Wikipedia / February 22
Wikipedia / February 22
Events
Pre-1600
896 Pope Formosus crowns Arnulf of Carinthia as Emperor in Rome. Arnulf suffers a stroke soon after and retreats from Italy.
1076 Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
1288 The Franciscan Girolamo Maschi is elected pope, choosing the name Nicholas IV.
1316 The Battle of Picotin, between Ferdinand of Majorca and the forces of Matilda of Hainaut, ends in victory for Ferdinand.
1371 Robert II becomes King of Scotland, beginning the Stuart dynasty.
1495 King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne.
1601–1900
1632 Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, the dedicatee, receives the first printed copy of Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems.
1651 St. Peter's Flood: A storm surge floods the Frisian coast, drowning 15,000 people.
1744 War of the Austrian Succession: The Battle of Toulon causes several Royal Navy captains to be court-martialed, and the Articles of War to be amended.
1770 British customs officer Ebenezer Richardson fires blindly into a crowd during a protest in North End, Boston, fatally wounding 11-year-old Christopher Seider; the first American fatality of the American Revolution.
1797 The last Invasion of Britain begins near Fishguard, Wales.
1819 By the Adams–Onís Treaty, Spain sells Florida to the United States for five million U.S. dollars.
1847 Mexican–American War: The Battle of Buena Vista: Five thousand American troops defeat 15,000 Mexican troops.
1848 The French Revolution of 1848, which would lead to the establishment of the French Second Republic, begins.
1856 The United States Republican Party opens its first national convention in Pittsburgh.
1862 American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is officially inaugurated for a six-year term as the President of the Confederate States of America in Richmond, Virginia. He was previously inaugurated as a provisional president on February 18, 1861.
1872 The Prohibition Party holds its first national convention in Columbus, Ohio, nominating James Black as its presidential nominee.
1879 In Utica, New York, Frank Woolworth opens the first of many of five-and-dime Woolworth stores.
1881 Cleopatra's Needle, a 3,500-year-old Ancient Egyptian obelisk is erected in Central Park, New York.
1889 President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U.S. states.
1899 Filipino forces led by General Antonio Luna launch counterattacks for the first time against the American forces during the Philippine–American War. The Filipinos fail to regain Manila from the Americans.
1901–present
1904 The United Kingdom sells a meteorological station on the South Orkney Islands to Argentina; the islands are subsequently claimed by the United Kingdom in 1908.
1909 The sixteen battleships of the Great White Fleet, led by , return to the United States after a voyage around the world.
1921 After Russian forces under Baron Roman von Ungern-Sternberg drive the Chinese out, the Bogd Khan is reinstalled as the emperor of Mongolia.
1942 World War II: President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders General Douglas MacArthur out of the Philippines as the Japanese victory becomes inevitable.
1943 World War II: Members of the White Rose resistance, Sophie Scholl, Hans Scholl, and Christoph Probst are executed in Nazi Germany.
1943 Yankee Clipper crashes while landing on the Tagus in Lisbon, killing 24.
1944 World War II: American aircraft mistakenly bomb the Dutch towns of Nijmegen, Arnhem, Enschede and Deventer, resulting in 800 dead in Nijmegen alone.
1944 World War II: The Soviet Red Army recaptures Krivoi Rog.
1946 The "Long Telegram", proposing how the United States should deal with the Soviet Union, arrives from the US embassy in Moscow.
1957 Ngô Đình Diệm of South Vietnam survives a communist shooting assassination attempt in Buôn Ma Thuột.
1958 Following a plebiscite in both countries the previous day, Egypt and Syria join to form the United Arab Republic.
1959 Lee Petty wins the first Daytona 500.
1972 The Official Irish Republican Army detonates a car bomb at Aldershot barracks, killing seven and injuring nineteen others.
1973 Cold War: Following President Richard Nixon's visit to the People's Republic of China, the two countries agree to establish liaison offices.
1974 The Organisation of the Islamic Conference summit begins in Lahore, Pakistan. Thirty-seven countries attend and twenty-two heads of state and government participate. It also recognizes Bangladesh.
