Events

Pre-1600

• 1018 Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen.

• 1287 King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom.

1601–1900

• 1607 An estimated 200 square miles (51,800 ha) along the coasts of the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary in England are destroyed by massive flooding, resulting in an estimated 2,000 deaths.

• 1648 Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.

• 1649 Charles I of England is executed in Whitehall, London.

• 1661 Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, is ritually executed more than two years after his death, on the 12th anniversary of the execution of the monarch he himself deposed.

• 1667 The Truce of Andrusovo is signed, ending the Russian-Polish War of 1654-1667.

• 1789 Tây Sơn forces emerge victorious against Qing armies and liberate the capital Thăng Long.

• 1806 The original Lower Trenton Bridge (also called the Trenton Makes the World Takes Bridge), which spans the Delaware River between Morrisville, Pennsylvania and Trenton, New Jersey, is opened.

• 1820 Edward Bransfield sights the Trinity Peninsula and claims the discovery of Antarctica.

• 1826 The Menai Suspension Bridge, considered the world's first modern suspension bridge, connecting the Isle of Anglesey to the northwest coast of Wales, is opened.

• 1835 In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States, Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president Andrew Jackson, but fails and is subdued by a crowd, including several congressmen as well as Jackson himself.

• 1847 Yerba Buena, California is renamed San Francisco, California.

• 1858 The first Hallé concert is given in Manchester, England, marking the official founding of The Hallé orchestra as a full-time, professional orchestra.

• 1862 American Civil War: The first American ironclad warship, the is launched.

• 1889 Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, is found dead with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera in the Mayerling.

1901–present

• 1902 The first Anglo-Japanese Alliance is signed in London.

• 1908 Indian pacifist and leader Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is released from prison by Jan C. Smuts after being tried and sentenced to two months in jail earlier in the month.

• 1911 The destroyer makes the first airplane rescue at sea saving the life of Douglas McCurdy from Havana, Cuba.

• 1920 Japanese carmaker Mazda is founded, initially as a cork-producing company.

• 1925 The Government of Turkey expels Patriarch Constantine VI from Istanbul.

• 1930 The Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union orders the confiscation of lands belonging to the Kulaks in a campaign of Dekulakization, resulting in the executions and forced deportations of millions.

• 1933 Adolf Hitler's rise to power: Hitler takes office as the Chancellor of Germany.

• 1939 During a speech in the Reichstag, Adolf Hitler makes a prediction about the end of the Jewish race in Europe if another world war were to occur.

• 1942 World War II: Japanese forces invade the island of Ambon in the Dutch East Indies. Some 300 captured Allied troops are killed after the surrender. One-quarter of the remaining POWs remain alive at the end of the war.

• 1944 World War II: The Battle of Cisterna, part of Operation Shingle, begins in central Italy.

• 1945 World War II: The Wilhelm Gustloff, overfilled with German refugees, sinks in the Baltic Sea after being torpedoed by a Soviet submarine, killing approximately 9,500 people.

• 1945 World War II: Raid at Cabanatuan: One hundred and twenty-six American Rangers and Filipino resistance fighters liberate over 500 Allied prisoners from the Japanese-controlled Cabanatuan POW camp.

• 1948 British South American Airways' Tudor IV Star Tiger disappears over the Bermuda Triangle.

• 1948 Following the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi in his home compound, India's prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, broadcasts to the nation, saying "The light has gone out of our lives". The date of the assassination becomes observed as "Martyrs' Day" in India.

• 1956 In the United States, Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King Jr.'s home is bombed in retaliation for the Montgomery bus boycott.

• 1959 The forces of the Sultanate of Muscat occupy the last strongholds of the Imamate of Oman, Saiq and Shuraijah, marking the end of Jebel Akhdar War in Oman.

• 1959 , specifically designed to operate in icebound seas, strikes an iceberg on her maiden voyage and sinks, killing all 95 aboard.

• 1960 The African National Party is founded in Chad, through the merger of traditionalist parties.

• 1964 In a bloodless coup, General Nguyễn Khánh overthrows General Dương Văn Minh's military junta in South Vietnam.

