Events

Pre-1600

• 365 Roman Emperor Valentinian I learns the Alemanni have crossed the Rhine and invaded Gaul.

• 996 Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi (Austria in Old High German).

• 1141 Empress Matilda's reign as "Lady of the English" ends as Stephen of Blois regains the title of "King of England".

• 1179 Philip II is crowned King of France.

• 1214 The port city of Sinope surrenders to the Seljuq Turks.

• 1348 The anti-royalist Union of Valencia attacks the Jews of Murviedro on the pretext that they are serfs of the King of Valencia and thus "royalists".

• 1503 Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere is elected Pope and takes the name Julius II.

• 1512 The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, is exhibited to the public for the first time.

• 1520 The Strait of Magellan, the passage immediately south of mainland South America connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, is first discovered and navigated by European explorer Ferdinand Magellan during the first recorded circumnavigation voyage.

• 1555 French Huguenots establish the France Antarctique colony in present-day Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

• 1570 The All Saints' Flood devastates the Dutch coast.

1601–1900

• 1612 During the Time of Troubles, Polish troops are expelled from Moscow's Kitay-gorod by Russian troops under the command of Dmitry Pozharsky (22 October O.S.).

• 1683 The British Crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.

• 1688 William III of Orange sets out a second time from Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands to seize the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland from King James II of England during the Glorious Revolution.

• 1755 In Portugal, Lisbon is totally devastated by a massive earthquake and tsunami, killing an estimated 40,000 to 60,000 people.

• 1765 The British Parliament enacts the Stamp Act on the Thirteen Colonies in order to help pay for British military operations in North America.

• 1790 Edmund Burke publishes Reflections on the Revolution in France, in which he predicts that the French Revolution will end in a disaster.

• 1800 John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).

• 1805 Napoleon Bonaparte invades Austria during the War of the Third Coalition.

• 1814 Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the European political map after the defeat of France in the Napoleonic Wars.

• 1848 In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical school for women, Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with the Boston University School of Medicine), opens.

• 1861 American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as the commander of the Union Army, replacing General Winfield Scott.

• 1870 In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast.

• 1893 The Battle of Bembezi took place and was the most decisive battle won by the British in the First Matabele War of 1893.

• 1894 Nicholas II becomes the new (and last) Tsar of Russia after his father, Alexander III, dies.

• 1894 Buffalo Bill, 15 of his Native Americans, and Annie Oakley were filmed by Thomas Edison in his Black Maria Studio in West Orange, New Jersey.

• 1896 A picture showing the bare breasts of a woman appears in National Geographic magazine for the first time.

• 1897 The first Library of Congress building opens its doors to the public; the library had previously been housed in the Congressional Reading Room in the U.S. Capitol.

• 1897 Italian Sport-Club Juventus is founded by a group of students of Liceo Classico Massimo d'Azeglio.

1901–present

• 1905 Lahti, a city in Finland, is granted city rights by Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, the last Grand Duke of Finland.

• 1911 World's first combat aerial bombing mission takes place in Libya during the Italo-Turkish War. Second Lieutenant Giulio Gavotti of Italy drops several small bombs.

• 1914 World War I: The first British Royal Navy defeat of the war with Germany, the Battle of Coronel, is fought off of the western coast of Chile, in the Pacific, with the loss of and .

• 1914 World War I: The Australian Imperial Force (AIF) departed by ship in a single convoy from Albany, Western Australia bound for Egypt.

• 1916 In Russia, Pavel Milyukov delivers in the State Duma the famous "stupidity or treason" speech, precipitating the downfall of the government of Boris Stürmer.

• 1918 World War I: With a brave action carried out into the waters of the Austro-Hungarian port of Pula, two officers of the Italian Regia Marina sink with a manned torpedo the enemy battleship SMS Viribus Unitis.

• 1918 Malbone Street wreck: The worst rapid transit accident in US history occurs under the intersection of Malbone Street and Flatbush Avenue, Brooklyn, New York City, with at least 102 deaths.

• 1918 Western Ukraine separates from Austria-Hungary.

• 1922 Abolition of the Ottoman sultanate: The last sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, abdicates.

• 1923 The Finnish airline Aero O/Y (now Finnair) is founded.

• 1928 The Law on the Adoption and Implementation of the Turkish Alphabet, replaces the Arabic alphabet with the Latin alphabet.