1974 Samuel Byck attempts to hijack an aircraft at Baltimore/Washington International Airport with the intention of crashing it into the White House to assassinate Richard Nixon, but commits suicide after being wounded by police.
1979 Saint Lucia gains independence from the United Kingdom.
1980 Miracle on Ice: In Lake Placid, New York, the United States hockey team defeats the Soviet Union hockey team 4–3.
1983 The notorious Broadway flop Moose Murders opens and closes on the same night at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre.
1986 Start of the People Power Revolution in the Philippines.
1994 Aldrich Ames and his wife are charged by the United States Department of Justice with spying for the Soviet Union.
1995 The Corona reconnaissance satellite program, in existence from 1959 to 1972, is declassified.
1997 In Roslin, Midlothian, British scientists announce that an adult sheep named Dolly has been successfully cloned.
2002 Angolan political and rebel leader Jonas Savimbi is killed in a military ambush.
2005 The 6.4 Zarand earthquake shakes the Kerman province of Iran with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), leaving 612 people dead and 1,411 injured.
2006 At approximately 6:44a.m. local Iraqi time, explosions occurred at the al-Askari Shrine in Samarra, Iraq. The attack on the shrine, one of the holiest sites in Shia Islam, caused the escalation of sectarian tensions in Iraq into a full-scale civil war.
2006 The Securitas depot robbery was the UK's largest heist. Almost £53m (about $92.5 million or €78 million) was stolen from a Securitas depot in Tonbridge, Kent.
2011 New Zealand's second deadliest earthquake, the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, kills 185 people.
2011 Bahraini uprising: Tens of thousands of people march in protest against the deaths of seven victims killed by police and army forces during previous protests.
2012 A train crash in Buenos Aires, Argentina, kills 51 people and injures 700 others.
2014 President Viktor Yanukovych of Ukraine is impeached by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine by a vote of 328–0, fulfilling a major goal of the Euromaidan rebellion.
2015 A ferry carrying 100 passengers capsizes in the Padma River, killing 70 people.
2018 A man throws a grenade at the U.S. embassy in Podgorica, Montenegro. He dies at the scene from a second explosion, with no one else hurt.
2022 Twosday, the name given to Tuesday, February 22, 2022, at 2:22:22, occurs.
Births
Pre-1600
1403 Charles VII of France (died 1461)
1440 Ladislaus the Posthumous, Hungarian King (died 1457)
1500 Rodolfo Pio da Carpi, Italian cardinal (died 1564)
1520 Moses Isserles, Polish rabbi (died 1572)
1550 Charles de Ligne, 2nd Prince of Arenberg (died 1616)
1592 Nicholas Ferrar, English scholar (died 1637)
1601–1900
1649 Bon Boullogne, French painter (died 1717)
1715 Charles-Nicolas Cochin, French artist (died 1790)
1732 George Washington, American general and politician, 1st President of the United States (died 1799)
1749 Johann Nikolaus Forkel, German musicologist and theorist (died 1818)
1778 Rembrandt Peale, American painter and curator (died 1860)
1788 Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher and author (died 1860)
1796 Alexis Bachelot, French priest and missionary (died 1837)
1796 Adolphe Quetelet, Belgian mathematician, astronomer, and sociologist (died 1874)
1805 Sarah Fuller Flower Adams, English poet and hymnwriter (died 1848)
1806 Józef Kremer, Polish historian and philosopher (died 1875)
1817 Carl Wilhelm Borchardt, German mathematician and academic (died 1880)
1819 James Russell Lowell, American poet and critic (died 1891)
1824 Pierre Janssen, French astronomer and mathematician (died 1907)
1825 Jean-Baptiste Salpointe, French-American archbishop (died 1898)
1836 Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya, Indian scholar and academic (died 1906)
1840 August Bebel, German theorist and politician (died 1913)
