Events

Pre-1600

• 44 BC Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.

• 44 BC Cicero launches the first of his Philippicae (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of them over the following months.

• 31 BC Final War of the Roman Republic: Battle of Actium: Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra.

• 911 The Byzantine Empire and the Kievan Rus sign a treaty regulating trade.

• 1192 The Treaty of Jaffa is signed between Richard I of England and Saladin, leading to the end of the Third Crusade.

• 1561 Entry of Mary, Queen of Scots into Edinburgh, a spectacular civic celebration for the Queen of Scotland, marred by religious controversy.

• 1595 An imperial army retakes the city of Esztergom from the Ottoman Empire.

1601–1900

• 1601 4th Spanish Armada makes landfall in Ireland at Kinsale.

• 1649 The Italian city of Castro is completely destroyed by the forces of Pope Innocent X, ending the Wars of Castro.

• 1666 The Great Fire of London breaks out and burns for three days, destroying 10,000 buildings, including Old St Paul's Cathedral.

• 1752 Great Britain, along with its overseas possessions, adopts the Gregorian calendar.

• 1789 The United States Department of the Treasury is founded.

• 1792 During what became known as the September Massacres of the French Revolution, rampaging mobs slaughter three Roman Catholic bishops, more than two hundred priests, and prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers.

• 1806 A massive landslide destroys the town of Goldau, Switzerland, killing 457.

• 1807 Napoleonic Wars: The British Royal Navy bombards Copenhagen with fire bombs and phosphorus rockets to prevent Denmark from surrendering its fleet to Napoleon.

• 1856 The Tianjing incident takes place in Nanjing, China.

• 1859 The Carrington Event is the strongest geomagnetic storm on record.

• 1862 American Civil War: United States President Abraham Lincoln reluctantly restores Union General George B. McClellan to full command after General John Pope's disastrous defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run.

• 1864 American Civil War: Union forces enter Atlanta as the city surrenders, ending the Atlanta campaign as a victory for General William T. Sherman.

• 1867 Mutsuhito, Emperor Meiji of Japan, marries Masako Ichijō, thereafter known as Empress Shōken.

• 1870 Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Sedan: Prussian forces take Napoleon III of France and 100,000 of his soldiers prisoner.

• 1885 Rock Springs massacre: In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners, who are struggling to unionize so they could strike for better wages and work conditions, attack their Chinese fellow workers, killing 28, wounding 15 and forcing several hundred more out of town.

• 1898 Battle of Omdurman: British and Egyptian troops defeat Sudanese tribesmen and establish British dominance in Sudan.

1901–present

• 1901 Vice President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a big stick" at the Minnesota State Fair.

• 1912 Arthur Rose Eldred is awarded the first Eagle Scout award of the Boy Scouts of America.

• 1923 Kantō Massacre: Amid rumors that Koreans had been conducting acts of sabotage in the aftermath of the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, lynch mobs of Japanese begin massacring thousands of civilians over the course of several weeks, mainly ethnic minorities such as Koreans and Chinese.

• 1935 The Labor Day Hurricane, the most intense hurricane to strike the United States, makes landfall at Long Key, Florida, killing at least 400.

• 1939 World War II: Following the start of the invasion of Poland the previous day, the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland) is annexed by Nazi Germany.

• 1944 The last execution of a Finn in Finland takes place when soldier Olavi Laiho is executed by shooting in Oulu.

• 1945 World War II: The Japanese Instrument of Surrender is signed by Japan and the major warring powers aboard the battleship in Tokyo Bay, thus marking the official end to the war.

• 1945 Communist leader Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam after the end of the Nguyễn dynasty.

• 1946 The Interim Government of India is formed, headed by Jawaharlal Nehru as vice president with the powers of a Prime Minister.

• 1957 President Ngô Đình Diệm of South Vietnam becomes the first foreign head of state to make a state visit to Australia.

• 1958 A USAF RC-130 is shot down by fighters over Armenia when it strays into Soviet airspace while conducting a sigint mission. All crew members are killed.