• 1937 Stalinists execute Pastor Paul Hamberg and seven members of Azerbaijan's Lutheran community.

• 1938 Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral in an upset victory during a match race deemed "the match of the century" in horse racing.

• 1941 American photographer Ansel Adams takes a picture of a moonrise over the town of Hernandez, New Mexico that would become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.

• 1942 World War II: Matanikau Offensive begins during the Guadalcanal campaign and ends three days later with an American victory.

• 1943 World War II: The 3rd Marine Division, United States Marines, landing on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands, secures a beachhead, leading that night to a naval clash at the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay.

• 1944 World War II: Units of the British Army land at Walcheren.

• 1945 The official North Korean newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, is first published under the name Chongro.

• 1948 Athenagoras I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, is enthroned.

• 1949 All 55 people on board Eastern Air Lines Flight 537 are killed when the Douglas DC-4 operating the flight collides in mid-air with a Bolivian Air Force Lockheed P-38 Lightning aircraft over Alexandria, Virginia.

• 1950 Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo attempt to assassinate US President Harry S. Truman at Blair House.

• 1951 Operation Buster–Jangle: Six thousand five hundred United States Army soldiers are exposed to 'Desert Rock' atomic explosionss for training purposes in Nevada. Participation is not voluntary.

• 1952 Nuclear weapons testing: The United States successfully detonates Ivy Mike, the first thermonuclear device, at the Eniwetok atoll. The explosion had a yield of ten megatons TNT equivalent.

• 1954 The Front de Libération Nationale fires the first shots of the Algerian War of Independence.

• 1955 The establishment of a Military Assistance Advisory Group in South Vietnam marks the beginning of American involvement in the conflict.

• 1955 The bombing of United Air Lines Flight 629 occurs near Longmont, Colorado, killing all 39 passengers and five crew members aboard the Douglas DC-6B airliner.

• 1956 The Indian states Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Mysore are formally created under the States Reorganisation Act; Kanyakumari district is joined to Tamil Nadu from Kerala. Delhi was established as a union territory.

• 1956 Hungarian Revolution: Imre Nagy announces Hungary's neutrality and withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact. Soviet troops begin to re-enter Hungary, contrary to assurances by the Soviet government. János Kádár and Ferenc Münnich secretly defect to the Soviets.

• 1956 The Springhill mining disaster in Springhill, Nova Scotia kills 39 miners; 88 are rescued.

• 1957 The Mackinac Bridge, the world's longest suspension bridge between anchorages at the time, opens to traffic connecting Michigan's upper and lower peninsulas.

• 1963 The Arecibo Observatory in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, with the largest radio telescope ever constructed, officially opens.

• 1963 The 1963 South Vietnamese coup begins.

• 1968 The Motion Picture Association of America's film rating system is officially introduced, originating with the ratings G, M, R, and X.

• 1970 Club Cinq-Sept fire in Saint-Laurent-du-Pont, France kills 146 young people.

• 1973 Watergate scandal: Leon Jaworski is appointed as the new Watergate Special Prosecutor.

• 1973 The Indian state of Mysore is renamed as Karnataka to represent all the regions within Karunadu.

• 1976 Burundian president Michel Micombero is deposed in a bloodless military coup d'état by deputy Jean-Baptiste Bagaza.

• 1979 In Bolivia, Colonel Alberto Natusch executes a bloody coup d'état against the constitutional government of Wálter Guevara.

• 1979 Griselda Álvarez becomes the first female governor of a state of Mexico.

• 1981 Antigua and Barbuda gains independence from the United Kingdom.

• 1982 Honda becomes the first Asian automobile company to produce cars in the United States with the opening of its factory in Marysville, Ohio; a Honda Accord is the first car produced there.

• 1984 After the assassination of Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India on 31 October 1984, by two of her Sikh bodyguards, anti-Sikh riots erupt.

• 1987 British Rail Class 43 (HST) hits the record speed of 238km/h for rail vehicles with on-board fuel to generate electricity for traction motors.

• 1991 President of the Chechen Republic Dzhokhar Dudayev declares sovereignty of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria from the Russian Federation.

• 1993 The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing the European Union.

• 1997 Titanic premieres publicly at Tokyo festival, launching a global blockbuster career.