• 1968 Vietnam War: Tet Offensive launch by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army against South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies.

• 1969 The Beatles' last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records in London. The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.

• 1972 The Troubles: Bloody Sunday: British paratroopers open fire on anti-internment marchers in Derry, Northern Ireland, killing 13 people; another person later dies of injuries sustained.

• 1972 Pakistan leaves the Commonwealth of Nations in protest of its recognition of breakaway Bangladesh.

• 1974 Pan Am Flight 806 crashes near Pago Pago International Airport in American Samoa, killing 97.

• 1975 The Monitor National Marine Sanctuary is established as the first United States National Marine Sanctuary.

• 1975 Turkish Airlines Flight 345 crashes into the Sea of Marmara near Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport, killing 42.

• 1979 A Varig Boeing 707-323C freighter, flown by the same commander as Flight 820, disappears over the Pacific Ocean 30 minutes after taking off from Tokyo.

• 1982 Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which is 400 lines long and disguised as an Apple boot program called "Elk Cloner".

• 1989 The American embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan is closed.

• 1995 Hydroxycarbamide becomes the first approved preventive treatment for sickle cell disease.

• 2000 Kenya Airways Flight 431 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Ivory Coast, killing 169.

• 2006 The Goleta postal facility shootings occur, killing seven people before the perpetrator took her own life.

• 2007 Microsoft Corporation releases Windows Vista, a major release of the operating system Microsoft Windows and the NT based kernel.

• 2013 Naro-1 becomes the first carrier rocket launched by South Korea.

• 2020 The World Health Organization declares the COVID-19 pandemic to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.

Births

Pre-1600

• 58 BC Livia, Roman wife of Augustus (died 29)

• 1410 William Calthorpe, English knight (died 1494)

• 1520 William More, English courtier (died 1600)

• 1563 Franciscus Gomarus, Dutch theologian and academic (died 1641)

• 1573 Georg Friedrich, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (died 1638)

• 1580 Gundakar, Prince of Liechtenstein, court official in Vienna (died 1658)

• 1590 Lady Anne Clifford, 14th Baroness de Clifford (died 1676)

1601–1900

• 1628 George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (died 1687)

• 1661 Charles Rollin, French historian and educator (died 1741)

• 1697 Johann Joachim Quantz, German flute player and composer (died 1773)

• 1703 François Bigot, French politician (died 1778)

• 1720 Charles De Geer, Swedish entomologist and archaeologist (died 1778)

• 1754 John Lansing Jr., American lawyer and politician (died 1829)

• 1775 Walter Savage Landor, English poet and author (died 1864)

• 1781 Adelbert von Chamisso, German botanist and poet (died 1838)

• 1816 Nathaniel P. Banks, American general and politician, 24th Governor of Massachusetts (died 1894)

• 1822 Franz Ritter von Hauer, Austrian geologist and curator (died 1899)

• 1841 Félix Faure, French politician, 7th President of France (died 1899)

• 1844 Richard Theodore Greener, American lawyer, academic, and diplomat (died 1922)

• 1846 Angela of the Cross, Spanish nun and saint (died 1932)

• 1861 Charles Martin Loeffler, German-American violinist and composer (died 1935)

• 1862 Walter Damrosch, German-American conductor and composer (died 1950)

• 1866 Gelett Burgess, American author, poet, and critic (died 1951)

• 1878 A. H. Tammsaare, Estonian author (died 1940)

• 1882 Franklin D. Roosevelt, American lawyer and statesman, 32nd President of the United States (died 1945)

• 1889 Jaishankar Prasad, Indian poet and playwright (died 1937)

• 1899 Max Theiler, South African-American virologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1972)

• 1900 Martita Hunt, Argentine-born British actress (died 1969)

1901–present

• 1901 Rudolf Caracciola, German racing driver (died 1959)

• 1902 Nikolaus Pevsner, German-English historian and scholar (died 1983)

• 1910 Chidambaram Subramaniam, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Defence (died 2000)

• 1911 Roy Eldridge, American jazz trumpet player (died 1989)

