Saidu Momoh, sparking the 11-year Sierra Leone Civil War.

• 1994 At an election rally in Tijuana, Mexican presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated by Mario Aburto Martínez.

• 1994 A United States Air Force (USAF) F-16 aircraft collides with a USAF C-130 at Pope Air Force Base and then crashes, killing 24 United States Army soldiers on the ground alongside destroying a Starlifter by accident. This later became known as the Green Ramp disaster.

• 1994 Aeroflot Flight 593 crashes into the Kuznetsk Alatau mountain, Kemerovo Oblast, Russia, killing 75.

• 1996 Taiwan holds its first direct elections and chooses Lee Teng-hui as President.

• 1999 Gunmen assassinate Paraguay's Vice President Luis María Argaña.

• 2001 The Russian Mir space station is disposed of, breaking up in the atmosphere before falling into the southern Pacific Ocean near Fiji.

• 2003 Battle of Nasiriyah, first major conflict during the invasion of Iraq.

• 2008 Official opening of Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Hyderabad, India.

• 2009 FedEx Express Flight 80: A McDonnell Douglas MD-11 flying from Guangzhou, China crashes at Tokyo's Narita International Airport, killing both the captain and the co-pilot.

• 2010 The Affordable Care Act becomes law in the United States.

• 2014 The World Health Organization (WHO) reports cases of Ebola in the forested rural region of southeastern Guinea, marking the beginning of the largest Ebola outbreak in history.

• 2018 President of Peru Pedro Pablo Kuczynski resigns from the presidency amid a mass corruption scandal before certain impeachment by the opposition-majority Congress of Peru.

• 2019 The Kazakh capital of Astana is renamed to Nur-Sultan.

• 2019 The US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces capture the town of Baghuz in Eastern Syria, declaring military victory over the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant after four years of fighting, although the group maintains a scattered presence and sleeper cells across Syria and Iraq.

• 2020 Prime Minister Boris Johnson puts the United Kingdom into its first national lockdown in response to COVID-19.

• 2021 A container ship runs aground and obstructs the Suez Canal for six days.

• 2025 Israel Defense Forces kill 15 aid workers in the Rafah paramedic massacre.

• 2026 An Aerospace Force Lockheed C-130 crashes during take-off in Puerto Leguízamo, Colombia, killing 69 people.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1338 Emperor Go-Kōgon of Japan (died 1374)

• 1430 Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of England and disputed Queen Consort of France (died 1482)

• 1514 Lorenzino de' Medici, Italian writer and assassin (died 1548)

• 1599 Thomas Selle, German composer (died 1663)

1601–1900

• 1614 Jahanara Begum, Mughal princess (died 1681)

• 1643 Mary of Jesus de León y Delgado, Spanish Dominican lay sister and mystic (died 1731)

• 1732 Princess Marie Adélaïde of France (died 1800)

• 1749 Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (died 1827)

• 1750 Johannes Matthias Sperger, Austrian bassist and composer (died 1812)

• 1754 Jurij Vega, Slovene mathematician, physicist and artillery officer (died 1802)

• 1769 Augustin Daniel Belliard, French general and diplomat (died 1832)

• 1769 William Smith, English geologist and cartographer (died 1839)

• 1823 Schuyler Colfax, American journalist and politician, 17th Vice President of the United States (died 1885)

• 1826 Ludwig Minkus, Austrian violinist and composer (died 1917)

• 1834 Julius Reubke, German pianist and composer (died 1858)

• 1838 Marie Adam-Doerrer, Swiss women's rights activist and unionist (died 1908)

• 1842 Friedrich Amelung, Estonian-German historian, businessman and composer (died 1909)

• 1842 Susan Jane Cunningham, American mathematician (died 1921)

• 1858 Ludwig Quidde, German activist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1941)

• 1860 Horatio Bottomley, British politician and businessman (died 1933)

• 1862 Nathaniel Reed, American criminal (died 1950)

• 1868 Dietrich Eckart, German journalist and politician (died 1923)