1849 Nikolay Yakovlevich Sonin, Russian mathematician and academic (died 1915)
1857 Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, English general, co-founded The Scout Association (died 1941)
1857 Heinrich Hertz, German physicist, philosopher, and academic (died 1894)
1860 Mary W. Bacheler, American physician and Baptist medical missionary (died 1939)
1861 Lewis Akeley, American academic (died 1961)
1863 Charles McLean Andrews, American historian, author, and academic (died 1943)
1864 Jules Renard, French author and playwright (died 1910)
1874 Bill Klem, American baseball player and umpire (died 1951)
1876 Zitkala-Sa, American author and activist (died 1938)
1879 Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted, Danish chemist and academic (died 1947)
1880 Eric Lemming, Swedish athlete (died 1930)
1881 Joseph B. Ely, American lawyer and politician, 52nd Governor of Massachusetts (died 1956)
1881 Albin Prepeluh, Slovenian journalist and politician (died 1937)
1882 Eric Gill, English sculptor and illustrator (died 1940)
1883 Marguerite Clark, American actress (died 1940)
1887 Savielly Tartakower, Polish journalist, author, and chess player (died 1956)
1887 Pat Sullivan, Australian-American animator and producer (died 1933)
1888 Owen Brewster, American captain and politician, 54th Governor of Maine (died 1961)
1889 Olave Baden-Powell, English scout leader, first World Chief Guide (died 1977)
1889 R. G. Collingwood, English historian and philosopher (died 1943)
1891 Vlas Chubar, Russian economist and politician (died 1939)
1892 Edna St. Vincent Millay, American poet and playwright (died 1950)
1895 Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, Peruvian politician (died 1979)
1897 Karol Świerczewski, Polish general (died 1947)
1899 George O'Hara, American actor and screenwriter (died 1966)
1900 Luis Buñuel, Spanish-Mexican director and producer (died 1983)
1901–present
1903 Morley Callaghan, Canadian author and playwright (died 1990)
1903 Frank P. Ramsey, English economist, mathematician, and philosopher (died 1930)
1906 Constance Stokes, Australian painter (died 1991)
1907 Sheldon Leonard, American actor, director, and producer (died 1997)
1907 Robert Young, American actor (died 1998)
1908 Rómulo Betancourt, Venezuelan politician, 56th President of Venezuela (died 1981)
1908 John Mills, English actor (died 2005)
1910 George Hunt, English footballer (died 1996)
1914 Renato Dulbecco, Italian-American virologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2012)
1918 Don Pardo, American radio and television announcer (died 2014)
1918 Robert Wadlow, American man, the tallest person in recorded history (died 1940)
1921 Jean-Bédel Bokassa, Central African general and politician, 2nd President of the Central African Republic (died 1996)
1921 Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (died 1994)
1921 Marshall Teague, American race car driver (died 1959)
1922 Zenaida Manfugás, Cuban pianist (died 2012)
1922 Joe Wilder, American trumpet player, composer, and bandleader (died 2014)
1923 François Cavanna, French author and editor (died 2014)
1923 Bleddyn Williams, Welsh rugby player and sportscaster (died 2009)
1926 Kenneth Williams, English actor and screenwriter (died 1988)
1927 Florencio Campomanes, Filipino political scientist and chess player (died 2010)
1927 Guy Mitchell, American singer (died 1999)
1928 Clarence 13X, American religious leader, founded the Nation of Gods and Earths (died 1969)
1928 Texas Johnny Brown, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2013)
1928 Paul Dooley, American actor
1928 Bruce Forsyth, English singer and television host (died 2017)
1928 Thomas E. Kurtz, American computer scientist and educator (died 2024)
1929 James Hong, American actor and director
1929 Rebecca Schull, American stage, film, and television actress
1930 Marni Nixon, American soprano and actress (died 2016)
1932 Ted Kennedy, American soldier, lawyer, and politician (died 2009)