• 1912 Werner Hartmann, German physicist and academic (died 1988)

• 1912 Francis Schaeffer, American pastor and theologian (died 1984)

• 1912 Barbara W. Tuchman, American historian and author (died 1989)

• 1913 Amrita Sher-Gil, Hungarian-Indian painter (died 1941)

• 1914 Luc-Marie Bayle, French commander and painter (died 2000)

• 1914 John Ireland, Canadian-American actor and director (died 1992)

• 1914 David Wayne, American actor (died 1995)

• 1915 Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (died 1976)

• 1915 John Profumo, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for War (died 2006)

• 1917 Paul Frère, Belgian racing driver and journalist (died 2008)

• 1918 David Opatoshu, American actor and screenwriter (died 1996)

• 1919 Fred Korematsu, American activist (died 2005)

• 1920 Michael Anderson, English director and producer (died 2018)

• 1920 Patrick Heron, British painter (died 1999)

• 1920 Delbert Mann, American director and producer (died 2007)

• 1922 Dick Martin, American comedian, actor, and director (died 2008)

• 1923 Marianne Ferber, Czech-American economist and author (died 2013)

• 1924 Ernie Calverley, American basketball player and coach (died 2003)

• 1924 S. N. Goenka, Burmese-Indian author and educator (died 2013)

• 1925 Douglas Engelbart, American computer scientist, invented the computer mouse (died 2013)

• 1927 Olof Palme, Swedish statesman, 26th Prime Minister of Sweden (died 1986)

• 1928 Harold Prince, American director and producer (died 2019)

• 1928 Paul Seymour, American basketball player and coach (died 1998)

• 1929 Lois Hole, Canadian businesswoman and politician, 15th Lieutenant Governor of Alberta (died 2005)

• 1929 Hugh Tayfield, South African cricketer (died 1994)

• 1929 Lucille Teasdale-Corti, Canadian-Italian physician and humanitarian (died 1996)

• 1930 Gene Hackman, American actor and author (died 2025)

• 1930 Magnus Malan, South African general and politician, South African Minister of Defence (died 2011)

• 1931 John Crosbie, Canadian lawyer and politician, 34th Canadian Minister of Justice (died 2020)

• 1931 Shirley Hazzard, Australian-American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (died 2016)

• 1932 Knock Yokoyama, Japanese comedian and politician (died 2007)

• 1934 Tammy Grimes, American actress and singer (died 2016)

• 1935 Richard Brautigan, American novelist, poet, and short story writer (died 1984)

• 1935 Tubby Hayes, English saxophonist and composer (died 1973)

• 1936 Horst Jankowski, German pianist and composer (died 1998)

• 1937 Vanessa Redgrave, English actress

• 1937 Boris Spassky, Russian chess grandmaster (died 2025)

• 1938 Islam Karimov, Uzbek politician, 1st President of Uzbekistan (died 2016)

• 1941 Gregory Benford, American astrophysicist and author

• 1941 Dick Cheney, American businessman and politician, 46th Vice President of the United States (died 2025)

• 1941 Tineke Lagerberg, Dutch swimmer

• 1942 Marty Balin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2018)

• 1943 Davey Johnson, American baseball player and manager (died 2025)

• 1944 Lynn Harrell, American cellist and academic (died 2020)

• 1944 Colin Rimer, English lawyer and judge

• 1945 Meir Dagan, Israeli military officer and intelligence official, Director of Mossad (2002–11) (died 2016)

• 1945 Michael Dorris, American author and scholar (died 1997)

• 1946 John Bird, Baron Bird, English publisher, founded The Big Issue

• 1947 Les Barker, English poet and author (died 2023)

• 1947 Steve Marriott, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1991)

• 1949 Peter Agre, American physician and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate

• 1950 Jack Newton, Australian golfer (died 2022)

• 1951 Phil Collins, English drummer, singer-songwriter, producer, and actor

• 1951 Charles S. Dutton, American actor and director

• 1951 Bobby Stokes, English footballer (died 1995)

• 1952 Doug Falconer, Canadian football player and producer (died 2021)