• 2000 Chhattisgarh officially becomes the 26th state of India, formed from sixteen districts of eastern Madhya Pradesh.

• 2000 Serbia and Montenegro joins the United Nations.

• 2001 Turkey, Australia, and Canada agree to commit troops to the invasion of Afghanistan.

• 2009 An Ilyushin Il-76 crashes near the Mir mine after takeoff from Mirny Airport in Yakutia, killing all 11 aboard.

• 2011 Mario Draghi succeeds Jean-Claude Trichet and becomes the third president of the European Central Bank.

• 2012 A fuel tank truck crashes and explodes in the Saudi Arabian capital Riyadh, killing 26 people and injuring 135.

• 2024 A concrete canopy collapses at the Novi Sad railway station, killing 16 people and injuring 3.

Births

Pre-1600

• 846 Louis the Stammerer, Frankish king (died 879)

• 1339 Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria (died 1365)

• 1351 Leopold III, Duke of Austria (died 1386)

• 1419 Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (died 1485)

• 1498 Giovanni Ricci, Italian cardinal (died 1574)

• 1499 Rodrigo of Aragon, Italian noble (died 1512)

• 1522 Andrew Corbet, English landowner and politician (died 1578)

• 1526 Catherine Jagiellon, queen of John III of Sweden (died 1583)

• 1527 William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham, English noble and politician (died 1597)

• 1530 Étienne de La Boétie, French philosopher and judge (died 1563)

• 1539 Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (died 1596)

• 1550 Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg, Prince-Archbishop of Bremen, Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück and Paderborn (died 1585)

• 1567 Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, 1st Count of Gondomar, Spanish academic and diplomat (died 1626)

• 1585 Jan Brożek, Polish mathematician, physician, and astronomer (died 1652)

• 1596 Pietro da Cortona, Italian painter (died 1669)

1601–1900

• 1607 Georg Philipp Harsdörffer, German poet and translator (died 1658)

• 1609 Matthew Hale, Lord Chief Justice of England (died 1676)

• 1611 François-Marie, comte de Broglie, Italian-French commander (died 1656)

• 1625 Oliver Plunkett, Irish archbishop and saint (died 1681)

• 1636 Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux, French poet and critic (died 1711)

• 1643 John Strype, English priest, historian, and author (died 1737)

• 1661 Florent Carton Dancourt, French actor and playwright (died 1725)

• 1661 Louis, Grand Dauphin, heir apparent to the throne of France (died 1711)

• 1666 James Sherard, English botanist and curator (died 1738)

• 1720 Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte, French admiral (died 1791)

• 1727 Ivan Shuvalov, Russian art collector and philanthropist (died 1797)

• 1752 Józef Zajączek, Polish general, politician (died 1826)

• 1757 Antonio Canova, Italian sculptor and educator (died 1822)

• 1762 Spencer Perceval, English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1812)

• 1769 Garlieb Merkel, German author and activist (died 1850)

• 1778 Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (died 1837)

• 1782 F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1859)

• 1808 John Taylor, English-American religious leader, 3rd President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (died 1887)

• 1831 Harry Atkinson, English-New Zealand politician, 10th Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1892)

• 1838 11th Dalai Lama (died 1856)

• 1839 Ahmed Muhtar Pasha, Ottoman general and politician, 227th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (died 1919)

• 1847 Emma Albani, Canadian-English soprano and actress (died 1930)

• 1847 Hiệp Hòa, Vietnamese emperor (died 1883)

• 1848 Caroline Still Anderson, American physician, educator and abolitionist (died 1919)

• 1848 Jules Bastien-Lepage, French painter (died 1884)

• 1849 William Merritt Chase, American painter and educator (died 1916)

• 1859 Charles Brantley Aycock, American educator, lawyer, and politician, 50th Governor of North Carolina (died 1912)

• 1862 Johan Wagenaar, Dutch organist and composer (died 1941)

• 1864 Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (died 1918)

• 1871 Stephen Crane, American poet, novelist, and short story writer (died 1900)

• 1872 Louis Dewis, Belgian-French painter (died 1946)

• 1877 Roger Quilter, English composer (died 1953)

• 1878 Konrad Mägi, Estonian painter and educator (died 1925)

• 1878 Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Argentinian academic and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1959)

• 1880 Sholem Asch, Polish-American author and playwright (died 1957)

