Events

Pre-1600

• 337 Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti.

• 1000 Battle of Svolder during the Viking Age.

• 1141 Yelü Dashi, the Liao dynasty general who founded the Qara Khitai, defeats the Seljuq and Kara-Khanid forces at the Battle of Qatwan.

• 1320 In the Battle of Saint George, the Byzantines under Andronikos Asen ambush and defeat the forces of the Principality of Achaea, securing possession of Arcadia.

• 1488 Anne becomes sovereign Duchess of Brittany, becoming a central figure in the struggle for influence that leads to the union of Brittany and France.

• 1493 Battle of Krbava Field, a decisive defeat of Croats in Croatian struggle against the invasion by the Ottoman Empire.

• 1493 Christopher Columbus, with 17 ships and 1,200 men, sails on second voyage from Cadiz.

• 1499 The citizens of Lisbon celebrate the triumphal return of the explorer Vasco de Gama, completing his two-year journey around the Cape of Good Hope to India.

• 1513 James IV of Scotland is defeated and dies in the Battle of Flodden, ending Scotland's involvement in the War of the League of Cambrai.

• 1543 Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.

• 1561 The ultimately unsuccessful Colloquy of Poissy opens in an effort to reconcile French Catholics and Protestants.

• 1588 Thomas Cavendish in his ship Desire enters Plymouth and completes the first deliberately planned voyage of circumnavigation.

1601–1900

• 1739 Stono Rebellion, the largest slave uprising in Britain's mainland North American colonies prior to the American Revolution, erupts near Charleston, South Carolina.

• 1776 The Continental Congress officially names its union of states the United States.

• 1791 Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is named after President George Washington.

• 1796 Grenelle camp affair, a failed uprising by supporters of Gracchus Babeuf against the French Directory

• 1801 Alexander I of Russia confirms the privileges of Baltic provinces.

• 1839 John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph.

• 1845 Possible start of the Great Famine of Ireland.

• 1850 The Compromise of 1850 transfers a third of Texas's claimed territory to federal control in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.

• 1850 California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state.

• 1855 Crimean War: The Siege of Sevastopol comes to an end when Russian forces abandon the city.

• 1863 American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.

• 1892 Amalthea becomes the last moon to be discovered without the use of photography.

1901–present

• 1914 World War I: The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.

• 1922 The Greco-Turkish War effectively ends with Turkish victory over the Greeks in Smyrna.

• 1923 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, founds the Republican People's Party.

• 1924 Hanapepe massacre occurs on Kauai, Hawaii.

• 1936 The crews of Portuguese Navy frigate and destroyer Dão mutinied against the Salazar dictatorship's support of General Franco's coup and declared their solidarity with the Spanish Republic.

• 1939 World War II: The Battle of Hel begins, the longest-defended pocket of Polish Army resistance during the German invasion of Poland.

• 1939 Burmese national hero U Ottama dies in prison after a hunger strike to protest Britain's colonial government.

• 1940 George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.

• 1940 Treznea Massacre in Transylvania.

• 1942 World War II: A Japaneseese floatplane drops incendiary bombs on Oregon.

• 1943 World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto, Italy.

• 1944 World War II: The Fatherland Front takes power in Bulgaria through a military coup in the capital and armed rebellion in the country. A new pro-Soviet government is established.

• 1945 Second Sino-Japanese War: The Empire of Japan formally surrenders to China.

• 1947 First case of a computer bug being found: A moth lodges in a relay of a Harvard Mark II computer at Harvard University.

• 1948 Kim Il Sung is appointed as premier of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). This is celebrated annually as its national holiday.

• 1954 The 6.7 Chlef earthquake shakes northern Algeria with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme). At least 1,243 people were killed and 5,000 were injured.

• 1956 Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.

• 1965 The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is established.

• 1965 Hurricane Betsy makes its second landfall near New Orleans, leaving 76 dead and $1.42billion ($10–12billion in 2005 dollars) in damages, becoming the first hurricane to cause over $1billion in unadjusted damage.