1933 Sheila Hancock, English actress and author
1933 Katharine, Duchess of Kent (died 2025)
1933 Bobby Smith, English footballer (died 2010)
1936 J. Michael Bishop, American microbiologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2026)
1937 Tommy Aaron, American golfer
1937 Joanna Russ, American author and activist (died 2011)
1938 Tony Macedo, Gibraltarian born English footballer
1938 Ishmael Reed, American poet, novelist, essayist
1940 Judy Cornwell, English actress
1941 Hipólito Mejía, Dominican politician, 52nd President of the Dominican Republic
1942 Christine Keeler, English model and dancer (died 2017)
1943 Terry Eagleton, English philosopher and critic
1943 Horst Köhler, Polish-German economist and politician, 9th President of Germany (died 2025)
1943 Dick Van Arsdale, American basketball player (died 2024)
1943 Tom Van Arsdale, American basketball player
1943 Otoya Yamaguchi, Japanese assassin of Inejiro Asanuma (died 1960)
1944 Jonathan Demme, American director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2017)
1944 Mick Green, English guitarist (died 2010)
1944 Robert Kardashian, American lawyer and businessman (died 2003)
1944 Christopher Meyer, English diplomat, British Ambassador to the United States (died 2022)
1944 Tom Okker, Dutch tennis player and painter
1946 Nagima Aitkhozhina, Kazakh biologist (died 2020)
1946 Kresten Bjerre, Danish footballer and manager (died 2014)
1947 Pirjo Honkasalo, Finnish director, cinematographer, and screenwriter
1947 Frank Van Dun, Belgian philosopher and theorist
1948 John Ashton, American actor (died 2024)
1948 Dennis Awtrey, American basketball player
1949 John Duncan, Scottish footballer and manager (died 2022)
1949 Niki Lauda, Austrian racing driver (died 2019)
1949 Olga Morozova, Russian tennis player and coach
1950 Julius Erving, American basketball player and sportscaster
1950 Lenny Kuhr, Dutch singer-songwriter
1950 Miou-Miou, French actress
1950 Genesis P-Orridge, English singer-songwriter (died 2020)
1950 Julie Walters, English actress and author
1951 Ellen Greene, American singer and actress
1952 Bill Frist, American physician and politician
1952 Joaquim Pina Moura, Portuguese Minister of Economy and Treasury and MP (died 2020)
1952 Saufatu Sopoanga, Tuvaluan politician, 8th Prime Minister of Tuvalu (died 2020)
1953 Nigel Planer, English actor and screenwriter
1955 David Axelrod, American journalist and political adviser
1955 Tim Young, Canadian ice hockey player
1957 Willie Smits, Dutch microbiologist and engineer
1958 Richard Greenberg, American playwright and television writer (died 2025)
1959 Jiří Čunek, Czech politician
1959 Kyle MacLachlan, American actor
1959 Bronwyn Oliver, Australian sculptor (died 2006)
1959 Harry Leary, American BMX racer (died 2024)
1960 Thomas Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde, Scottish politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
1961 Akira Takasaki, Japanese guitarist, songwriter, and producer
1962 Steve Irwin, Australian zoologist and television host (died 2006)
1963 Andrew Adonis, Baron Adonis, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Transport
1963 Devon Malcolm, Jamaican-English cricketer
1963 Vijay Singh, Fijian-American golfer
1965 Chris Dudley, American basketball player
1965 Kieren Fallon, Irish jockey
1965 Pat LaFontaine, American ice hockey player
1966 Rachel Dratch, American actress and comedian
1967 Paul Lieberstein, American actor, screenwriter, director, and producer
1967 Psicosis II, Mexican wrestler
1968 Shawn Graham, Canadian politician, 31st Premier of New Brunswick
1968 Jeri Ryan, American model and actress
1968 Kazuhiro Sasaki, Japanese baseball player
1968 Jayson Williams, American basketball player and sportscaster
1969 Thomas Jane, American actor
1969 Clinton Kelly, American TV personality and author
1969 Brian Laudrup, Danish footballer and sportscaster
1969 Marc Wilmots, Belgian footballer and manager