• 1880 Grantland Rice, American journalist and poet (died 1954)

• 1880 Alfred Wegener, German meteorologist and geophysicist (died 1930)

• 1881 Perikles Ioannidis, Greek admiral (died 1965)

• 1886 Hermann Broch, Austrian-American author and poet (died 1951)

• 1886 Sakutarō Hagiwara, Japanese poet and critic (died 1942)

• 1887 L.S. Lowry, English painter and illustrator (died 1976)

• 1888 George Kenner, German-American painter and illustrator (died 1971)

• 1888 Michał Sopoćko, Polish cleric and academic (died 1975)

• 1889 Hannah Höch, German painter and photographer (died 1978)

• 1889 Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, English academic and politician, Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1982)

• 1896 Edmund Blunden, English author, poet, and critic (died 1974)

• 1898 Arthur Legat, Belgian race car driver (died 1960)

• 1898 Sippie Wallace, American singer-songwriter and pianist (died 1986)

1901–present

• 1902 Nordahl Grieg, Norwegian journalist, author, poet, and playwright (died 1943)

• 1902 Eugen Jochum, German conductor (died 1987)

• 1903 Max Adrian, Irish-born British actor (died 1973)

• 1903 Edward Greeves, Jr., Australian footballer (died 1963)

• 1904 Laura LaPlante, American silent film actress (died 1996)

• 1905 Paul-Émile Borduas, Canadian-French painter and educator (died 1960)

• 1906 Johnny Indrisano, American boxer (died 1968)

• 1907 Maxie Rosenbloom, American boxer (died 1976)

• 1909 Hans Mork, South African-Australian rugby league player (died 1960)

• 1911 Mingun Sayadaw, Burmese monk and scholar (died 1993)

• 1911 Henri Troyat, French historian and author (died 2007)

• 1912 Gunther Plaut, German-Canadian rabbi and author (died 2012)

• 1914 Moshe Teitelbaum, Romanian-American rabbi (died 2006)

• 1915 Margaret Taylor-Burroughs, American painter, poet, and educator, co-founded the DuSable Museum of African American History (died 2010)

• 1917 Zenna Henderson, American author (died 1983)

• 1917 Clarence E. Miller, American engineer and politician (died 2011)

• 1918 Ken Miles, English-American race car driver (died 1966)

• 1919 Hermann Bondi, English-Austrian mathematician and cosmologist (died 2005)

• 1920 James J. Kilpatrick, American journalist and author (died 2010)

• 1920 Ted Lowe, English sportscaster (died 2011)

• 1921 John W. Peterson, American pilot and songwriter (died 2006)

• 1921 Harald Quandt, German businessman (died 1967)

• 1922 George S. Irving, American actor (died 2016)

• 1922 Andy Tonkovich, American basketball player and coach (died 2006)

• 1923 Victoria de los Ángeles, Spanish soprano and actress (died 2005)

• 1923 Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian-American author (died 2001)

• 1923 Menachem Elon, German-Israeli academic and jurist (died 2013)

• 1923 Carlos Páez Vilaró, Uruguayan painter and sculptor (died 2014)

• 1924 Süleyman Demirel, Turkish engineer and politician, 9th President of Turkey (died 2015)

• 1924 Jean-Luc Pépin, Canadian academic and politician, 19th Canadian Minister of Labour (died 1995)

• 1926 Stephen Antonakos, Greek-American sculptor (died 2013)

• 1926 Lou Donaldson, American saxophonist (died 2024)

• 1926 Betsy Palmer, American actress and game show panelist (died 2015)

• 1927 Marcel Ophüls, German documentary filmmaker (died 2025)

• 1927 Vic Power, Puerto Rican baseball player and coach (died 2005)

• 1928 James Bradford, American weightlifter (died 2013)

• 1929 Nicholas Mavroules, American lawyer and politician (died 2003)

• 1930 A. R. Gurney, American playwright and author (died 2017)

• 1930 Russ Kemmerer, American baseball player and coach (died 2014)

• 1931 Yossef Gutfreund, Israeli wrestler and coach (died 1972)

• 1931 Shunsuke Kikuchi, Japanese composer (died 2021)

• 1931 Arne Pedersen, Norwegian footballer and manager (died 2013)

• 1932 Al Arbour, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 2015)