• 1966 The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act is signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.

• 1969 In Canada, the Official Languages Act comes into force, making French equal to English throughout the Federal government.

• 1969 Allegheny Airlines Flight 863 collides in mid-air with a Piper PA-28 Cherokee over Moral Township, Shelby County, Indiana, killing all 83 people on board both aircraft.

• 1970 A British airliner is hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and flown to Dawson's Field in Jordan.

• 1971 The four-day Attica Prison riot begins, eventually resulting in 39 dead, most killed by state troopers retaking the prison.

• 1972 In Kentucky's Mammoth Cave National Park, a Cave Research Foundation exploration and mapping team discovers a link between the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems, making it the longest known cave passageway in the world.

• 1976 Two Aeroflot flights collide in mid-air over Anapa, Soviet Union, killing 70.

• 1988 Vietnam Airlines Flight 831 crashes in Khu Khot, Thailand, while on approach to Don Muang International Airport, killing 76.

• 1990 Batticaloa massacre: Massacre of 184 Tamil civilians by the Sri Lankan Army in Batticaloa District.

• 1991 Tajikistan declares independence from the Soviet Union.

• 1993 Israeli–Palestinian peace process: The Palestine Liberation Organization officially recognizes Israel as a legitimate state.

• 1994 Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-64.

• 2001 Ahmad Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, is assassinated in Afghanistan by two al-Qaeda assassins who claimed to be Arab journalists wanting an interview.

• 2006 Space Shuttle Program: Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on STS-115 to resume assembling the International Space Station. It is the first ISS assembly mission after the Columbia disaster back in 2003.

• 2009 The Dubai Metro, the first urban train network in the Arabian Peninsula, is ceremonially inaugurated.

• 2012 The Indian space agency puts into orbit its heaviest foreign satellite yet, in a streak of 21 consecutive successful PSLV launches.

• 2012 A wave of attacks kills more than 100 people and injure 350 others across Iraq.

• 2014 The album Songs of Innocence by U2 is digitally released at no charge to all customers of the iTunes Music Store, appearing automatically in the "purchased" section of over 500 million users worldwide.

• 2015 Elizabeth II becomes the longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom.

• 2016 The government of North Korea conducts its fifth and reportedly biggest nuclear test. World leaders condemn the act, with South Korea calling it "maniacal recklessness".

• 2025 Six people are killed when Israel carries out an airstrike on Doha in a failed attempt to decapitate the Hamas leadership.

• 2025 Several Russian drones incur on Polish airspace and are subsequently shot down, marking the first time a NATO member has engaged Russian military assets.

Births

Pre-1600

• 214/15 Aurelian, Roman emperor (died 275)

• 384 Honorius, Roman emperor (died 423)

• 1349 Albert III, Duke of Austria (died 1395)

• 1427 Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros, English soldier and politician (died 1464)

• 1466 Ashikaga Yoshitane, Japanese shōgun (died 1523)

• 1558 Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur (died 1602)

• 1585 Cardinal Richelieu, French cardinal and politician (died 1642)

1601–1900

• 1629 Cornelis Tromp, Dutch general (died 1691)

• 1700 Princess Anna Sophie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (died 1780)

• 1711 Thomas Hutchinson, English historian and politician, Governor of the province of Massachusetts Bay (died 1780)

• 1721 Fredrik Henrik af Chapman, Swedish admiral and shipbuilder (died 1808)

• 1731 Francisco Javier Clavijero, Mexican priest, historian, and scholar (died 1787)

• 1737 Luigi Galvani, Italian physician and physicist (died 1798)

• 1754 William Bligh, English admiral and politician, 4th Governor of New South Wales (died 1817)

• 1755 Benjamin Bourne, American judge and politician (died 1808)

• 1777 James Carr, American soldier and politician (died 1818)

• 1778 Clemens Brentano, German poet and author (died 1842)

• 1789 Menachem Mendel Schneersohn, Polish rabbi (died 1866)

• 1807 Richard Chenevix Trench, Irish-English archbishop and philologist (died 1886)