• 1960 The first election of the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile. The Tibetan community observes this date as Democracy Day.

• 1963 CBS Evening News becomes U.S. network television's first half-hour weeknight news broadcast, when the show is lengthened from 15 to 30 minutes.

• 1968 Operation OAU begins during the Nigerian Civil War.

• 1970 NASA announces the cancellation of two Apollo missions to the Moon, Apollo 15 (the designation is re-used by a later mission), and Apollo 19.

• 1970 Aeroflot Flight 3630, a Tupolev Tu-124 en route from southern Russia to Lithuania, crashes after the pilots lost control of the aircraft at cruise altitude between Rostov-on-Don Airport and Vilnius Airport, on the second leg of the flight; all 37 passengers and crew are killed.

• 1984 Seven people are shot and killed and 12 wounded in the Milperra massacre, a shootout between the rival motorcycle gangs Bandidos and Comancheross in Sydney, Australia.

• 1985 Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil politicians and former MPs M. Alalasundaram and V. Dharmalingam are shot dead.

• 1987 In Moscow, the trial begins for 19-year-old pilot Mathias Rust, who flew his Cessna airplane into Red Square in May.

• 1990 Transnistria is unilaterally proclaimed a Soviet republic; the Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev declares the decision null and void.

• 1992 The 7.7 Nicaragua earthquake affected the west coast of Nicaragua. With a – disparity of half a unit, this tsunami earthquake triggered a tsunami that caused most of the damage and casualties, with at least 116 killed. Typical runup heights were .

• 1998 Swissair Flight 111 crashes near Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia; all 229 people on board are killed.

• 1998 The UN's International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide.

• 2008 Google launches its Google Chrome web browser.

• 2009 The Andhra Pradesh, India helicopter crash occurred near Rudrakonda Hill, 40 nautical miles (74km) from Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India. Fatalities included Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, the Chief Minister of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

• 2010 Israel-Palestinian conflict: the 2010 Israeli-Palestinian peace talks are launched by the United States.

• 2013 The Eastern span replacement of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge opens at 10:15 pm at a cost of $6.4billion, after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake damaged the old span.

• 2018 National Museum of Brazil fire, A massive fire destroys most of the Paço de São Cristóvão, which houses the National Museum of Brazil, in Rio de Janeiro. The museum holds important archaeοlogical and anthropological objects, including the remains of the Luzia Woman, Marajoara vases and Egyptian mummies.

• 2019 Hurricane Dorian, a category 5 hurricane, devastates the Bahamas, killing at least five.

• 2019 The dive boat MV Conception catches fire and sinks near Santa Cruz Island, killing 34.

• 2022 Eighteen people are killed and 23 others are injured by a suicide bombing at a Sunni mosque in Herat, Afghanistan.

• 2023 India's first solar observation mission: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launches Aditya-L1 from Satish Dhawan space centre.

• 2024 Four people are killed in a mass shooting targeting homeless people on a Chicago Transit Authority train in Forest Park, Illinois, United States.

• 2024 A suicide bombing in Kabul, Afghanistan, kills 6 people and injures 13.

• 2024 At least 129 inmates are killed and 59 more injured in an attempted prison break at Makala Prison in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1243 Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester, 6th Earl of Hertford, English politician (died 1295)

• 1251 Francis of Fabriano, Italian writer (died 1322)

• 1516 Francis I, Duke of Nevers (died 1561)

• 1531 Francesco Cattani da Diacceto, Bishop of Fiesole (died 1595)

• 1548 Vincenzo Scamozzi, Italian architect (died 1616)

1601–1900

• 1661 Georg Böhm, German organist and composer (died 1733)

• 1675 William Somervile, English poet and author (died 1742)

• 1753 Marie Joséphine of Savoy (died 1810)

• 1778 Louis Bonaparte, French-Dutch king (died 1846)

• 1805 Esteban Echeverría, Argentinian poet and author (died 1851)

• 1810 Lysander Button, American engineer (died 1898)