• 1953 Fred Hembeck, American author and illustrator

• 1955 John Baldacci, American politician, 73rd Governor of Maine

• 1955 Curtis Strange, American golfer

• 1955 Mychal Thompson, Bahamian-American basketball player and sportscaster

• 1956 Ann Dowd, American actress

• 1957 Chris Jansing, American television reporter

• 1957 Payne Stewart, American golfer (died 1999)

• 1958 Brett Butler, American actress

• 1959 Jody Watley, American entertainer

• 1962 Abdullah II of Jordan

• 1962 Mary Kay Letourneau, American sex offender (died 2020)

• 1964 Otis Smith, American basketball player, coach, and manager

• 1965 Julie McCullough, American actress

• 1965 Kevin Moore, Australian rugby league player and coach

• 1966 Danielle Goyette, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

• 1968 Felipe VI, King of Spain

• 1969 Justin Skinner, English footballer and manager

• 1970 Kimiya Yui, Japanese astronaut

• 1972 Mike Johnson, American politician, 56th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

• 1972 Chris Simon, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1973 Jalen Rose, American basketball player and sportscaster

• 1974 Christian Bale, British actor

• 1974 Olivia Colman, English actress

• 1975 Juninho Pernambucano, Brazilian footballer

• 1976 Andy Milonakis, American entertainer

• 1978 Carmen Küng, Swiss curler

• 1978 John Patterson, American baseball player

• 1979 Trevor Gillies, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1980 Lena Hall, American actress and singer

• 1980 Josh Kelley, American singer-songwriter and musician

• 1980 Georgios Vakouftsis, Greek footballer

• 1980 Wilmer Valderrama, American actor and producer

• 1980 Lee Zeldin, American politician and 17th Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.

• 1981 Jonathan Bender, American basketball player

• 1981 Dimitar Berbatov, Bulgarian footballer

• 1981 Peter Crouch, English footballer

• 1981 Mathias Lauda, Austrian racing driver

• 1982 Jorge Cantú, American-Mexican baseball player

• 1982 DeSagana Diop, Senegalese basketball player and coach

• 1982 Cameron Wake, American football player

• 1983 Drake Maverick, English wrestler

• 1983 Slavko Vraneš, Montenegrin basketball player

• 1984 Kid Cudi, American entertainer

• 1984 Junior dos Santos, Brazilian mixed martial artist

• 1984 Kotoshōgiku Kazuhiro, Japanese sumo wrestler

• 1985 Gisela Dulko, Argentinian tennis player

• 1987 Becky Lynch, Irish wrestler

• 1987 Phil Lester, English Youtuber

• 1987 Renato Santos, Brazilian footballer

• 1987 Arda Turan, Turkish footballer

• 1989 Jahvid Best, American football player and athlete

• 1989 Kylie Bunbury, Canadian-American actress

• 1989 Misha Zilberman, Israeli Olympic badminton player

• 1990 Melissa Duncan, Australian track and field athlete

• 1990 Eiza González, Mexican actress and singer

• 1990 Luca Sbisa, Italian-Swiss ice hockey player and coach

• 1990 Mitchell Starc, Australian cricketer

• 1990 Jake Thomas, American actor

• 1991 Stefan Elliott, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1991 Jason Gastrow, American YouTuber

• 1993 Katy Marchant, English track cyclist

• 1993 Kodai Senga, Japanese baseball player

• 1993 Thitipoom Techaapaikhun, Thai actor

• 1994 Amelia Dimoldenberg, English comedian, writer and presenter

• 1995 Danielle Campbell, American actress

• 1995 Jack Laugher, English diver

• 1995 Marcos Llorente, Spanish footballer

• 1996 Dafne Navarro, Mexican trampoline gymnast

• 1997 Thomas Chabot, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1997 Colin White, American ice hockey player

• 2000 Markella Kavenagh, Australian actress

• 2000 Bryan Woo, American baseball player

• 2001 Curtis Jones, English footballer

• 2002 Tyla, South African singer and songwriter.