• 1823 Joseph Leidy, American paleontologist and academic (died 1891)

• 1828 Leo Tolstoy, Russian author and playwright (died 1910)

• 1834 Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English author (died 1903)

• 1853 Fred Spofforth, Australian-English cricketer and merchant (died 1926)

• 1855 Houston Stewart Chamberlain, English-German philosopher and author (died 1927)

• 1863 Herbert Henry Ball, English-Canadian journalist and politician (died 1943)

• 1868 Mary Hunter Austin, American author, poet, and critic (died 1934)

• 1873 Max Reinhardt, Austrian-born American theater and film director (died 1943)

• 1876 Frank Chance, American baseball player and manager (died 1924)

• 1877 James Agate, English journalist, author, and critic (died 1947)

• 1878 Adelaide Crapsey, American poet and critic (died 1914)

• 1878 Arthur Fox, English-American fencer (died 1958)

• 1878 Sergio Osmeña, Filipino lawyer and politician, 4th President of the Philippines (died 1961)

• 1882 Clem McCarthy, American sportscaster (died 1962)

• 1885 Miriam Licette, English soprano and educator (died 1969)

• 1885 Clare Sheridan, English sculptor and author (died 1970)

• 1887 Alf Landon, American lieutenant, banker, and politician, 26th Governor of Kansas (died 1987)

• 1890 Colonel Sanders, American businessman, founded KFC (died 1980)

• 1894 Arthur Freed, American composer and producer (died 1973)

• 1894 Humphrey Mitchell, Canadian trade union leader and politician, 14th Canadian Minister of Labour (died 1950)

• 1894 Bert Oldfield, Australian cricketer and soldier (died 1976)

• 1898 Frankie Frisch, American baseball player and manager (died 1973)

• 1899 Neil Hamilton, American stage, film and television actor (died 1984)

• 1899 Waite Hoyt, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 1984)

• 1899 Bruno E. Jacob, American academic, founded the National Forensic League (died 1979)

• 1900 James Hilton, English-American author and screenwriter (died 1954)

1901–present

• 1903 Lev Shankovsky, Ukrainian military historian (died 1995)

• 1903 Edward Upward, English author (died 2009)

• 1903 Phyllis A. Whitney, American author (died 2008)

• 1904 Feroze Khan, Indian-Pakistani field hockey player and coach (died 2005)

• 1904 Arthur Laing, Canadian lawyer and politician, 9th Canadian Minister of Veterans Affairs (died 1975)

• 1905 Joseph E. Levine, American film producer, founded Embassy Pictures (died 1987)

• 1905 Brahmarishi Hussain Sha, Indian philosopher and poet (died 1981)

• 1906 Ali Hadi Bara, Iranian-Turkish sculptor and educator (died 1971)

• 1907 Leon Edel, American author and critic (died 1997)

• 1908 Cesare Pavese, Italian poet and author (died 1950)

• 1908 Shigekazu Shimazaki, Japanese admiral (died 1945)

• 1911 Paul Goodman, American author, poet, and playwright (died 1972)

• 1911 John Gorton, Australian lieutenant and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (died 2002)

• 1914 John Passmore, Australian philosopher and academic (died 2004)

• 1918 Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, Italian lawyer and politician, 9th President of Italy (died 2012)

• 1919 Gottfried Dienst, Swiss footballer and referee (died 1998)

• 1919 Jimmy Snyder, American sportscaster (died 1996)

• 1920 Neil Chotem, Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor (died 2008)

• 1920 Feng Kang, Chinese mathematician and physicist (died 1993)

• 1920 Robert Wood Johnson III, American businessman and philanthropist (died 1970)

• 1922 Hoyt Curtin, American composer and producer (died 2000)

• 1922 Hans Georg Dehmelt, German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2017)

• 1922 Manolis Glezos, Greek journalist and politician (died 2020)

• 1922 Warwick Estevam Kerr, Brazilian geneticist, entomologist, and engineer (died 2018)