• 1810 William Seymour Tyler, American historian and educator (died 1897)

• 1814 Ernst Curtius, German archaeologist and historian (died 1896)

• 1820 Lucretia Peabody Hale, American journalist and author (died 1900)

• 1830 William P. Frye, American lawyer and politician (died 1911)

• 1838 Bhaktivinoda Thakur, Indian guru and philosopher (died 1914)

• 1838 [[Liliuokalani]], Last sovereign monarch of Hawaii (died 1917)

• 1839 Henry George, American economist and author (died 1897)

• 1850 Eugene Field, American author and poet (died 1895)

• 1850 Albert Spalding, American baseball player, manager, and businessman, co-founded the Spalding Sporting Goods Company (died 1915)

• 1850 Woldemar Voigt, German physicist and academic (died 1919)

• 1852 Paul Bourget, French author and critic (died 1935)

• 1853 Wilhelm Ostwald, Latvian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1932)

• 1856 John Bowser, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of Victoria (died 1936)

• 1865 Simeón Ola, Filipino general and politician (died 1952)

• 1866 Charles Vintcent, South African cricketer and rugby player (died 1943)

• 1873 Lily Poulett-Harris, Australian cricketer and educator (died 1897)

• 1877 Frederick Soddy, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1956)

• 1878 Herman, Estonian-Finnish archbishop (died 1961)

• 1878 Werner von Blomberg, German field marshal (died 1946)

• 1883 Archduchess Elisabeth Marie of Austria (died 1963)

• 1884 Frank Laubach, American missionary and mystic (died 1970)

• 1892 Dezső Kertész, Hungarian actor and film director (died 1965)

• 1894 Joseph Roth, Austrian journalist and author (died 1939)

• 1897 Fazlollah Zahedi, Iranian general and statesman, 36th Prime Minister of Iran (died 1963)

1901–present

• 1901 Andreas Embirikos, Greek psychoanalyst and poet (died 1975)

• 1901 Adolph Rupp, American basketball player and coach (died 1977)

• 1904 August Jakobson, Estonian author and politician (died 1963)

• 1907 Pertev Naili Boratav, Turkish author and educator (died 1998)

• 1908 Ruth Bancroft, American landscape and garden designer (died 2017)

• 1910 Paul Saagpakk, Estonian linguist, lexicographer, and academic (died 1996)

• 1910 Donald Watson, English activist, founded the Vegan Society (died 2005)

• 1911 Romare Bearden, American painter and author (died 1988)

• 1911 William F. Harrah, American businessman, founded Harrah's Entertainment (died 1978)

• 1911 Lill Tschudi, Swiss artist (died 2004)

• 1912 Ernest Bromley, Australian cricketer (died 1967)

• 1913 Israel Gelfand, Russian-American mathematician and biologist (died 2009)

• 1913 Bill Shankly, Scottish footballer and manager (died 1981)

• 1915 Benjamin Aaron, American lawyer and scholar (died 2007)

• 1916 Ömer Lütfi Akad, Turkish director and screenwriter (died 2011)

• 1917 Laurindo Almeida, Brazilian-American guitarist and composer (died 1995)

• 1917 Cleveland Amory, American author and critic (died 1997)

• 1918 Allen Drury, American journalist and author (died 1998)

• 1919 Marge Champion, American actress, dancer, and choreographer (died 2020)

• 1919 Lance Macklin, English racing driver and businessman (died 2002)

• 1922 Arthur Ashkin, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate (died 2020)

• 1922 Leigh Kamman, American radio host (died 2014)

• 1923 René Thom, French mathematician, biologist, and academic (died 2002)

• 1923 Ramón Valdés, Mexican actor and comedian (died 1988)

• 1924 Daniel arap Moi, Kenyan educator and politician, 2nd President of Kenya (died 2020)

• 1924 Sidney Phillips, USMC WW2 combat veteran, physician, and author (died 2015)

• 1925 Hugo Montenegro, American composer and conductor (died 1981)