• 1869 Calouste Gulbenkian, Turkish-Armenian businessman and philanthropist (died 1955)

• 1872 Michael Joseph Savage, Australian-New Zealand union leader and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1940)

• 1874 Grantley Goulding, English hurdler (died 1947)

• 1874 J. C. Leyendecker, German-American painter and illustrator (died 1951)

• 1876 Ziya Gökalp, Turkish sociologist, poet and activist (died 1924)

• 1876 Thakin Kodaw Hmaing, Burmese poet, writer and political leader (died 1964)

• 1878 Franz Schreker, Austrian composer and conductor (died 1934)

• 1880 Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish lawyer and politician, Finnish Minister of the Interior (died 1922)

• 1881 Lacey Hearn, American sprinter (died 1969)

• 1881 Roger Martin du Gard, French novelist and paleographer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1958)

• 1881 Hermann Staudinger, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1965)

• 1882 Emmy Noether, Jewish German-American mathematician, physicist and academic (died 1935)

• 1884 Joseph Boxhall, English sailor, officer aboard the Titanic (died 1967)

• 1885 Platt Adams, American jumper and politician (died 1961)

• 1885 Roque González Garza, Mexican general and acting president (1915) (died 1962)

• 1886 Frank Irons, American long jumper (died 1942)

• 1887 Josef Čapek, Czech painter and poet (died 1945)

• 1887 Rudolf Kinau, German author (died 1975)

• 1887 Juan Gris, Spanish painter and sculptor (died 1927)

• 1887 Sidney Hillman, Lithuanian-born American labor leader (died 1946)

• 1891 Po Kya, Burmese author and educationist (died 1942)

• 1893 Cedric Gibbons, Irish-American art director and production designer (died 1960)

• 1893 Gopalswamy Doraiswamy Naidu, Indian engineer and businessman (died 1974)

• 1894 Arthur Grimsdell, English international footballer and cricketer (died 1963)

• 1895 Encarnacion Alzona, Filipino historian and educator (died 2001)

• 1895 Dane Rudhyar, French-American astrologer, author and composer (died 1985)

• 1898 Louis Adamic, Slovenian-American author, translator and politician (died 1951)

• 1898 Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset, Duchess of Parma (died 1984)

• 1899 Dora Gerson, German actress and singer (died 1943)

• 1900 Erich Fromm, German psychologist and sociologist (died 1980)

1901–present

• 1901 Bhakti Hridaya Bon, Indian guru and religious writer (died 1982)

• 1903 Frank Sargeson, New Zealand writer (died 1982)

• 1905 Lale Andersen, German chanson singer-songwriter (died 1972)

• 1907 Daniel Bovet, Swiss-Italian pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1992)

• 1909 Charles Werner, American cartoonist (died 1997)

• 1910 Jerry Cornes, English runner, colonial officer and educator (died 2001)

• 1910 Akira Kurosawa, Japanese director, producer and screenwriter (died 1998)

• 1912 Eleanor Cameron, Canadian-American children's author and critic (died 1996)

• 1912 Neil McCorkell, English-South African cricketer and coach (died 2013)

• 1912 Wernher von Braun, German-American physicist and engineer, chief architect of the Saturn V launch vehicle (died 1977)

• 1913 Abidin Dino, Turko-French painter and illustrator (died 1993)

• 1914 Milbourne Christopher, American magician and author (died 1984)

• 1915 Mary Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe (died 2014)

• 1915 Vasily Zaytsev, Russian captain (died 1991)

• 1917 Harry Cranbrook Allen, English historian (died 1998)

• 1918 Stanley Armour Dunham, American sergeant (died 1992)

• 1918 Helene Hale, American politician (died 2013)

• 1918 Naoki Kazu, Japanese football player (died 1940s)

• 1919 Carl Graffunder, American architect and educator (died 2013)

• 1919 Subhadra Joshi, Indian freedom activist and politician (died 2003)