• 1923 Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2008)

• 1923 Cliff Robertson, American actor (died 2011)

• 1924 Jane Greer, American actress (died 2001)

• 1924 Sylvia Miles, American actress (died 2019)

• 1924 Russell M. Nelson, American captain, surgeon, and religious leader (died 2025)

• 1924 Rik Van Steenbergen, Belgian cyclist (died 2003)

• 1926 Louise Abeita, Isleta Pueblo (Native American) writer, poet, and educator (died 2014)

• 1926 Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Egyptian theologian and author (died 2022)

• 1927 Elvin Jones, American drummer and bandleader (died 2004)

• 1927 Tatyana Zaslavskaya, Russian sociologist and economist (died 2013)

• 1928 Moses Anderson, American Roman Catholic bishop (died 2013)

• 1928 Sol LeWitt, American painter and sculptor (died 2007)

• 1929 Claude Nougaro, French singer-songwriter (died 2004)

• 1930 Francis Carroll, Australian archbishop (died 2024)

• 1931 Robin Hyman, English author and publisher (died 2017)

• 1931 Zoltán Latinovits, Hungarian actor and author (died 1976)

• 1931 Ida Mae Martinez, American wrestler (died 2010)

• 1931 Shirley Summerskill, English physician and politician

• 1931 Margaret Tyzack, English actress (died 2011)

• 1932 Carm Lino Spiteri, Maltese architect and politician (died 2008)

• 1934 Nicholas Liverpool, Dominican lawyer and politician, 6th President of Dominica (died 2015)

• 1934 Sonia Sanchez, American poet, playwright, and activist

• 1935 Gopal Baratham, Singaporean neurosurgeon and author (died 2002)

• 1935 Nadim Sawalha, Jordanian-born English actor

• 1935 Chaim Topol, Israeli actor, singer, and producer (died 2023)

• 1936 William Bradshaw, Baron Bradshaw, English academic and politician

• 1938 John Davis, English anthropologist and academic (died 2017)

• 1938 Jay Ward, American baseball player, coach, and manager (died 2012)

• 1939 Ron McDole, American football player

• 1940 Hugh Morgan, Australian businessman

• 1940 Joe Negroni, American doo-wop singer (died 1978)

• 1941 Syed Abid Ali, Indian cricketer

• 1941 Otis Redding, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 1967)

• 1941 Dennis Ritchie, American computer scientist, created the C programming language (died 2011)

• 1942 The Iron Sheik, Iranian-American wrestler and actor (died 2023)

• 1942 Inez Foxx, American singer (died 2022)

• 1942 Danny Kalb, American singer and guitarist (died 2022)

• 1943 Frank Clark, English footballer, manager and chairman

• 1945 Ton van Heugten, Dutch motocross racer (died 2008)

• 1945 Dee Dee Sharp, American singer

• 1945 Doug Ingle, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (died 2024)

• 1946 Jim Keays, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter (died 2014)

• 1946 Bruce Palmer, Canadian folk-rock bass player (died 2004)

• 1947 David Rosenboom, American composer and educator

• 1947 Freddy Weller, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1947 T. M. Wright, American author, poet, and illustrator (died 2015)

• 1949 John Curry, English figure skater (died 1994)

• 1949 Daniel Pipes, American historian and author

• 1949 Joe Theismann, American football player and sportscaster

• 1949 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Indonesian general and politician, 6th President of Indonesia

• 1950 Gogi Alauddin, Pakistani squash player and coach

• 1950 John McFee, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1951 Alexander Downer, Australian economist and politician, 34th Minister of Foreign Affairs for Australia

• 1951 Tom Wopat, American actor and singer

• 1952 Angela Cartwright, English-American actress, author, and singer

• 1952 Per Jørgensen, Norwegian singer and trumpet player

• 1952 Dave Stewart, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1953 Janet Fielding, Australian actress

• 1954 Walter Davis, American basketball player (died 2023)

• 1955 John Kricfalusi, Canadian voice actor, animator, director, and screenwriter