• 1927 Milo Hamilton, American sportscaster (died 2015)

• 1927 Francis Matthews, English actor (died 2014)

• 1927 Alice Raftary, American educator of blind adults (died 2014)

• 1928 Jim Jordan, Canadian educator and politician (died 2012)

• 1928 Horace Silver, American pianist and composer (died 2014)

• 1928 Mel Stuart, American director and producer (died 2012)

• 1929 Hal Ashby, American actor, director, and producer (died 1988)

• 1929 Beulah Bewley, English physician and academic (died 2018)

• 1929 Rex Hartwig, Australian tennis player (died 2022)

• 1929 Victor Spinetti, Welsh actor and director (died 2012)

• 1931 Clifford Jordan, American saxophonist (died 1993)

• 1931 Alan Simpson, American politician, US Senator from Wyoming (died 2025)

• 1932 Walter Davis Jr., American pianist (died 1990)

• 1932 Arnold Greenberg, American businessman, co-founded Snapple (died 2012)

• 1933 Ed Conlin, American basketball player and coach (died 2012)

• 1933 Mathieu Kérékou, Beninese soldier and politician, President of Benin (died 2015)

• 1934 Hilla Becher, German conceptual photographer (died 2015)

• 1934 Sam Gooden, American soul singer (died 2022)

• 1934 Chuck McCann, American actor and screenwriter (died 2018)

• 1934 Grady Nutt, American comedian, minister, and author (died 1982)

• 1935 D. Wayne Lukas, American horse trainer (died 2025)

• 1936 Andrew Grove, Hungarian-American businessman, engineer, and author (died 2016)

• 1936 Károly Krajczár, Hungarian-Slovene author and educator (died 2018)

• 1937 Len Carlson, Canadian voice actor (died 2006)

• 1937 Peter Ueberroth, American businessman

• 1938 Leonard Appleyard, English diplomat, British Ambassador to China (died 2020)

• 1938 Jimmy Clanton, American pop singer-songwriter

• 1938 Ernie Sigley, Australian television host (died 2021)

• 1941 Jyrki Otila, Finnish economist and politician (died 2003)

• 1941 Sadhana Shivdasani, Indian actress (died 2015)

• 1941 John Thompson, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster (died 2020)

• 1943 Rosalind Ashford, American singer

• 1943 Glen Sather, Canadian ice hockey player and manager

• 1943 Joe Simon, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2021)

• 1944 Janet Simpson, English sprinter (died 2010)

• 1946 Luis Ávalos, Cuban-American actor (died 2014)

• 1946 Mary Goudie, Baroness Goudie, English humanitarian and politician

• 1946 Marty Grebb, American keyboardist, guitarist, saxophonist, and music producer/arranger (died 2020)

• 1946 Billy Preston, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (died 2006)

• 1946 Walt Simonson, American author and illustrator

• 1946 Dan White, American assassin and politician (died 1985)

• 1947 Louis Michel, Belgian educator and politician, Belgian Minister of Foreign Affairs

• 1947 Jim Richards, New Zealand racing driver

• 1948 Nate Archibald, American basketball player and coach

• 1948 Terry Bradshaw, American football player, sportscaster, and actor

• 1948 Christa McAuliffe, American educator and astronaut (died 1986)

• 1949 Hans-Hermann Hoppe, American economist and philosopher

• 1949 Moira Stuart, British broadcaster

• 1950 Rosanna DeSoto, American actress

• 1950 Michael Rother, German guitarist, keyboard player, and songwriter

• 1950 Tony Windsor, Australian politician

• 1951 Jim DeMint, American politician

• 1951 Mark Harmon, American actor and producer

• 1951 Mik Kaminski, English musician, rock violinist

• 1952 Jimmy Connors, American tennis player, coach, and sportscaster

• 1952 Mihhail Lotman, Estonian linguist, scholar, and politician

• 1953 Maurice Colclough, English rugby player (died 2006)

• 1953 Ahmad Shah Massoud, Afghan commander and politician, Afghan Minister of Defense (died 2001)