• 1920 Tetsuharu Kawakami, Japanese baseball player and manager (died 2013)

• 1920 Neal Edward Smith, American pilot, lawyer and politician (died 2021)

• 1921 Donald Campbell, English race car driver (died 1967)

• 1921 Peter Lawler, Australian public servant (died 2017)

• 1922 Marty Allen, American comedian and actor (died 2018)

• 1922 Ugo Tognazzi, Italian actor (died 1990)

• 1923 Angelo Ingrassia, American soldier and judge (died 2013)

• 1924 Rodney Mims Cook, Sr., American lieutenant and politician (died 2013)

• 1924 Olga Kennard, English crystallographer and academic (died 2023)

• 1924 John Madin, English architect (died 2012)

• 1924 Bette Nesmith Graham, American inventor of Liquid Paper (died 1980)

• 1925 David Watkin, English cinematographer (died 2008)

• 1928 Lee Sexton, American banjo player (died 2021)

• 1929 Roger Bannister, English middle-distance runner, neurologist and academic (died 2018)

• 1929 Michael Manser, English architect and engineer (died 2016)

• 1929 Mark Rydell, American actor, director and producer (died 2026)

• 1931 Yevgeny Grishin, Russian speed skater (died 2005)

• 1931 Viktor Korchnoi, Russian chess player and author (died 2016)

• 1931 Yevdokiya Mekshilo, Russian skier (died 2013)

• 1932 Don Marshall, Canadian ice hockey player (died 2024)

• 1933 Norman Bailey, English opera singer and educator (died 2021)

• 1933 Philip Zimbardo, American psychologist and academic (died 2024)

• 1934 Alan Baddeley, English psychologist

• 1934 Ludvig Faddeev, Russian mathematician and physicist (died 2017)

• 1935 Barry Cryer, English comedian, actor and screenwriter (died 2022)

• 1936 Jannis Kounellis, Greek painter and sculptor (died 2017)

• 1937 Craig Breedlove, American race car driver (died 2023)

• 1937 Tony Burton, American actor, comedian, boxer and football player (died 2016)

• 1937 Robert Gallo, American physician and academic

• 1938 Jon Finlayson, Australian actor and screenwriter (died 2012)

• 1942 Michael Haneke, Austrian director, producer and screenwriter

• 1942 Jimmy Miller, American record producer and musician (died 1994)

• 1942 Walter Rodney, Guyanese historian, scholar and activist (died 1980)

• 1943 Andrew Crockett, Scottish-English economist and banker (died 2012)

• 1943 Nils-Aslak Valkeapää, Finnish singer, author and director (died 2001)

• 1944 Tony McPhee, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2023)

• 1944 Michael Nyman, English composer of minimalist music and pianist

• 1944 Ric Ocasek, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer (died 2019)

• 1945 Franco Battiato, Italian singer-songwriter and director (died 2021)

• 1945 David Grisman, American mandolin player and composer

• 1946 Alan Bleasdale, English screenwriter and producer

• 1947 Elizabeth Ann Scarborough, American author

• 1948 Wasim Bari, Pakistani cricketer

• 1948 Marie Malavoy, German-Canadian educator and politician

• 1950 Corinne Cléry, French actress

• 1950 Phil Lanzon, English keyboard player and songwriter

• 1950 Ahdaf Soueif, Egyptian author and translator

• 1951 Ron Jaworski, American football player and sportscaster

• 1951 Adrian Reynard, English businessman, founded Reynard Motorsport

• 1952 Francesco Clemente, Italian painter and illustrator

• 1952 Kim Stanley Robinson, American author

• 1952 Rex Tillerson, American businessman, engineer and diplomat; 69th United States Secretary of State

• 1953 Bo Díaz, Venezuelan baseball player (died 1990)

• 1953 Chaka Khan, American singer-songwriter

• 1953 Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, Indian zoologist and businesswoman