1971 Lea Salonga, Filipino actress and singer
1972 Michael Chang, American tennis player and coach
1972 Claudia Pechstein, German speed skater
1972 Haim Revivo, Israeli footballer
1972 Ben Sasse, American politician and college administrator
1973 Philippe Gaumont, French cyclist (died 2013)
1973 Juninho Paulista, Brazilian footballer
1973 Scott Phillips, American musician and songwriter
1974 James Blunt, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1975 Drew Barrymore, American actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
1977 Hakan Yakin, Swiss footballer
1979 Brett Emerton, Australian footballer
1979 Lee Na-young, South Korean actress
1980 Jeanette Biedermann, German singer-songwriter and actress
1983 Brian Duensing, American baseball player
1983 Clint McKay, Australian cricketer
1983 Iliza Shlesinger, American stand-up comedian, actress and television host
1983 Shaun Tait, Australian cricketer
1984 Tommy Bowe, Irish rugby player
1984 Branislav Ivanović, Serbian footballer
1985 Hamer Bouazza, Algerian footballer
1985 Georgios Printezis, Greek basketball player
1985 Zach Roerig, American actor
1986 Rajon Rondo, American basketball player
1987 Han Hyo-joo, South Korean actress and model
1987 Sergio Romero, Argentine footballer
1988 Jonathan Borlée, Belgian sprinter
1989 Franco Vázquez, Argentine footballer
1991 Khalil Mack, American football player
1992 Dixon Machado, Venezuelan baseball player
1994 Nam Joo-hyuk, South Korean model and actor
1994 Elfrid Payton, American basketball player
1995 Devonte' Graham, American basketball player
1997 Jerome Robinson, American basketball player
1997 Ilya Samsonov, Russian ice hockey player
1999 Harry Brook, English cricketer
Deaths
Pre-1600
556 Maximianus, Bishop of Ravenna (born 499)
1071 Arnulf III, Count of Flanders
1072 Peter Damian, Italian cardinal
1079 John of Fécamp, Italian Benedictine abbot
1111 Roger Borsa, King of Sicily (born 1078)
1297 Margaret of Cortona, Italian penitent (born 1247)
1452 William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas (born 1425)
1500 Gerhard VI, German nobleman (born 1430)
1512 Amerigo Vespucci, Italian cartographer and explorer (born 1454)
1601–1900
1627 Olivier van Noort, Dutch explorer (born 1558)
1674 Jean Chapelain, French poet and critic (born 1595)
1690 Charles Le Brun, French painter and theorist (born 1619)
1731 Frederik Ruysch, Dutch physician and anatomist (born 1638)
1732 Francis Atterbury, English bishop (born 1663)
1770 Christopher Seider, first American killed in the American Revolution (born 1758)
1816 Adam Ferguson, Scottish historian and philosopher (born 1723)
1875 Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, French painter and illustrator (born 1796)
1875 Charles Lyell, Scottish geologist (born 1797)
1888 Anna Kingsford, English physician and activist (born 1846)
1890 John Jacob Astor III, American businessman and philanthropist (born 1822)
1890 Carl Bloch, Danish painter and academic (born 1834)
1897 Charles Blondin, French tightrope walker and acrobat (born 1824)
1898 Heungseon Daewongun, Korean king (born 1820)
1901–present
1904 Leslie Stephen, English historian, author, and critic (born 1832)
1913 Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist and author (born 1857)
1913 Francisco I. Madero, Mexican president and author (born 1873)
1923 Théophile Delcassé, French politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1852)
1932 Harriet Converse Moody, American businesswoman and arts patron (born 1857)
1939 Antonio Machado, Spanish-French poet and author (born 1875)
1942 Stefan Zweig, Austrian journalist, author, and playwright (born 1881)
1943 Christoph Probst, German activist (born 1919)
1943 Hans Scholl, German activist (born 1918)
1943 Sophie Scholl, German activist (born 1921)
1944 Kasturba Gandhi, Indian activist (born 1869)
1944 Fritz Schmenkel, anti-Nazi German who joined Soviet partisans (born 1916)