• 1953 John Zorn, American saxophonist, composer, and producer

• 1954 Billi Gordon, American neuroscientist, author, and actor. (died 2018)

• 1954 Gai Waterhouse, Scottish-Australian horse trainer and businesswoman

• 1954 Andrej Babiš, Czech politician, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic

• 1955 Linda Purl, American actress

• 1956 Mario Tremblay, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

• 1957 Tony Alva, American skateboarder and bass player

• 1957 Steve Porcaro, American keyboard player and songwriter

• 1958 Lynne Kosky, Australian social worker and politician (died 2014)

• 1959 Drungo Hazewood, American baseball player (died 2013)

• 1959 Guy Laliberté, Canadian businessman, philanthropist, and poker player, founded Cirque du Soleil

• 1960 Eric Dickerson, American football player and sportscaster

• 1960 Kristin Halvorsen, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of Finance

• 1960 Rex Hudler, American baseball player and sportscaster

• 1961 Eugenio Derbez, Mexican actor, director, producer, and screenwriter

• 1961 Carlos Valderrama, Colombian footballer and manager

• 1961 Ron Wasserman, American singer-songwriter and producer

• 1962 Alonso Lujambio, Mexican academic and politician (died 2012)

• 1962 Prachya Pinkaew, Thai director, producer, and screenwriter

• 1962 Tracy Smothers, American wrestler (died 2020)

• 1962 Keir Starmer, English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

• 1963 Sam Mitchell, American basketball player and coach

• 1964 Andrea Illy, Italian businessman

• 1964 Keanu Reeves, Canadian actor, singer, and producer

• 1965 Lennox Lewis, English-Canadian boxer

• 1965 Partho Sen-Gupta, Indian director and screenwriter

• 1966 Dino Cazares, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer

• 1966 Massimo Cuttitta, Italian rugby player and coach

• 1966 Salma Hayek, Mexican-American actress, director, and producer

• 1966 Olivier Panis, French racing driver

• 1966 Tuc Watkins, American actor

• 1967 Frank Fontsere, American drummer and songwriter

• 1967 Andreas Möller, German footballer and manager

• 1968 Cynthia Watros, American actress

• 1968 Francisco Acevedo, American serial killer

• 1969 Laurence Brihaye, Belgian rhythmic gymnast

• 1969 K-Ci, American R&B singer-songwriter

• 1969 Stéphane Matteau, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1971 Kjetil André Aamodt, Norwegian skier

• 1971 Pawan Kalyan, Indian actor politician

• 1971 Tommy Maddox, American football player and coach

• 1971 César Sánchez, Spanish footballer

• 1971 Tom Steels, Belgian cyclist

• 1971 Katt Williams, American comedian and actor

• 1972 Robert Coles, English golfer

• 1973 Jason Blake, American ice hockey player

• 1973 Indika de Saram, Sri Lankan cricketer

• 1973 Matthew Dunn, Australian swimmer

• 1973 Nicholas Pinnock, English actor

• 1973 Sudeep, Indian actor, filmmaker and television presenter

• 1974 Sami Salo, Finnish ice hockey player

• 1975 Jill Janus, American singer (died 2018)

• 1975 MC Chris, American rapper, actor, and screenwriter

• 1975 Tony Thompson, American singer (died 2007)

• 1976 Syleena Johnson, American R&B and soul singer-songwriter and actress

• 1976 Aziz Zakari, Ghanaian sprinter

• 1977 Tiffany Hines, American actress

• 1977 Frédéric Kanouté, Malian footballer

• 1977 Sam Rivers, American musician (died 2025)

• 1979 Tomer Ben Yosef, Israeli footballer

• 1979 Jonathan Kite, American actor and comedian

• 1979 Brian Westbrook, American football player

• 1980 Dany Sabourin, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1980 Danny Shittu, Nigerian footballer