• 1954 Geno Auriemma, Italian-American basketball player and coach

• 1954 Kenneth Cole, American fashion designer, founded Kenneth Cole Productions

• 1954 Mary Fee, Scottish Labour Party politician

• 1954 Paul Price, English-Welsh footballer and manager

• 1955 Moses Malone, American basketball player (died 2015)

• 1956 José Manuel Barroso, Portuguese academic and politician, 115th Prime Minister of Portugal

• 1957 Lucio Gutiérrez, Ecuadorian politician, 52nd President of Ecuador

• 1957 Robbie James, Welsh footballer and manager (died 1998)

• 1957 Amanda Plummer, American actress

• 1958 Etienne De Wilde, Belgian cyclist

• 1958 Hugh Grant, Scottish business executive

• 1958 Bengt-Åke Gustafsson, Swedish ice hockey player and coach

• 1959 Catherine Keener, American actress

• 1960 Haris Romas, Greek actor, screenwriter, and lyricist

• 1960 Nicol Stephen, Baron Stephen, Scottish lawyer and politician, 2nd Deputy First Minister of Scotland

• 1961 Roger Crisp, English philosopher and academic

• 1961 Craig Green, New Zealand rugby player

• 1961 Helmi Johannes, Indonesian journalist and producer

• 1962 Steve Redgrave, English rower

• 1963 Juan Ramón López Caro, Spanish footballer and manager

• 1963 Míchel, Spanish footballer and manager

• 1963 Ana Fidelia Quirot, Cuban runner

• 1964 Hope Davis, American actress

• 1965 Richard Grieco, American actor, artist, and model

• 1965 Gary Whitehead, American poet and painter

• 1966 Lorenzo Daniel, American sprinter

• 1966 Marin Hinkle, American actress

• 1966 Vasilis Vouzas, Greek footballer and manager

• 1968 Damon Albarn, English singer-songwriter, producer and actor

• 1968 Mike Atherton, English cricketer and journalist

• 1968 Fernando Hierro, Spanish footballer and manager

• 1968 Pierre Palmade, French actor and screenwriter

• 1970 Gianni Infantino, Swiss-Italian football administrator, president of FIFA

• 1971 Yasmeen Ghauri, Canadian model

• 1971 Gail Porter, Scottish model and television host

• 1971 Alexander Selivanov, Russian ice hockey player

• 1971 Hiroyoshi Tenzan, Japanese wrestler

• 1972 Jonas Björkman, Swedish-Monégasque tennis player and coach

• 1972 Joe Calzaghe, Welsh boxer

• 1972 Judith Godrèche, French actress and author

• 1973 Jerzy Dudek, Polish footballer

• 1973 Wim Eyckmans, Belgian race car driver

• 1973 Jason Kidd, American basketball player and coach

• 1973 Bojana Radulović, Serbian-Hungarian handball player

• 1974 Mark Hunt, New Zealand mixed martial artist

• 1974 Randall Park, American actor, director and screenwriter

• 1975 Burak Gürpınar, Turkish drummer

• 1975 Andy Turner, English footballer and manager

• 1976 Chris Hoy, Scottish cyclist

• 1976 Smriti Irani, Indian actress, producer and politician, Indian Minister of Human Resource Development