• 1957 Pierre-Laurent Aimard, French pianist and educator

• 1959 Tom Foley, American baseball player and coach

• 1959 Éric Serra, French composer and producer

• 1960 Hugh Grant, English actor and producer

• 1960 Bob Hartley, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

• 1960 Johnson Righeira, Italian singer-songwriter, musician, record producer and actor

• 1960 Bob Stoops, American football player and coach

• 1960 Kimberly Willis Holt, American author

• 1963 Chris Coons, American lawyer and politician

• 1963 Roberto Donadoni, Italian footballer and manager

• 1963 Neil Fairbrother, English cricketer

• 1964 Aleksandar Hemon, Bosnian-American author and critic

• 1964 Skip Kendall, American golfer

• 1965 Charles Esten, American actor, comedian, and musician

• 1965 Dan Majerle, American basketball player and coach

• 1965 Constance Marie, American actress

• 1965 Marcel Peeper, Dutch footballer

• 1966 Georg Hackl, German luger and coach

• 1966 Kevin Hatcher, American ice hockey player

• 1966 Adam Sandler, American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter

• 1966 Brian Smith, Australian-Irish rugby player and coach (died 2026)

• 1967 B. J. Armstrong, American basketball player and sportscaster

• 1967 Chris Caffery, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1967 Mark Shrader, American wrestler

• 1967 Akshay Kumar, Indian actor and producer

• 1968 Jon Drummond, American sprinter and coach

• 1968 Clive Mendonca, English footballer

• 1968 Julia Sawalha, English actress

• 1969 Rachel Hunter, New Zealand model and actress

• 1969 Natasha Stott Despoja, Australian politician

• 1970 Natalia Streignard, Spanish-Venezuelan actress

• 1971 Eric Stonestreet, American actor

• 1971 Henry Thomas, American actor and guitarist

• 1972 Mike Hampton, American baseball player and coach

• 1972 Natasha Kaplinsky, English journalist

• 1972 Jakko Jan Leeuwangh, Dutch speed skater

• 1972 Miriam Oremans, Dutch tennis player

• 1972 Xavi Pascual, Spanish professional basketball coach

• 1972 Félix Rodríguez, Dominican baseball player

• 1972 Goran Višnjić, Croatian-American actor

• 1973 Kazuhisa Ishii, Japanese baseball player

• 1974 Vikram Batra, Indian captain (died 1999)

• 1974 Shane Crawford, Australian footballer and television host

• 1974 Marcos Curiel, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1974 Jun Kasai, Japanese wrestler

• 1974 Gok Wan, English fashion stylist, author, and television host

• 1975 Michael Bublé, Canadian singer-songwriter and actor

• 1975 Anton Oliver, New Zealand rugby player

• 1976 Emma de Caunes, French actress

• 1976 El Intocable, Mexican wrestler

• 1976 Hanno Möttölä, Finnish basketball player

• 1976 Joey Newman, American composer and conductor

• 1976 Mattias Öhlund, Swedish ice hockey player

• 1976 Aki Riihilahti, Finnish footballer and coach

• 1976 Kristoffer Rygg, Norwegian singer-songwriter and producer

• 1977 Kyle Snyder, American baseball player and coach

• 1977 Fatih Tekke, Turkish footballer and manager

• 1978 Kurt Ainsworth, American baseball player and businessman, co-founded Marucci Sports