• 1980 Hiroki Yoshimoto, Japanese race car driver

• 1981 Fariborz Kamkari, Iranian director, producer, and screenwriter

• 1981 Jennifer Hopkins, American tennis player

• 1981 Chris Tremlett, English cricketer

• 1982 Joey Barton, English footballer

• 1982 Jason Hammel, American baseball player

• 1982 Mark Phillips, English footballer

• 1983 Mark Foster, English rugby player

• 1984 Jack Peñate, English singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1985 Keith Galloway, Australian rugby league player

• 1985 Allison Miller, American actress

• 1986 Gélson Fernandes, Swiss footballer

• 1986 Kyle Hines, American basketball player

• 1987 Scott Moir, Canadian ice dancer

• 1987 Spencer Smith, American musician

• 1988 Keisuke Kato, Japanese actor and singer

• 1988 Javi Martínez, Spanish footballer

• 1988 Ibrahim Šehić, Bosnian footballer

• 1988 Ishant Sharma, Indian cricketer

• 1988 Ishmeet Singh, Indian singer (died 2008)

• 1989 Marcus Morris, American basketball player

• 1989 Markieff Morris, American basketball player

• 1989 Alexandre Pato, Brazilian footballer

• 1989 Zedd, Russian-German record producer, DJ, multi-instrumentalist and songwriter

• 1990 Marcus Ericsson, Swedish race car driver

• 1990 Shayla Worley, American gymnast

• 1991 Christian Bethancourt, Panamanian baseball player

• 1991 Mareks Mejeris, Latvian basketball player

• 1991 Gyasi Zardes, American footballer

• 1992 Xenia Knoll, Swiss tennis player

• 1992 Nenad Lukić, Serbian footballer

• 1992 Alberto Masi, Italian footballer

• 1992 Emiliano Martínez, Argentine footballer

• 1992 Ella Toone, English footballer

• 1993 Tom Anderson, English footballer

• 1993 Zaza Nadiradze, Georgian sprint canoeist

• 1993 Robert Rooba, Estonian ice hockey player

• 1994 Ishika Taneja, Indian beautician.

• 1994 Linda Dallmann, German professional footballer

• 1995 Willy Adames, Dominican baseball player

• 1995 Aleksander Barkov, Russian-Finnish ice hockey player

• 1995 Deimantas Petravičius, Lithuanian footballer

• 1996 Austin Abrams, American actor

• 1997 645AR, American rapper

• 1997 Brandon Ingram, American basketball player

• 1998 Nickeil Alexander-Walker, Canadian basketball player

• 1998 Choi Ye-bin, South Korean actress

• 1998 Eetu Luostarinen, Finnish ice hockey player

• 2002 Bradley Barcola, French footballer

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 421 Constantius III, Roman emperor

• 459 Simeon Stylites, Byzantine saint (born 390)

• 595 John IV of Constantinople

• 1022 Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, king of Mide and High King of Ireland

• 1031 Saint Emeric of Hungary (born 1000)

• 1083 King Munjong of Goryeo (born 1019)

• 1274 Prince Munetaka, Japanese shōgun (born 1242)

• 1397 Francesco Landini, Italian composer

• 1540 Dawit II of Ethiopia (born 1501)

1601–1900

• 1606 Karel van Mander, Dutch painter and poet (born 1548)

• 1651 Kosem Sultan, Ottoman Valide sultan and regent (born 1589)

• 1680 Per Brahe the Younger, Swedish soldier and politician, Lord High Steward of Sweden (born 1602)

• 1688 Sir Robert Vyner, 1st Baronet, English businessman and politician, Lord Mayor of London (born 1631)

• 1690 Philip William, Elector Palatine, German Count Palatine of Neuburg (born 1615)

• 1764 Nathaniel Bliss, English astronomer and mathematician (born 1700)

• 1765 Henry Bouquet, Swiss-English colonel (born 1719)

• 1768 Antoine Deparcieux, French mathematician and theorist (born 1703)

• 1790 Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, German historian and theologian (born 1701)

• 1813 Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (born 1763)

• 1820 Jiaqing Emperor of China (born 1760)