• 1976 Dougie Lampkin, English motorcycle racer

• 1976 Michelle Monaghan, American actress

• 1976 Joel Peralta, Dominican baseball player

• 1976 Keri Russell, American actress

• 1976 Benny Sa, Chinese television host

• 1976 Ricardo Zonta, Brazilian race car driver

• 1977 Miklos Perlus, Canadian actor and screenwriter

• 1978 Simon Gärdenfors, Swedish illustrator

• 1978 Perez Hilton, American blogger

• 1978 Walter Samuel, Argentine footballer

• 1978 Nicholle Tom, American actress

• 1978 Liu Ye, Chinese actor

• 1979 Mark Buehrle, American baseball player

• 1979 Donncha O'Callaghan, Irish rugby player

• 1981 Pavel Brendl, Czech ice hockey player

• 1981 Erin Crocker, American race car driver

• 1981 Tony Peña Jr., Dominican baseball player

• 1981 Shelley Rudman, English bobsledder

• 1981 Giuseppe Sculli, Italian footballer

• 1981 Brett Young, American singer-songwriter

• 1982 José Contreras Arrau, Chilean footballer

• 1982 Andrea Musacco, Italian footballer

• 1982 Evgeni Striganov, Estonian ice dancer

• 1983 Hakan Balta, Turkish footballer

• 1983 Mo Farah, Somali-English runner

• 1983 Sascha Riether, German footballer

• 1983 Jerome Thomas, English footballer

• 1984 Ryan Araña, Filipino basketball player

• 1984 Brandon Marshall, American football player

• 1985 Maurice Jones-Drew, American football player

• 1985 Bethanie Mattek-Sands, American tennis player

• 1986 Patrick Bordeleau, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1986 Andrea Dovizioso, Italian motorcycle racer

• 1986 Brett Eldredge, American singer-songwriter and musician

• 1986 Kangana Ranaut, Indian actress

• 1987 Alan Toovey, Australian footballer

• 1988 Dellin Betances, American baseball player

• 1988 Jason Kenny, English cyclist

• 1988 Michal Neuvirth, Czech ice hockey player

• 1989 Ayesha Curry, Canadian-American chef, author and television personality

• 1989 Nikola Gulan, Serbian footballer

• 1989 Luis Fernando Silva, Mexican footballer

• 1990 Jaime Alguersuari, Spanish race car driver

• 1990 Mark Barberio, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1990 Princess Eugenie, English royal

• 1990 Gordon Hayward, American basketball player

• 1990 Robert Zickert, German footballer

• 1991 Facundo Campazzo, Argentine basketball player

• 1991 Erik Haula, Finnish ice hockey player

• 1991 Gregg Wylde, Scottish footballer

• 1992 Tolga Ciğerci, German-Turkish footballer

• 1992 Kyrie Irving, Australian-American basketball player

• 1992 Vanessa Morgan, Canadian actress

• 1993 Quinn Cook, American basketball player

• 1993 Tomáš Hyka, Czech ice hockey player

• 1993 Dmitrij Jaškin, Russian-Czech ice hockey player

• 1993 Aytaç Kara, Turkish footballer

• 1994 Nick Powell, English footballer

• 1994 Oskar Sundqvist, Swedish ice hockey player

• 1994 Bridger Zadina, American actor

• 1995 Kevin Kauber, Estonian footballer

• 1995 Jan Lisiecki, Canadian pianist

• 1995 Victoria Pedretti, American actress

• 1995 Ozan Tufan, Turkish footballer

• 1996 Alexander Albon, Thai-British race car driver

• 1996 Joel Kiviranta, Finnish ice hockey player

• 1997 Ben Manenti, Australian cricketer

• 2001 Anna Hall, American world champion heptathlete

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 59 Agrippina the Younger, Roman empress (born 15)

• 851 Zhou Chi, Chinese historian and politician (born 793)

• 1022 Zhen Zong, Chinese emperor (born 968)

• 1103 Eudes I, duke of Burgundy (born 1058)

• 1361 Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, English politician, Lord High Steward of England (born 1310)

• 1369 Peter, king of Castile and León (born 1334)

• 1483 Yolande, duchess of Lorraine (born 1428)

• 1548 Itagaki Nobukata, Japanese samurai (born 1489)

• 1555 Julius III, pope of the Catholic Church (born 1487)

• 1559 Gelawdewos, Ethiopian emperor (born 1521)

• 1596 Henry Unton, English diplomat (born 1557)

1601–1900

• 1606 Justus Lipsius, Flemish philologist and scholar (born 1547)

• 1618 James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn, Scottish police officer and politician (born 1575)

• 1629 Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland, English landowner and politician (born 1580)

• 1675 Anthoni van Noordt, Dutch organist and composer (born 1619)

• 1680 Nicolas Fouquet, French politician (born 1615)