• 2002 Bijan Robinson, American football player

• 2003 Amen Thompson, American basketball player

• 2003 Ausar Thompson, American basketball player

• 2005 Prince Hashem, second son of King Abdullah II of Jordan

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 680 Balthild, Frankish queen (born 626)

• 970 Peter I of Bulgaria

• 1030 William V of Aquitaine (born 969)

• 1181 Emperor Takakura of Japan (born 1161)

• 1240 Pelagio Galvani, Leonese lawyer and cardinal (born 1165)

• 1314 Nicholas III of Saint Omer

• 1344 William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury (born 1301)

• 1384 Louis II of Flanders (born 1330)

• 1574 Damião de Góis, Portuguese historian and philosopher (born 1502)

1601–1900

• 1606 Everard Digby, English criminal (born 1578)

• 1606 John Grant, English conspirator (born 1570)

• 1606 Robert Wintour, English conspirator (born 1565)

• 1649 Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland (born 1600)

• 1664 Cornelis de Graeff, Dutch mayor (born 1599)

• 1730 Peter II of Russia (born 1715)

• 1770 Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius de Soldanis, Maltese linguist, historian and cleric (born 1712)

• 1836 Betsy Ross, American seamstress, said to have designed the American Flag (born 1752)

• 1838 Osceola, American tribal leader (born 1804)

• 1858 Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Dutch zoologist and ornithologist (born 1778)

• 1867 Emperor Kōmei of Japan (born 1831)

• 1869 William Carleton, Irish author (born 1794)

• 1881 Arthur O'Shaughnessy, English poet and herpetologist (born 1844)

• 1889 Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, heir apparent to the throne of Austria-Hungary (born 1858)

1901–present

• 1923 Columba Marmion, Benedictine abbot (born 1858)

• 1926 Barbara La Marr, American actress (born 1896)

• 1928 Johannes Fibiger, Danish physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1867)

• 1934 Frank Nelson Doubleday, American publisher, founded the Doubleday Publishing Company (born 1862)

• 1947 Frederick Blackman, English botanist and physiologist (born 1866)

• 1948 Arthur Coningham, Australian air marshal (born 1895)

• 1948 Mahatma Gandhi, leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule (born 1869)

• 1948 Orville Wright, American pilot and engineer, co-founded the Wright Company (born 1871)

• 1951 Ferdinand Porsche, Austrian-German engineer and businessman, founded Porsche (born 1875)

• 1958 Jean Crotti, Swiss painter (born 1878)

• 1958 Ernst Heinkel, German engineer and businessman; founded the Heinkel Aircraft Company (born 1888)

• 1962 Manuel de Abreu, Brazilian physician and engineer (born 1894)

• 1963 Francis Poulenc, French pianist and composer (born 1899)

• 1966 Jaan Hargel, Estonian flute player, conductor, and educator (born 1912)

• 1968 Makhanlal Chaturvedi, Indian poet, playwright, and journalist (born 1889)

• 1969 Dominique Pire, Belgian friar, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1910)

• 1973 Elizabeth Baker, American economist and academic (born 1885)

• 1973 Titina Silá, Bissau-Guinean revolutionary (born 1943)

• 1974 Olav Roots, Estonian pianist and composer (born 1910)

• 1977 Paul Marais de Beauchamp, French zoologist (born 1883)

• 1980 Professor Longhair, American singer-songwriter and pianist (born 1918)

• 1982 Lightnin' Hopkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1912)

• 1991 John Bardeen, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1908)

• 1991 Clifton C. Edom, American photographer and educator (born 1907)

• 1993 Alexandra of Yugoslavia, the last Queen of Yugoslavia (born 1921)

• 1994 Pierre Boulle, French soldier and author (born 1912)

• 1999 Huntz Hall, American actor (born 1919)

• 1999 Ed Herlihy, American journalist (born 1909)

• 2001 Jean-Pierre Aumont, French soldier and actor (born 1911)

• 2001 Johnnie Johnson, English air marshal and pilot (born 1915)

• 2001 Joseph Ransohoff, American surgeon and educator (born 1915)