• 1978 Shane Battier, American basketball player and sportscaster

• 1979 Wayne Carlisle, Northern Irish footballer and coach

• 1979 Nikki DeLoach, American actress and singer

• 1980 Todd Coffey, American baseball player

• 1980 David Fa'alogo, New Zealand rugby league player

• 1980 Michelle Williams, American actress

• 1981 Julie Gonzalo, Argentine-American actress

• 1982 John Kuhn, American football player

• 1982 Graham Onions, English cricketer

• 1982 Ai Otsuka, Japanese singer-songwriter, pianist, and actress

• 1983 Vitolo, Spanish footballer

• 1983 Kyle Davies, American baseball player

• 1983 Edwin Jackson, American baseball player

• 1983 Cleveland Taylor, English footballer

• 1984 Brad Guzan, American soccer player

• 1984 James Hildreth, English cricketer

• 1984 Michalis Sifakis, Greek footballer

• 1985 Martin Johnson, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

• 1985 Luka Modrić, Croatian footballer

• 1985 J. R. Smith, American basketball player

• 1986 Michael Bowden, American baseball player

• 1986 Chamu Chibhabha, Zimbabwean cricketer

• 1986 Timothy Granaderos, American actor and model

• 1986 Luc Mbah a Moute, Cameroonian basketball player

• 1986 Keith Yandle, American hockey player

• 1987 Markus Jürgenson, Estonian footballer

• 1987 Andrea Petkovic, German tennis player

• 1987 Afrojack, Dutch-Surinamese DJ, record producer, and remixer

• 1987 Ahmed Elmohamady, Egyptian footballer

• 1987 Nicole Aniston, American actress and model

• 1988 Danilo D'Ambrosio, Italian footballer

• 1988 Will Middlebrooks, American baseball player

• 1989 Alfonzo Dennard, American football player

• 1989 Casey Hayward, American football player

• 1990 Billy Hamilton, American baseball player

• 1990 Shaun Johnson, New Zealand rugby league player

• 1990 Haley Reinhart, American singer-songwriter and actress

• 1990 Andrew Smith, American basketball player (died 2016)

• 1990 Jordan Tabor, English footballer (died 2014)

• 1991 Kelsey Asbille, American actress

• 1991 Lauren Daigle, American contemporary Christian music singer and songwriter

• 1991 Hunter Hayes, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

• 1991 Oscar, Brazilian footballer

• 1991 Danilo Pereira, Bissauan-Portuguese footballer

• 1992 Shannon Boyd, Australian rugby league player

• 1992 Damian McGinty, Northern Irish actor and singer

• 1993 Cameron Cullen, Australian rugby league player

• 1993 Crazy Mary Dobson, American wrestler

• 1993 Sharon van Rouwendaal, Dutch swimmer

• 1994 Yuliana Korolkova, Russian model and beauty pageant titleholder

• 1994 Clinton Gutherson, Australian rugby league player

• 1996 Gabby Williams, American-French basketball player

• 1998 Jordan Nwora, Nigerian-American basketball player

• 2000 Ricky Pearsall, American football player

• 2001 Hailey Van Lith, American basketball player

• 2003 Luke Hughes, American ice hockey player

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 906 Adalbert von Babenberg, Frankish nobleman

• 1000 Olaf I, king of Norway

• 1031 Kang Kam-ch'an, Korean general (born 948)

• 1087 William the Conqueror, English king (born c. 1028)

• 1191 Conrad II, duke of Bohemia

• 1271 Yaroslav of Tver, Russian Grand Prince (born 1230)

• 1282 Ingrid of Skänninge, Swedish abbess and saint

• 1285 Kunigunda of Halych, queen regent of Bohemia (born 1245)

• 1398 James I, king of Cyprus (born 1334)

• 1435 Robert Harling, English knight

• 1438 Edward, king of Portugal (born 1391)

• 1487 Chenghua, emperor of China (born 1447)

• 1488 Francis II, duke of Brittany (born 1433)

1513 Notable Scottish casualties of the Battle of Flodden

• James IV, king of Scotland (born 1473)

• George Douglas, Scottish nobleman (born 1469)

• William Douglas of Glenbervie, Scottish nobleman (born 1473)

• William Graham, 1st Earl of Montrose, Scottish politician (born 1464)

• Alexander Lauder of Blyth, Scottish politician

• Alexander Stewart, Scottish archbishop (born 1493)

• 1569 Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Dutch painter (born 1525)

• 1583 Humphrey Gilbert, English explorer and politician (born 1539)

• 1596 Anna Jagiellon, Polish queen (born 1523)