• 1832 Franz Xaver von Zach, Hungarian-French astronomer and academic (born 1754)

• 1834 Thomas Telford, Scottish engineer and architect, designed the Menai Suspension Bridge (born 1757)

• 1865 William Rowan Hamilton, Irish physicist, astronomer, and mathematician (born 1805)

• 1872 N. F. S. Grundtvig, Danish pastor, philosopher, and author (born 1783)

• 1877 Konstantinos Kanaris, Greek admiral and politician, 16th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1793)

• 1885 Giuseppe Bonavia, Maltese architect (born 1821)

• 1898 Wilford Woodruff, American religious leader, 4th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (born 1807)

1901–present

• 1910 Henri Rousseau, French painter (born 1844)

• 1911 – Marie Andrieu, French anarchist, cartomancer and spiritualist (born 1851)

• 1918 John Forrest, Australian politician, 1st Premier of Western Australia (born 1847)

• 1921 Henry Austin Dobson, English poet and critic (born 1840)

• 1922 Henry Lawson, Australian poet and author (born 1867)

• 1927 Umegatani Tōtarō II, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 20th Yokozuna (born 1878)

• 1934 James Allan, New Zealand rugby player (born 1860)

• 1934 Russ Columbo, American singer, violinist, and actor (born 1908)

• 1934 Alcide Nunez, American clarinet player (Original Dixieland Jass Band) (born 1884)

• 1937 Pierre de Coubertin, French historian and educator, founded the International Olympic Committee (born 1863)

• 1941 Lloyd Seay, American race car driver (born 1919)

• 1942 Tom Williams, Executed Irish Republican (born 1923)

• 1942 James Juvenal, American rower (born 1874)

• 1943 Marsden Hartley, American painter and poet (born 1877)

• 1944 Bella Rosenfeld, Russian-American model and author (born 1895)

• 1945 Mason Phelps, American golfer (born 1885)

• 1948 Sylvanus Morley, American archaeologist and spy (born 1883)

• 1953 Hendrik Offerhaus, Dutch rower (born 1875)

• 1953 Jonathan M. Wainwright, American general, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1883)

• 1954 Franz Leopold Neumann, German lawyer and political scientist (born 1900)

• 1962 William Wilkerson, American publisher and businessman (born 1890)

• 1964 Glenn Albert Black, American archaeologist and scholar (born 1900)

• 1964 Alvin C. York, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1887)

• 1965 Johannes Bobrowski, German poet and author (born 1917)

• 1969 Ho Chi Minh, Vietnamese politician, 1st President of Vietnam (born 1890)

• 1971 Robert Mensah, Ghanaian footballer (born 1939)

• 1973 Carl Dudley, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1910)

• 1973 J. R. R. Tolkien, English novelist, short story writer, poet, and philologist (born 1892)

• 1975 Mabel Vernon, American activist (born 1883)

• 1976 Stanisław Grochowiak, Polish poet and playwright (born 1934)

• 1977 Stephen Dunne, American actor (born 1918)

• 1978 Fred G. Meyer, American businessman, founded Fred Meyer (born 1886)

• 1979 Otto P. Weyland, American general (born 1903)

• 1983 Feri Cansel, Turkish-Cypriot actress (born 1944)

• 1984 Manos Katrakis, Greek actor (born 1908)

• 1985 M. Alalasundaram, Sri Lankan Tamil teacher and politician

• 1985 Abe Lenstra, Dutch footballer (born 1920)

• 1985 V. Dharmalingam, Sri Lankan Tamil politician (born 1918)

• 1985 Jay Youngblood, American wrestler (born 1955)

• 1987 Brian Clay, Australian rugby league player (born 1935)

• 1990 Robert Holmes à Court, South African-Australian businessman and lawyer (born 1937)

• 1991 Alfonso García Robles, Mexican politician and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1911)

• 1992 Barbara McClintock, American geneticist and botanist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1902)

• 1996 Paddy Clift, Zimbabwean cricketer (born 1953)

• 1997 Rudolf Bing, Austrian-American manager (born 1902)