• 2004 Egon Mayer, Swiss-American sociologist (born 1944)

• 2005 Martyn Bennett, Canadian-Scottish violinist (born 1971)

• 2006 Coretta Scott King, American author and activist (born 1927)

• 2006 Wendy Wasserstein, American playwright and academic (born 1950)

• 2007 Sidney Sheldon, American author and screenwriter (born 1917)

• 2008 Marcial Maciel, Mexican-American priest, founded the Legion of Christ and Regnum Christi (born 1920)

• 2009 H. Guy Hunt, American soldier, pastor, and politician, 49th Governor of Alabama (born 1933)

• 2010 Fadil Ferati, Kosovar accountant and politician (born 1960)

• 2011 John Barry, English composer and conductor (born 1933)

• 2012 Frank Aschenbrenner, American football player and soldier (born 1925)

• 2012 Doeschka Meijsing, Dutch author (born 1947)

• 2013 Gamal al-Banna, Egyptian author and scholar (born 1920)

• 2013 Patty Andrews, American singer (born 1918)

• 2013 George Witt, American baseball player and coach (born 1931)

• 2014 Stefan Bałuk, Polish general and photographer (born 1914)

• 2014 The Mighty Hannibal, American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1939)

• 2014 Russell D. Hemenway, American political activist (born 1925)

• 2014 William Motzing, American composer and conductor (born 1937)

• 2014 Arthur Rankin Jr., American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1924)

• 2014 Greater, oldest known greater flamingo and Feast Festival 2021 mascot (h. c.1919–1933)

• 2015 Carl Djerassi, Austrian-American chemist, author, and playwright (born 1923)

• 2015 Ülo Kaevats, Estonian academic, philosopher, and politician (born 1947)

• 2015 Geraldine McEwan, English actress (born 1932)

• 2015 Gerrit Voorting, Dutch cyclist (born 1923)

• 2015 Zhelyu Zhelev, Bulgarian philosopher and politician, 2nd President of Bulgaria (born 1935)

• 2016 Frank Finlay, English actor (born 1926)

• 2016 Francisco Flores Pérez, Salvadorian politician, President of El Salvador (born 1959)

• 2016 Georgia Davis Powers, American activist and politician (born 1923)

• 2016 Gaston Mialaret, French pedagogist and professor (born 1918)

• 2018 Mark Salling, American actor and musician (born 1982)

• 2019 Dick Miller, American actor (born 1928)

• 2021 Sophie, Scottish musician (born 1986)

• 2022 Cheslie Kryst, American television presenter and model (born 1991)

• 2023 Bobby Beathard, American Pro Football Hall of Fame executive (born 1937)

• 2023 Bobby Hull, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1939)

• 2024 Chita Rivera, American actress, singer, and dancer (born 1933)

• 2025 Dick Button, American figure skater and actor (born 1929)

• 2025 Julius Chan, Papua New Guinean politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (born 1939)

• 2025 Marianne Faithfull, English singer-songwriter and actress (born 1946)

• 2025 Edcel Lagman, Filipino politician (born 1942)

• 2026 Catherine O'Hara, Canadian-American actress, comedian and screenwriter (born 1954)

Holidays and observances

Christian Feast Day:

• Adelelmus of Burgos

• Aldegonde

• Anthony the Great (Coptic Church)

• Armentarius of Pavia

• Balthild

• Charles, King and Martyr (various provinces of the Anglican Communion)

• Hyacintha Mariscotti

• Martina

• Matthias of Jerusalem

• Mutien-Marie Wiaux

• Savina

Three Holy Hierarchs (Eastern Orthodox), and its related observances:

• Teacher's Day (Greece)

• January 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Day of Azerbaijani customs (Azerbaijan)

• Day of Saudade (Brazil)

• Fred Korematsu Day (California, Florida, Hawaii, Virginia)

Martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi, and its related observances:

• Martyrs' Day (India)

• School Day of Non-violence and Peace (Spain)

• Start of the Season for Nonviolence (January 30 – April 4)

References

External links

• BBC: On This Day

• Historical Events on January 30