1945 Osip Brik, Russian avant garde writer and literary critic (born 1888)
1958 Abul Kalam Azad, Indian scholar and politician, Indian Minister of Education (born 1888)
1960 Paul-Émile Borduas, Canadian-French painter and critic (born 1905)
1961 Nick LaRocca, American trumpet player and composer (born 1889)
1965 Felix Frankfurter, Austrian-American lawyer and jurist (born 1882)
1971 Frédéric Mariotti, French actor (born 1883)
1973 Jean-Jacques Bertrand, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Premier of Quebec (born 1916)
1973 Elizabeth Bowen, Anglo-Irish author (born 1899)
1973 Katina Paxinou, Greek actress (born 1900)
1973 Winthrop Rockefeller, American colonel and politician, 37th Governor of Arkansas (born 1912)
1976 Angela Baddeley, English actress (born 1904)
1976 Florence Ballard, American singer (born 1943)
1980 Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian painter, poet and playwright (born 1886)
1982 Josh Malihabadi, Indian-Pakistani poet and author (born 1898)
1983 Adrian Boult, English conductor (born 1889)
1983 Romain Maes, Belgian cyclist (born 1913)
1985 Salvador Espriu, Spanish author, poet, and playwright (born 1913)
1985 Efrem Zimbalist, Russian violinist, composer, and conductor (born 1889)
1986 John Donnelly, Australian rugby league player (born 1955)
1987 David Susskind, American talk show host and producer (born 1920)
1987 Andy Warhol, American painter and photographer (born 1928)
1992 Markos Vafiadis, Greek general and politician (born 1906)
1994 Papa John Creach, American violinist (born 1917)
1995 Ed Flanders, American actor (born 1934)
1997 Joseph Aiuppa, American gangster (born 1907)
1998 Abraham A. Ribicoff, American lawyer and politician, 4th United States Secretary of Health and Human Services (born 1910)
1999 William Bronk, American poet and academic (born 1918)
1999 Menno Oosting, Dutch tennis player (born 1964)
2002 Chuck Jones, American animator, producer, and screenwriter (born 1912)
2002 Jonas Savimbi, Angolan general, founded UNITA (born 1934)
2004 Andy Seminick, American baseball player, coach, and manager (born 1920)
2005 Lee Eun-ju, South Korean actress and singer (born 1980)
2005 Simone Simon, French actress (born 1910)
2006 S. Rajaratnam, Singaporean politician, 1st Senior Minister of Singapore (born 1915)
2007 George Jellicoe, 2nd Earl Jellicoe, English politician, Leader of the House of Lords (born 1918)
2007 Dennis Johnson, American basketball player and coach (born 1954)
2012 Frank Carson, Irish-English comedian and actor (born 1926)
2012 Marie Colvin, American journalist (born 1956)
2012 Rémi Ochlik, French photographer and journalist (born 1983)
2013 Atje Keulen-Deelstra, Dutch speed skater (born 1938)
2013 Jean-Louis Michon, French-Swiss scholar and translator (born 1924)
2013 Wolfgang Sawallisch, German pianist and conductor (born 1923)
2014 Charlotte Dawson, New Zealand–Australian television host (born 1966)
2014 Trebor Jay Tichenor, American pianist and composer (born 1940)
2014 Leo Vroman, Dutch-American hematologist, poet, and illustrator (born 1915)
2015 Chris Rainbow, Scottish singer-songwriter and producer (born 1946)
2019 Brody Stevens, American comedian and actor (born 1970)
2019 Morgan Woodward, American actor (born 1925)
2021 Lawrence Ferlinghetti, American poet, painter (born 1919)
2024 John Lowe, English musician, pianist for The Quarrymen (born 1942)
2026 Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes (born 1966)
Holidays and observances
Birthday of Scouting and Guiding founder Robert Baden-Powell and Olave Baden-Powell, and its related observance:
Founder's Day or "B.-P. day" (World Organization of the Scout Movement)
World Thinking Day (World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts)
Christian feast day:
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Saint Lucia from the United Kingdom in 1979.
Washington's Birthday, federal holiday in the United States. A holiday on February 22 as well as the third Monday in February.