• 1932 Francis Arinze, Nigerian cardinal

• 1933 Antoine Kohn, Luxembourgian footballer and manager (died 2012)

• 1934 Umberto Agnelli, Swiss-Italian businessman and politician (died 2004)

• 1934 Gillian Knight, English soprano and actress

• 1934 William Mathias, Welsh pianist and composer (died 1992)

• 1935 Gary Player, South African golfer and sportscaster

• 1935 Edward Said, Palestinian-American theorist, author, and academic (died 2003)

• 1936 Katsuhisa Hattori, Japanese composer and conductor (died 2020)

• 1936 Shizuka Kamei, Japanese lawyer and politician

• 1937 Bill Anderson, American country music singer-songwriter

• 1938 Nicholasa Mohr, Puerto Rican American Nuyorican writer

• 1939 Barbara Bosson, American actress (died 2023)

• 1940 Bruce Grocott, Baron Grocott, English academic and politician

• 1940 Roger Kellaway, American pianist and composer

• 1940 Ramesh Chandra Lahoti, Indian lawyer and jurist, 35th Chief Justice of India (died 2022)

• 1940 Barry Sadler, American sergeant, author, actor, and singer-songwriter (died 1989)

• 1941 Alfio Basile, Argentinian footballer and manager

• 1941 Joe Caldwell, American basketball player

• 1941 Robert Foxworth, American actor and director

• 1941 John Pullin, English rugby player (died 2021)

• 1942 Larry Flynt, American publisher, founded Larry Flynt Publications (died 2021)

• 1942 Ralph Klein, Canadian journalist and politician, 12th Premier of Alberta (died 2013)

• 1942 Marcia Wallace, American actress and comedian (died 2013)

• 1943 Salvatore Adamo, Italian-Belgian singer-songwriter

• 1943 Jacques Attali, French economist and civil servant

• 1944 Kinky Friedman, American singer-songwriter and author (died 2024)

• 1944 Rafic Hariri, Lebanese businessman and politician 60th Prime Minister of Lebanon (died 2005)

• 1944 Bobby Heenan, American wrestler, manager, and sportscaster (died 2017)

• 1944 Oscar Temaru, French-Polynesian soldier and politician, President of French Polynesia

• 1945 Narendra Dabholkar, Indian author and activist, founded Maharashtra Andhashraddha Nirmoolan Samiti (died 2013)

• 1945 John Williamson, Australian singer-songwriter

• 1946 Ric Grech, British rock musician (died 1990)

• 1946 Yuko Shimizu, Japanese graphic designer, created Hello Kitty

• 1947 Ted Hendricks, Guatemalan-American football player

• 1947 Nick Owen, English journalist

• 1947 Jim Steinman, American songwriter and producer (died 2021)

• 1948 Amani Abeid Karume, Zanzibar accountant and politician, 6th President of Zanzibar

• 1948 Mike Mendoza, English radio host and politician

• 1948 Phil Myre, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

• 1948 Bill Woodrow, English sculptor and academic

• 1949 Jeannie Berlin, American actress

• 1949 David Foster, Canadian singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer

• 1949 Michael D. Griffin, American physicist and engineer

• 1949 Belita Moreno, American actress and acting coach

• 1950 Mitch Kapor, American computer programmer and businessman, founded Lotus Development and Electronic Frontier Foundation

• 1950 Robert B. Laughlin, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate

• 1950 Dan Peek, American singer-songwriter and musician (died 2011)

• 1951 Ronald Bell, American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and producer (died 2020)

• 1951 Fabrice Luchini, French actor and screenwriter

• 1951 Craig Serjeant, Australian cricketer and chemist

• 1953 Jan Davis, American engineer and astronaut

• 1953 Paul Wellings, English ecologist and academic

• 1955 Beth Leavel, American actress and singer

• 1957 Lyle Lovett, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1957 Murray Pierce, New Zealand rugby player

• 1958 Mark Austin, English journalist

• 1958 Robert Hart, English singer-songwriter

• 1958 Rachel Ticotin, American actress

• 1959 Susanna Clarke, English author and educator

• 1960 Tim Cook, American businessman and engineer, current CEO of Apple Inc.