1601–1900

• 1603 George Carey, 2nd Baron Hunsdon, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire (born 1547)

• 1611 Eleanor de' Medici, Italian noblewoman (born 1567)

• 1612 Nakagawa Hidenari, Japanese daimyō (born 1570)

• 1676 Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, French soldier, founded Montreal (born 1612)

• 1680 Henry Marten, English lawyer and politician (born 1602)

• 1703 Charles de Saint-Évremond, French-English soldier, author, and critic (born 1610)

• 1755 Johann Lorenz von Mosheim, German historian and author (born 1694)

• 1806 William Paterson, Irish-American judge and politician, 2nd Governor of New Jersey (born 1745)

• 1815 John Singleton Copley, American-English colonial and painter (born 1738)

• 1834 James Weddell, Belgian-English sailor and navigator (born 1787)

• 1841 Augustin Pyramus de Candolle, Swiss botanist, mycologist, and academic (born 1778)

• 1891 Jules Grévy, French politician, 4th President of the French Republic (born 1813)

• 1893 Friedrich Traugott Kützing, German pharmacist, botanist and phycologist (born 1807)

• 1898 Stéphane Mallarmé, French poet and critic (born 1842)

1901–present

• 1901 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, French painter and illustrator (born 1864)

• 1907 Ernest Wilberforce, English bishop (born 1840)

• 1909 E. H. Harriman, American businessman and philanthropist (born 1848)

• 1910 Lloyd Wheaton Bowers, American lawyer and politician, United States Solicitor General (born 1859)

• 1915 Albert Spalding, American baseball player, manager, and businessman, co-founded Spalding (born 1850)

• 1923 Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca, Brazilian president (born 1855)

• 1934 Roger Fry, English painter and critic (born 1866)

• 1941 Hans Spemann, German embryologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1869)

• 1942 Adele Kurzweil, Austrian Holocaust victim (born 1925)

• 1943 Carlo Bergamini, Italian admiral (born 1888)

• 1943 Charles McLean Andrews, American historian, author, and academic (born 1863)

• 1945 Max Ehrmann, American poet and lawyer (born 1872)

• 1950 Victor Hémery, French racing driver (born 1876)

• 1955 Carl Friedberg, German pianist and educator (born 1872)

• 1958 Charlie Macartney, Australian cricketer and soldier (born 1886)

• 1959 Ramón Fonst, Cuban fencer (born 1883)

• 1960 Jussi Björling, Swedish tenor (born 1911)

• 1963 Edwin Linkomies, Finnish academic, professor and the Prime Minister of Finland (born 1894)

• 1969 Willy Mairesse, Belgian racing driver (born 1928)

• 1975 Johannes Brenner, Estonian footballer (born 1906)

• 1975 John McGiver, American actor (born 1913)

• 1976 Mao Zedong, Chinese philosopher, academic, and politician, 1st Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (born 1893)

• 1978 Hugh MacDiarmid, Scottish linguist, poet, and author (born 1892)

• 1978 Jack L. Warner, Canadian-American production manager and producer, co-founded Warner Bros. (born 1892)

• 1979 Norrie Paramor, English composer, conductor, and producer (born 1914)

• 1980 John Howard Griffin, American journalist and author (born 1920)

• 1981 Robert Askin, Australian sergeant and politician, 32nd Premier of New South Wales (born 1907)

• 1981 Jacques Lacan, French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist (born 1901)

• 1984 Yılmaz Güney, Palme d'Or award-winning Kurdish film director, scenarist, actor, novelist and activist (born 1937)

• 1985 Neil Davis, Australian photographer and journalist (born 1934)

• 1985 Paul Flory, American chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1910)

• 1985 Antonino Votto, Italian conductor (born 1896)

• 1986 Magda Tagliaferro, Brazilian pianist and educator (born 1893)

• 1990 Nicola Abbagnano, Italian philosopher and academic (born 1901)

• 1990 Samuel Doe, Liberian field marshal and politician, 21st President of Liberia (born 1951)