• 1997 Viktor Frankl, Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist (born 1905)

• 1998 Jackie Blanchflower, Northern Irish footballer (born 1933)

• 1998 Allen Drury, American journalist and author (born 1918)

• 2000 Elvera Sanchez, American dancer (born 1905)

• 2000 Curt Siodmak, German-American author and screenwriter (born 1907)

• 2001 Christiaan Barnard, South African surgeon and academic (born 1922)

• 2001 Troy Donahue, American actor (born 1936)

• 2002 Dick Reynolds, Australian footballer and coach (born 1915)

• 2004 Joan Oró, Catalan biochemist and academic (born 1923)

• 2005 Bob Denver, American actor (born 1935)

• 2006 Bob Mathias, American decathlete and politician (born 1930)

• 2006 Willi Ninja, American dancer and choreographer (born 1961)

• 2006 Dewey Redman, American saxophonist (born 1931)

• 2007 Franz-Benno Delonge, German game designer, created TransAmerica (born 1957)

• 2007 Max McNab, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1924)

• 2008 Bill Melendez, Mexican-American animator, director, producer, and voice actor (born 1916)

• 2008 Alan Waddell, Australian walker

• 2009 Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, Indian politician, 14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (born 1949)

• 2011 Roberto Bruce, Chilean journalist (born 1979)

• 2011 Felipe Camiroaga, Chilean television presenter (born 1966)

• 2012 Mark Abrahamian, American guitarist (born 1966)

• 2012 Jack Boucher, American photographer and director (born 1931)

• 2012 John C. Marshall, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1941)

• 2012 Emmanuel Nunes, Portuguese-French composer and educator (born 1941)

• 2013 Valérie Benguigui, French actress and director (born 1965)

• 2013 Terry Clawson, English rugby player and coach (born 1940)

• 2013 Ronald Coase, English-American economist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1910)

• 2013 David Jacobs, English radio and television host (born 1926)

• 2013 Frederik Pohl, American author and publisher (born 1919)

• 2013 Paul Scoon, Grenadian politician, 2nd Governor-General of Grenada (born 1935)

• 2014 F. Emmett Fitzpatrick, American lawyer and politician, 20th District Attorney of Philadelphia (born 1930)

• 2014 Norman Gordon, South African cricketer (born 1911)

• 2014 Helena Rakoczy, Polish gymnast (born 1921)

• 2014 Goolam Essaji Vahanvati, Indian lawyer and politician, 13th Attorney General of India (born 1949)

• 2015 Ephraim Engleman, American rheumatologist, author, and academic (born 1911)

• 2016 Jerry Heller, American music manager (born 1940)

• 2016 Islam Karimov, Uzbek politician, 1st President of Uzbekistan (born 1938)

• 2018 Claire Wineland, American activist and author (born 1997)

• 2021 Siddharth Shukla, Indian TV and film actor (born 1980)

• 2021 Mikis Theodorakis, Greek composer (born 1925)

• 2022 Frank Drake, American radio astronomer and astrophysicist (born 1930)

• 2022 T. V. Sankaranarayanan, Indian Carnatic vocalist (born 1945)

• 2024 – James Darren, American actor (born 1936)

• 2024 – Rodolfo Hernández Suárez, Colombian politician (born 1945)

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

• Acepsimas of Hnaita and companions (Syriac Orthodox Church)

• Agricola of Avignon

• Antoninus of Pamiers

• Brocard

• Diomedes

• Eleazar

• Hieu (abbess)

• Holy September Martyrs

• Ingrid of Sweden

• Justus of Lyon

• Margaret of Louvain

• Maxima of Rome

• Nonnosus

• William of Roskilde

• September 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Democracy Day (Tibet)

• Independence Day (Transnistria, unrecognized)

• Independence Day (Artsakh, unrecognized)

• National Blueberry Popsicle Day (United States)

• National Day, celebrates the independence of Vietnam from Japan and France in 1945

• Victory over Japan Day (United States)

References

External links