• 1960 Fernando Valenzuela, Mexican baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (died 2024)

• 1961 Louise Boije af Gennäs, Swedish author and screenwriter

• 1961 Anne Donovan, American basketball player and coach (died 2018)

• 1961 Calvin Johnson, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1961 Heng Swee Keat, Singaporean politician

• 1962 Sharron Davies, English swimmer

• 1962 Magne Furuholmen, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1962 Anthony Kiedis, American singer-songwriter

• 1963 Rick Allen, English musician

• 1963 Nita Ambani, Indian businesswoman

• 1963 Mark Hughes, Welsh footballer and manager

• 1963 Big Kenny, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1964 Sophie B. Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1965 Michael Daley, Australian politician

• 1965 Patrik Ringborg, Swedish conductor

• 1966 Willie D, American rapper and entrepreneur

• 1966 Mary Hansen, Australian singer and musician (died 2002)

• 1966 Gary Howell, American businessman and politician

• 1966 Jeremy Hunt, English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for Health

• 1966 Ashab Uddin, Indian-Bengali politician

• 1967 Tina Arena, Australian singer-songwriter, producer, and actress

• 1967 Carla van de Puttelaar, Dutch photographer

• 1969 Gary Alexander, American basketball player

• 1969 Tie Domi, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster

• 1970 Sherwin Campbell, Barbadian cricketer

• 1970 Toma Enache, Romanian film director

• 1972 Toni Collette, Australian actress

• 1972 Paul Dickov, Scottish footballer and manager

• 1972 Jenny McCarthy, American actress and model

• 1972 Glen Murray, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1973 David Berman, American actor

• 1973 Geoff Horsfield, English footballer and manager

• 1973 Aishwarya Rai, Indian model and actress

• 1974 V. V. S. Laxman, Indian cricketer

• 1975 Bo Bice, American singer and musician

• 1975 Keryn Jordan, South African footballer (died 2013)

• 1975 Megan Wing, Canadian figure skater and coach

• 1976 Sergei Artyukhin, Russian-Belarusian wrestler (died 2012)

• 1976 Bryan Harsin, American college football coach

• 1977 Steve Hutchinson, American football player

• 1978 Helen Czerski, English physicist and oceanographer

• 1978 Danny Koevermans, Dutch footballer and manager

• 1978 Jessica Valenti, American author

• 1979 Coco Crisp, American baseball player

• 1979 Milan Dudić, Serbian footballer

• 1979 Alex Prager, American photographer and director

• 1980 Bilgin Defterli, Turkish footballer

• 1981 Matt Jones, American actor and comedian

• 1982 Bradley Orr, English footballer

• 1982 Warren Spragg, English-Italian rugby player

• 1983 Matt Moulson, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1983 Yuko Ogura, Japanese model and singer

• 1983 Jon Wilkin, English rugby player

• 1984 Miloš Krasić, Serbian footballer

• 1984 Natalia Tena, English actress and musician

• 1984 Stephen Vogt, American baseball player

• 1985 Marcus Landry, American basketball player

• 1985 Paulo Orlando, Brazilian baseball player

• 1986 Penn Badgley, American actor and television personality

• 1986 Ksenija Balta, Estonian high jumper, sprinter, and heptathlete

• 1987 Ileana D'Cruz, Indian film actress

• 1987 Bruce Irvin, American football player

• 1988 Masahiro Tanaka, Japanese baseball player

• 1990 Tim Frazier, American basketball player

• 1991 Reece Brown, English footballer

• 1991 Anthony Ramos, American actor and singer

• 1991 Jiang Yuyuan, Chinese gymnast

• 1992 Semaj Christon, American basketball player

• 1992 Filip Kostić, Serbian footballer

• 1994 Brent Rooker, American baseball player

• 1994 James Ward-Prowse, English footballer

• 1995 Joe Chealey, American basketball player

• 1995 Margarita Mamun, Russian gymnast

• 1996 GeorgeNotFound, English internet personality

• 1996 Jeongyeon, South Korean singer

• 1996 Chinanu Onuaku, American basketball player

• 1996 Lil Peep, American rapper (died 2017)

• 1997 Max Burkholder, American actor

• 1997 Nordi Mukiele, French footballer

• 1997 Elvis Rexhbeçaj, Kosovan footballer

• 1997 Alex Wolff, American actor and musician

• 1998 Stuart Skinner, Canadian ice hockey player

• 2000 Gonzalo Plata, Ecuadorian footballer

• 2001 Alofiana Khan-Pereira, Australian rugby league player

• 2002 NLE Choppa, American rapper and YouTuber

• 2003 Ernest Nuamah, Ghanaian footballer

• 2003 Lautaro Rivero, Argentine footballer

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 934 Beornstan of Winchester, English bishop