• 1990 Alexander Men, Russian priest and scholar (born 1930)

• 1993 Larry Noble, English comedian and actor (born 1914)

• 1993 Helen O'Connell, American singer (born 1920)

• 1994 Patrick O'Neal, American actor (born 1927)

• 1996 Bill Monroe, American singer-songwriter (born 1911)

• 1997 Richie Ashburn, American baseball player and sportscaster (born 1927)

• 1997 John Hackett, Australian-English general and author (born 1910)

• 1997 Burgess Meredith, American actor, director, and producer (born 1907)

• 1998 Lucio Battisti, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1943)

• 1998 Bill Cratty, American dancer and choreographer (born 1951)

• 1999 Arie de Vroet, Dutch footballer and manager (born 1918)

• 1999 Catfish Hunter, American baseball player (born 1946)

• 1999 Ruth Roman, American actress (born 1922)

• 2000 Julian Critchley, English lawyer and politician (born 1930)

• 2001 Ahmad Shah Massoud, Afghan commander and politician, Afghan Minister of Defense (born 1953)

• 2003 Edward Teller, Hungarian-American physicist and academic (born 1908)

• 2003 Don Willesee, Australian telegraphist and politician, 29th Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs (born 1916)

• 2004 Ernie Ball, American guitarist and businessman (born 1930)

• 2004 Caitlin Clarke, American actress (born 1952)

• 2006 Gérard Brach, French director and screenwriter (born 1927)

• 2006 Richard Burmer, American composer and engineer (born 1955)

• 2006 Matt Gadsby, English footballer (born 1979)

• 2006 William Bernard Ziff Jr., American businessman, founded Ziff Davis (born 1930)

• 2012 Verghese Kurien, Indian engineer and businessman, founded Amul (born 1921)

• 2012 John McCarthy, Australian footballer (born 1989)

• 2012 Mike Scarry, American football player and coach (born 1920)

• 2012 Ron Tindall, English footballer and manager (born 1935)

• 2013 Sunila Abeysekera, Sri Lankan scholar and activist (born 1952)

• 2013 Alberto Bevilacqua, Italian director and screenwriter (born 1934)

• 2013 Saul Landau, American journalist, director, and author (born 1936)

• 2014 Montserrat Abelló i Soler, Spanish poet and translator (born 1918)

• 2014 Firoza Begum, Bangladeshi singer (born 1930)

• 2014 Graham Joyce, English author and educator (born 1954)

• 2015 Annemarie Bostroem, German poet, playwright, and songwriter (born 1922)

• 2015 Einar H. Ingman Jr., American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1929)

• 2015 K. Kunaratnam, Sri Lankan physicist and academic (born 1934)

• 2024 John Cassaday, American comic book artist and writer (born 1971)

• 2024 James Earl Jones, American actor (born 1931)

• 2024 – Caterina Valente, Italian-French singer and dancer (born 1931)

• 2025 – Mark Norell, American vertebrate paleontologist (born 1957).

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

• Charles Lowder (Church of England)

• Ciarán of Clonmacnoise

• Frédéric Ozanam

• Constance, Nun, and her Companions (Episcopal Church)

• Our Lady of Arantzazu (Oñati)

• Peter Claver

• Synaxis of Ss. Joachim and Anna, an Afterfeast. (Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches)

• September 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Armored Forces Day (Ukraine)

• California Admission Day (California, United States)

• Children's Day (Costa Rica)

• Chrysanthemum Day or Kiku no Sekku (Japan)

• Day of the Victims of Holocaust and of Racial Violence (Slovakia)

• Emergency Services Day (United Kingdom)

• Independence Day or Republic Day, celebrates the proclamation of Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) in 1948.

• Independence Day (Tajikistan), celebrates the independence of Tajikistan from USSR in 1991.

• International Buy-a-Priest-a-Beer Day

• Martyrs' Day (Afghanistan) (date may fall on September 8, follows a non-Gregorian calendar, see List of observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar)

• Remembrance for Herman the Cheruscan (The Troth)

References

External links