• 1712 Zebi Hirsch Kaidanover, Lithuanian-born rabbi and writer (born c. 1650)

• 1742 Jean-Baptiste Dubos, French historian and author (born 1670)

• 1747 Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French general (born 1675)

• 1748 Johann Gottfried Walther, German organist and composer (born 1684)

• 1754 Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian and critic (born 1693)

• 1783 Charles Carroll, English barrister and politician (born 1723)

• 1792 Luís António Verney, Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (born 1713)

• 1801 Paul I, Russian emperor (born 1754)

• 1842 Stendhal, French novelist (born 1783)

• 1862 Manuel Robles Pezuela, Unconstitutional Mexican interim president, 1858–1859 (born 1817)

• 1883 Arthur Macalister, Scottish-Australian politician, 2nd Premier of Queensland (born 1818)

• 1884 Henry C. Lord, American businessman (born 1824)

1901–present

• 1910 Nadar, French photographer, journalist, and author (born 1820)

• 1914 Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès, Lebanese saint (born 1832)

• 1923 Hovhannes Tumanyan, Armenian poet and author (born 1869)

• 1927 Paul César Helleu, French painter and etcher (born 1859)

• 1931 Shivaram Rajguru, Indian activist (born 1908)

• 1931 Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (born 1907)

• 1931 Sukhdev Thapar, Indian activist (born 1907)

• 1946 Gilbert N. Lewis, American chemist (born 1875)

• 1953 Raoul Dufy, French painter and illustrator (born 1877)

• 1953 Oskar Luts, Estonian author and playwright (born 1887)

• 1955 Artur Bernardes, Brazilian politician, 12th President of Brazil (born 1875)

• 1960 Franklin Pierce Adams, American journalist and author (born 1881)

• 1960 Said Nursî, Turkish theologian and scholar (born 1878)

• 1961 Albert Bloch, American painter and educator (born 1882)

• 1961 Jack Russell, English cricketer (born 1887)

• 1963 Thoralf Skolem, Norwegian mathematician and logician (born 1887)

• 1964 Peter Lorre, American actor (born 1904)

• 1965 Mae Murray, American actress, dancer, producer, and screenwriter (born 1885)

• 1967 Lalla Carlsen, Norwegian singer and actress (born 1889)

• 1968 Edwin O'Connor, American journalist and author (born 1918)

• 1972 Cristóbal Balenciaga, Spanish fashion designer, founded Balenciaga (born 1895)

• 1978 Haim Ernst Wertheimer, Israeli biochemist and academic (born 1893)

• 1978 Halyna Kuzmenko, Ukrainian teacher and anarchist revolutionary (born 1897)

• 1979 Ted Anderson, English footballer (born 1911)

• 1980 Arthur Melvin Okun, American economist and academic (born 1928)

• 1981 Beatrice Tinsley, English-New Zealand astronomer and cosmologist (born 1941)

• 1981 Mike Hailwood, English motorcyclist (born 1940)

• 1985 Richard Beeching, Baron Beeching, English physicist and engineer (born 1913)

• 1985 Peter Charanis, Greek-American scholar and educator (born 1908)

• 1986 Moshe Feinstein, American Orthodox Rabbi and posek (born 1895)

• 1987 Olev Roomet, Estonian singer and violinist (born 1901)

• 1990 John Dexter, English director and producer (born 1925)

• 1991 Margaret Atwood Judson, American historian and author (born 1899)

• 1991 Parkash Singh, Indian soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1913)

• 1992 Friedrich Hayek, Austrian-German economist, philosopher, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1899)

• 1992 Ron Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1949)

• 1994 Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican economist and politician (born 1950)

• 1994 Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (born 1921)

• 1995 Davie Cooper, Scottish footballer and coach (born 1956)

• 1999 Luis María Argaña, Paraguayan judge and politician, Vice President of Paraguay (born 1932)

• 1999 Osmond Borradaile, Canadian director and cinematographer (born 1898)