• 970 Boso of Merseburg, German bishop

• 1038 Herman I, Margrave of Meissen (born c. 980)

• 1296 Guillaume Durand, French bishop and theologian (born 1230)

• 1319 Uguccione della Faggiuola, Italian condottieri (born c. 1250)

• 1324 John de Halton, Bishop of Carlisle

• 1391 Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy (born 1360)

• 1399 John IV of Brittany (born 1339)

• 1406 Joanna, Duchess of Brabant (born 1322)

• 1423 Nicholas Eudaimonoioannes, Byzantine diplomat (probable date)

• 1461 David of Trebizond (born 1408)

• 1496 Filippo Buonaccorsi (Filip Callimachus), Italian humanist writer (born 1437)

• 1546 Giulio Romano, Italian painter and architect (born 1499)

• 1588 Jean Daurat, French poet and scholar (born 1508)

• 1596 Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (born 1539)

1601–1900

• 1629 Hendrick ter Brugghen, Dutch painter (born 1588)

• 1642 Jean Nicolet, French-Canadian explorer (born 1598)

• 1676 Gisbertus Voetius, Dutch minister and theologian (born 1589)

• 1678 William Coddington, American judge and politician, 1st Governor of Rhode Island (born 1601)

• 1700 Charles II of Spain (born 1661)

• 1814 Alexander Samoylov, Russian general and politician, Russian Minister of Justice (born 1744)

• 1888 Nikolay Przhevalsky, Russian geographer and explorer (born 1838)

• 1894 Alexander III of Russia (born 1845)

1901–present

• 1903 Theodor Mommsen, German archaeologist, journalist, and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1817)

• 1907 Alfred Jarry, French author and playwright (born 1873)

• 1920 Kevin Barry, executed Irish Republican (born 1902)

• 1925 Max Linder, French actor, director, screenwriter, producer and comedian (born 1883)

• 1938 Charles Weeghman, American businessman (born 1874)

• 1942 Hugo Distler, German organist, composer, and conductor (born 1908)

• 1952 Dixie Lee, American singer (born 1911)

• 1955 Dale Carnegie, American author and educator (born 1888)

• 1958 Yahya Kemal Beyatlı, Turkish poet, author, and diplomat (born 1884)

• 1962 Ricardo Rodríguez, Mexican race car driver (born 1942)

• 1961 Livia Gouverneur, Venezuelan communist (born 1941)

• 1968 Georgios Papandreou, Greek economist and politician, 134th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1888)

• 1970 Robert Staughton Lynd, American sociologist and academic (born 1892)

• 1972 Waldemar Hammenhög, Swedish author (born 1902)

• 1972 Robert MacArthur, Canadian-American ecologist and academic (born 1930)

• 1972 Ezra Pound, American poet and critic (born 1885)

• 1982 James Broderick, American actor and director (born 1927)

• 1982 King Vidor, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1894)

• 1983 Anthony van Hoboken, Dutch-Swiss musicologist and author (born 1887)

• 1984 Norman Krasna, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1909)

• 1985 Arnold Pihlak, Estonian-English footballer (born 1902)

• 1985 Phil Silvers, American actor and comedian (born 1911)

• 1986 Serge Garant, Canadian composer and conductor (born 1929)

• 1987 Vasso Devetzi, Greek pianist (born 1927)

• 1987 René Lévesque, Canadian journalist and politician, 23rd Premier of Quebec (born 1922)

• 1993 Severo Ochoa, Spanish-American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1905)

• 1993 A. N. Sherwin-White, English historian and scholar (born 1911)

• 1994 Noah Beery, Jr., American actor (born 1913)

• 1996 J. R. Jayewardene, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Sri Lanka (born 1906)

• 1999 Theodore Hall, American physicist and spy (born 1925)

• 1999 Walter Payton, American football player and race car driver (born 1954)

• 2000 George Armstrong, English footballer and manager (born 1944)

• 2004 Mac Dre, American rapper and producer, founded Thizz Entertainment (born 1970)