• 2001 Rowland Evans, American journalist (born 1921)

• 2001 Margaret Jones, British archaeologist (born 1916)

• 2001 Robert Laxalt, American author (born 1923)

• 2001 David McTaggart, Canadian badminton player and environmentalist (born 1932)

• 2002 Eileen Farrell, American soprano (born 1920)

• 2002 Ben Hollioake, Australian-English cricketer (born 1977)

• 2003 Fritz Spiegl, Austrian-English flute player and journalist (born 1926)

• 2004 Rupert Hamer, Australian soldier, lawyer, and politician, 39th Premier of Victoria (born 1916)

• 2006 David B. Bleak, American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1932)

• 2006 Desmond Doss, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1919)

• 2006 Cindy Walker, American singer-songwriter and dancer (born 1918)

• 2007 Paul Cohen, American mathematician and theorist (born 1934)

• 2007 Eric Medlen, American race car driver (born 1973)

• 2008 Vaino Vahing, Estonian psychiatrist, author, and playwright (born 1940)

• 2009 Ghukas Chubaryan, Armenian sculptor (born 1923)

• 2009 Raúl Macías, Mexican boxer and trainer (born 1934)

• 2011 Jean Bartik, American computer scientist and engineer (born 1924)

• 2011 Rosario Morales, Puerto Rican poet and writer (born 1930)

• 2011 Elizabeth Taylor, American-British actress, socialite and humanitarian (born 1932)

• 2012 Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, Somalian politician, President of Somalia (born 1934)

• 2012 Jim Duffy, American animator, director, and producer (born 1937)

• 2012 Naji Talib, Iraqi politician, 52nd Prime Minister of Iraq (born 1917)

• 2012 Lonnie Wright, American basketball and football player (born 1945)

• 2013 Boris Berezovsky, Russian-born Soviet-British mathematician and businessman (born 1946)

• 2013 Onofre Corpuz, Filipino economist, historian, and academic (born 1926)

• 2013 Virgil Trucks, American baseball player and coach (born 1917)

• 2013 Joe Weider, Canadian-American bodybuilder and publisher, co-founded the International Federation of BodyBuilding & Fitness (born 1919)

• 2014 Dave Brockie, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and bass player (born 1963)

• 2014 Jaroslav Šerých, Czech painter and illustrator (born 1928)

• 2014 Adolfo Suárez, Spanish lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Spain (born 1932)

• 2014 Peter Oakley, English YouTuber (born 1927)

• 2015 Gian Vittorio Baldi, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1930)

• 2015 Lee Kuan Yew, Singaporean lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Singapore (born 1923)

• 2015 Bobby Lowther, American basketball player and lieutenant (born 1923)

• 2015 Lil' Chris, English singer-songwriter, actor, and television personality (born 1990)

• 2016 Joe Garagiola, American baseball player and sportscaster (born 1926)

• 2016 Ken Howard, American actor (born 1944)

• 2017 Miroslava Breach, Mexican investigative journalist (born 1962)

• 2021 George Segal, American actor (born 1934)

• 2021 Julie Pomagalski, French snowboarder (born 1980)

• 2022 Madeleine Albright, Czechoslovak-American diplomat, 64th United States Secretary of State (born 1937)

• 2025 Mia Love, American politician (born 1975)

• 2026 Valerie Perrine, American actress (born 1943)

• 2026 Chip Taylor, American singer and songwriter (born 1940)

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

• Gregory the Illuminator (Episcopal Church)

• Gwinear

• Joseph Oriol

• Ottone Frangipane

• Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès (Maronite Church)

• Turibius of Mogrovejo

• Victorian, Frumentius and Companions

• March 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Day of Hungarian-Polish Friendship (Hungary and Poland)

• Day of the Sea (Bolivia)

• Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Day (Azerbaijan)

• Pakistan Day (Pakistan)

• Promised Messiah Day (Ahmadiyya)

• World Meteorological Day

References

External links

• BBC: On This Day

• Historical Events on March 23