• 2004 Terry Knight, American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1943)

• 2005 Skitch Henderson, American pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1918)

• 2005 Michael Piller, American screenwriter and producer (born 1948)

• 2006 Adrienne Shelly, American actress, director, and screenwriter (born 1966)

• 2006 William Styron, American novelist and essayist (born 1925)

• 2007 S. Ali Raza, Indian director and screenwriter (born 1922)

• 2007 Paul Tibbets, American general (born 1915)

• 2008 Jacques Piccard, Swiss oceanographer and engineer (born 1922)

• 2008 Shakir Stewart, American record producer (born 1974)

• 2008 Yma Sumac, Peruvian-American soprano and actress (born 1922/1923)

• 2009 Esther Hautzig, Lithuanian-American author (born 1930)

• 2009 Endel Laas, Estonian scientist and academic (born 1915)

• 2009 Robert H. Rines, American violinist and composer (born 1922)

• 2010 Shannon Tavarez, American actress (born 1999)

• 2010 Diana Wellesley, Duchess of Wellington (born 1922)

• 2011 Cahit Aral, Turkish engineer and politician, Turkish Minister of Industry and Commerce (born 1927)

• 2012 Agustín García Calvo, Spanish poet, playwright, and philosopher (born 1926)

• 2012 Mitch Lucker, American singer (born 1984)

• 2012 Pascual Pérez, Dominican baseball player (born 1957)

• 2013 John Y. McCollister, American lieutenant and politician (born 1921)

• 2013 Piet Rietveld, Dutch economist and academic (born 1952)

• 2014 Joel Barnett, Baron Barnett, English accountant and politician, Chief Secretary to the Treasury (born 1923)

• 2014 Jackie Fairweather, Australian runner and coach (born 1967)

• 2014 Abednigo Ngcobo, South African footballer (born 1950)

• 2014 Jean-Pierre Roy, Canadian-American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster (born 1920)

• 2014 Wayne Static, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1965)

• 2015 Thomas R. Fitzgerald, American lawyer and judge (born 1941)

• 2015 Houston McTear, American sprinter (born 1957)

• 2015 Charles Duncan Michener, American entomologist and academic (born 1918)

• 2015 Günter Schabowski, German journalist and politician (born 1929)

• 2015 Fred Thompson, American actor, lawyer, and politician (born 1942)

• 2020 Keith Hitchins, American historian expert on Romanian history (born 1931)

• 2020 Lady Elizabeth Shakerley, British party planner, writer and socialite (born 1941)

• 2021 Hugo Dittfach, Canadian horse jockey (born 1936)

• 2022 Takeoff, member of the American hip-hop group Migos (born 1994)

• 2023 Brian Brain, English cricketer (born 1940)

• 2025 Martha Layne Collins, American politician, 56th Governor of Kentucky (born 1936)

• 2025 John Farragher, Australian rugby league player (born 1957)

• 2025 Carlos Manzo, Mexican politician (born 1985)

Holidays and observances

All Saints' Day, a holy day of obligation in some areas (a national holiday in many historically Catholic countries), and its related observance:

• Day of the Innocents, The first day of Day of the Dead or El Dia de los Muertos celebration. (Mexico, Haiti)

• Anniversary of the Revolution (Algeria)

• Chavang Kut (Mizo people of Northeast India, Bangladesh, Burma)

• Chhattisgarh Rajyotsava (Chhattisgarh, India)

Christian feast day:

• Austromoine

• Benignus of Dijon

• Caesarius of Africa

• Santa Muerte (Folk Catholicism, Mexico and Southwestern United States)

• November 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Coronation of the fifth Druk Gyalpo (Bhutan)

• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Antigua and Barbuda from the United Kingdom in 1981.

• Karnataka Rajyotsava (Karnataka, India)

• Kerala Day (Kerala, India)

• Liberty Day (United States Virgin Islands)

• International Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome Awareness Day

• National Brush Day (United States)

• National Awakening Day (Bulgaria)

• Self-Defense Forces Commemoration Day (Japan)

The first day of winter observances:

• Calan Gaeaf, celebrations start at sunset of October 31. (Wales)

• Samhain in the Northern Hemisphere and Beltane in the Southern Hemisphere, celebrations start at sunset of October 31 (Neopagan Wheel of the Year)

• World Vegan Day

References

External links